Sports are by nature competitive. But recently, the over-competitive nature youth sports seem to have taken on has led to cause for ____.
Those who are strongly against competition point out that in a competition, only one wins while the rest ____. They argue that competition leads children to define themselves by the outcome, tying their self-esteem(自尊心) up with their ability to ____ others. They further argue that competition causes anxiety, affects learning and causes children to view others as____ to their success. Competition restricts participation and ___ success. A “win-at-all-costs” mentality can cause children to pay little attention to honesty and fair play.
On the opposite side of the debate are those who view competition as a ____ part of American society. They argue that placing kids in a competitive situation such as sports helps prepare them for a(n) ____ life in our society that is full of competition. ____ is a normal part of human nature and part of everyday life. Other arguments ____ competitive sports are that they provide challenges, help kids develop skills, and teach them how to get along with others.
The third side of this debate says that a little competition can’t be that ____, as long as competition does not get out of hand and take on a “win-at-all-costs” mentality. They claim that competition in itself is not bad and it can serve as a ____ of social comparison, necessary for adolescents to see how ____ they are. Their advice is to introduce competition ____ while focusing more on mastery and cooperation during childhood. The gradual shift toward competition will allow children to build skills, participate fully, and focus on ____ rather than winning.
It is important that you consider all of the possible ____ of competition before you put your child in a competitive situation.
小題1:
A．a(chǎn)larmB．concernC．optimismD．a(chǎn)ccident
小題2:
A．followB．stopC．failD．return
小題3:
A．beatB．changeC．studyD．control
小題4:
A．ticketsB．barriersC．roadsD．invitations
小題5:
A．refusesB．limitsC．imaginesD．stresses
小題6:
A．healthyB．popularC．hardD．missing
小題7:
A．politicalB．earlyC．a(chǎn)dultD．daily
小題8:
A．Disagreement B．MotivationC．DifficultyD．Competition
小題9:
A．doubtingB．a(chǎn)ttackingC．supportingD．ignoring
小題10:
A．necessaryB．badC．interestingD．boring
小題11:
A．sampleB．productC．subjectD．means
小題12:
A．uniqueB．youngC．normalD．skillful
小題13:
A．graduallyB．eventuallyC．widelyD．forcefully
小題14:
A．observingB．teachingC．playingD．growing
小題15:
A．benefitsB．outcomesC．responsibilitiesD．methods

小題1:B 
小題2:C 
小題3:A  
小題4:B 
小題5:D  
小題6:A  
小題7:C  
小題8:D 
小題9:C 
小題10:B 
小題11:D 
小題12:A 
小題13:A 
小題14:C 
小題15:B 

試題分析：本文是議論文，討論要不要把孩子放在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境中去，盡管各方意見(jiàn)不一致，但在做這事之前一定要慎重考慮。
小題1:B考查名詞辨析。Alarm警鐘；concern關(guān)心；optimism樂(lè)觀主義；accident事件。句意：最后年輕人運(yùn)動(dòng)所呈現(xiàn)的過(guò)度競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的本性似乎引起人們的關(guān)注。Cause for concern，引導(dǎo)關(guān)注。故選B項(xiàng)。
小題2:C 考查動(dòng)詞辨析 follow 跟著；stop 停止 ；fail失��；return 返回。句意：那些強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的人指出，在比賽中，只有一個(gè)人能贏，而其它人會(huì)輸。While 表對(duì)比，故選C項(xiàng)。
小題3:A 考查動(dòng)詞辨析 beat 打��；change改變；study學(xué)習(xí)；control控制。句意：他們認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)會(huì)讓孩子通過(guò)結(jié)果來(lái)評(píng)判自己，把他們的自尊心與打敗別人的能力聯(lián)系在一起。根據(jù)上文中提到in a competition, only one wins while the rest ____. 在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中，只有一個(gè)贏，而其它人會(huì)失敗。所以打敗別人的能力想聯(lián)系。故選A項(xiàng)。
小題4:B 考查名詞辨析  tickets票；barries屏障；roads道路；invitations邀請(qǐng)。句意：他們也認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致焦慮，影響學(xué)習(xí)，使孩子認(rèn)為這是他們成功的障礙。根據(jù)上文提到They argue that competition leads children to define themselves by the outcome他們會(huì)以結(jié)果來(lái)定義自己，這成為成功的障礙。所以選B項(xiàng)。
小題5:D 考查動(dòng)詞辨析 refuses 拒絕；limits限制；imagines想象；stressed強(qiáng)調(diào)。句意：競(jìng)爭(zhēng)限制參與，強(qiáng)調(diào)成功。根據(jù)下方提到這種贏的代價(jià)會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子不注重誠(chéng)實(shí)與公平，所以只強(qiáng)調(diào)成功，故選D項(xiàng)。
小題6:A 考查形容詞辨析 healthy健康的；popular流行的；hard困難的；msissing失去的；句意：反對(duì)的那些人把這做為美國(guó)社會(huì)健康的一部分。與第二段強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的人想對(duì)比，他們認(rèn)為這是很健康的， 所以選A項(xiàng)。
小題7:C 考查形容詞辨析political政治的；eaarly早的；adult成年的；daily每天的；句意：他們認(rèn)為把孩子放在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境中可以幫助孩子為將來(lái)進(jìn)入競(jìng)爭(zhēng)社會(huì)做好準(zhǔn)備。that is full of competition.是adult life 的定語(yǔ)從句，成年人的世界充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。故選C項(xiàng)。
小題8:D 考查名詞辨析 diagreement不同意；movtivation動(dòng)機(jī)；difficulty困難；competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。句意：競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是人類本性的正常的一部分也是日常生活的一部分。這段是在討論競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是優(yōu)點(diǎn)，所以選D項(xiàng)。
小題9:C  考查動(dòng)詞辨析 doubting懷疑；attacking進(jìn)攻；supporting支持；ignoring忽視。句意：其它人認(rèn)為支持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的運(yùn)動(dòng)是提供挑戰(zhàn)，幫助孩子發(fā)展技能，教會(huì)他們?nèi)绾闻c人相處。這一段主在講競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，所以選C項(xiàng)。
小題10:B 考查形容詞辨析 necessary必要的；bad 不好的；interesting有趣的；boring令人厭煩的。句意：第三方認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不是壞事，只要不過(guò)分，體現(xiàn)勝利不惜一切精神就可以。根據(jù)下句話提到只要不過(guò)分，所以認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不是壞事，所以選B項(xiàng)。
小題11:D 考查名詞辨析 sample 標(biāo)本；product產(chǎn)品；subject科目；means方法。句意：競(jìng)爭(zhēng)本身不是壞事，它體現(xiàn)社會(huì)比較的一種方法。Serve as 作為，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選D項(xiàng)。
小題12:A 考查形容詞辨析unique 獨(dú)特性的；young年輕的；normal正常的；skillful有技術(shù)的；句意：有必要讓青少年看到他們的獨(dú)特性。Necessary to do ，有必要做某事，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是讓孩子看到他的獨(dú)特性，所以選A項(xiàng)。
小題13:A 考查副詞辨析  gradually逐漸地；eventually最終；widely廣泛地；forcefully有力地。句意：他們的建議是逐漸引入競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與此同時(shí)在兒童時(shí)代多多關(guān)注合作與掌握。根據(jù)下文提到The gradual shift toward competition will allow children to build skills,逐步的轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)试S孩子提高技能，所以選A項(xiàng)。
小題14:C 考查動(dòng)詞辨析 observing觀察；teaching 教書(shū)；playing 玩；growing生長(zhǎng)；句意：逐漸的轉(zhuǎn)變引入競(jìng)爭(zhēng)允許孩子增強(qiáng)自己的技能，充分參與，集中注意力于玩上而不是贏上。根據(jù)上文提到Their advice is to introduce competition ____ while focusing more on mastery and cooperation during childhood在兒童時(shí)代多關(guān)注合作與掌握，故讓孩子玩而不是贏，故選C項(xiàng)。
小題15:B 考查名詞辨析 benefits 利益；outcomes結(jié)果；responsibilities責(zé)任；methods方法。句意：在把你孩子放在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境中之前，考慮到所以可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果是非常重要的。這是作者在深化主題，在做事之前充分考慮可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果，這是最好的辦法，所以選B項(xiàng)。
考點(diǎn) ：文化類閱讀。
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A．believe inB．stick toC．carry out　D．push for
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A．oftenB．insideC．onlyD．outside
小題16:
A．concernedB．particularC．wrong　D．convinced
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小題18:
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A．in terms of 　B．in front ofC．in charge of　D．in favor of
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There was no answer.
“Tom!”
Still no answer.
“Where’s that boy gone? Tom!”
The old lady looked all around the room. She looked under the bed, but found only the cat.
“If I catch that boy, …” she murmured to herself.
She opened the door and looked out into the garden.
“Tom!” she shouted.
Then she heard a slight noise behind her. She turned round just in time to catch the boy as he came out of a cupboard.
“And what have you been doing in there?”
“Nothing,” said the boy.
“Nothing! Look at your hands and your mouth! What is that stuff?”
“I don’t know, Aunt.”
“Well, I know. It’s a jam. I’ve told you forty times that if you touched that jam, I’d skin you.
Give me that stick.”
“Look out, Aunt! Look behind you!”
The old lady turned round and Tom was out of the door in a flash, over the garden fence and away.
“Damn that boy! Will I never learn? He’s always playing tricks on me. And he seems to know just now how far he can go, too. But I can’t take a stick to him. I really can’t. After all, he’s my dead sister’s boy. Ah well, he’ll play truant today and I’ll have to make him work tomorrow.”
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“It was rather hot today, wasn’t it, Tom?”
“Yes,” answered Tom.
“You didn’t have to open your shirt collar where I sewed（縫） it, then.”
Tom was confident, now. He opened his jacket. His collar was securely sewed.
“Oh Tom,” said Aunt Polly. “You’re a good boy really.”
She was sorry that she had been wrong about him.
“But Aunt,” came a voice. It was Sidney, Tom’s younger brother. “Didn’ t you sew Tom’s collar with white cotton? Look! Now it’s black.
Tom was already running out of the door.
---The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain
小題1:The underlined word “skin” probably mean in the passage?
A．praiseB．cheatC．touchD．beat
小題2:Which of the following words can be best used to describe Tom?
A．stupidB．cleverC．naughtyD．brave
小題3:What can be inferred from Sidney’s words in the passage?
A．Tom made his jacket dirty on purpose.
B．Tom didn’t go to school that day.
C．Tom was a dirty boy.
D．Sidney hated Tom so he wanted to punish him.
小題4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Tom’s mother passed away.
B．Tom’s aunt was a good sewer.
C．Tom was good at sports.
D．Aunt Polly felt sorry for his misunderstanding to Tom.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Zoos have been around for centuries — and they’ve changed a lot over the years. In the Middle Ages, wealthy people kept animals in their gardens. Public animal parks appeared in European cities in the late 1700s and early 1800s. The Philadelphia Zoo, the first in the United States, opened in 1874.
Until a few decades (十年) ago, most zoos were organized by creatures — monkeys in one area, cats in another, birds somewhere else, just like museum collections. In recent years, zoos have instead begun grouping animals that would normally interact (互相作用) in the wild. Moreover, instead of closing animals behind bars, designers are creating landscapes like the environments in which these creatures would naturally be found. Nearby signs provide information about the animals and their habitats in parts of the world where they normally live.
The Denver Zoo’s new Predator Ridge exhibit, for example, aims to teach visitors about Africa. Eight acres of land provide homes for 14 animal species, including lions, porcupines, cranes, and wild dogs. Plants from the region grow alongside African-like landform. Ten-foot-tall mounds (土墩) give lions a place from which to survey their surroundings, just as they would do in the wild.
Landscape design makes visitors to the Denver Zoo’s Predator Ridge exhibit feel like they’re really in Africa.
Animals in Predator Ridge can’t actually be mixed with one another, for safety reasons. But hidden deep channels and other smart features allow visitors to see all the animals at once. Different species can see each other too.
小題1:What is the passage mainly about?
A．Protection of zoo animals.
B．Changes of zoos over the time.
C．The safety problem of zoos.
D．The living habits of zoo animals.
小題2:In the Denver Zoo ten-foot-tall mounds are built to _____.
A．protect the safety of visitors
B．separate lions from other animals
C．create a natural environment for lions
D．offer visitors a better view of lions
小題3:The underlined part “the region” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to _____.
A．AfricaB．the Predator Ridge exhibit
C．the Denver ZooD．the ten-foot-tall mounds
小題4:We can learn from the passage that _____.
A．the earliest zoos were probably rich people’s gardens
B．the Philadelphia Zoo is the first zoo in the world
C．the new Predator Ridge exhibit is held in Africa
D．more animals will be kept in zoos in the future

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of correct answers. That question is “What’s your name?” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.
Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?
People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.
Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.
The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook (小溪); someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.
Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter—a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter—a person who made pots and pans.
The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
小題1: Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?
A．Places where people lived.B．People’s characters.
C．Talents that people possessed. D．People’s occupations.
小題2:According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______.
A．owned or drove a cartB．made things with metals
C．made kitchen tools or containers.D．built houses and furniture.
小題3:Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named ________.
A．Beatrice SmithB．Leonard Carter
C．George LongstreetD．Donald Greenwood

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When I put a foot in the school for the first time, the thing that I will never forget is a big smile coming from the people of the reception. This is the kind of things that means a lot to you when you are feeling like a strange person in a country that you have never been, as it was in my case.
In the classes, I don’t know if I’m a lucky person, but the teachers that I have had, in my opinion, are excellent, very professional in their jobs, and they just seem to enjoy teaching, and make the lessons useful and classes amusing.
Another fact that I’ve really enjoyed is that the school is not only aimed at the English language knowledge. You can also find every kind of activity intended to entertain the students in their free time, with things like going to museums and galleries, visiting special places in the city or going to the very famous pub night to have a few beers with your friends. So here you have the opportunity to enjoy the stay in London, to meet new friends, and also to learn everything about the city and the British culture.
Personally, there are some facts that have not been easy for me since I arrived, like being so far away from my family, the differences between English food and the food I used to eat, and the high prices for everything. However, I am impressed about a very developed and multicultural city, with people aware of the sense of living in community, with a public transport amazingly thorough, with outstanding tourist places, with opportunities for work and with food from every part of the world that you can imagine.
I’ve experienced something priceless with my friends in London. Every time I made contact with my friends from another country, I learn about their culture. I was lucky to have such good friends. I think that time was a present for me.
小題1:What is the passage mainly about?
A．The author’s learning experience in London.
B．The friends the author made while in London.
C．The author’s progress in learning English.
D．The poor memories in a foreign country.
小題2:When setting foot in the new country, the author ________.
A．felt the great pressure from foreigners
B．was uneasy in the unfamiliar environment
C．missed everything and everyone in his back home
D．had difficulty dealing with different cultures and customs
小題3:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The author’s experience in London is worthless.
B．Schools in London focus on no activities.
C．The author had some difficulty in adapting to the life in London.
D．The teachers are easily confused by the international students.
小題4:What did the author do besides his studies while in London?
A．He learned the differences between languages.
B．He got to know the city with different cultures.
C．He served at many outstanding tourists places.
D．He made contact with friends from his home.

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