11.At the age of12,Swedish Alfred Nobel spoke five languages fluently.Nobel became an(1)inventor(invent)and businessman,and at the time of his death on December 10,1896,he had 355 patents worldwide(2)oneof them was the patent on dynamite(炸藥).Furthermore,he had started 87 companies all over the world.According to(3)hiswill,Alfred Nobel's enormous fortune was to be used(4)to establish(establish) prizes to award those(5)whohad done their best to benefit mankind in the fields of physics,chemistry,medicine,literature and peace.The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901,five years(6)afterNobel died.In 1969,another prize was added"The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel".
    The Nobel Laureates(獲得者)(7)are announced( announce) at the beginning of October each year.A couple of months later,on December 10,(8)theanniversary of Alfred Nobel's death,they receive their prizes from the Swedish King--a Nobel diploma,a medal,and 10 million Swedish crowns per prize.All Nobel Prizes are awarded in Stockholm,Sweden,(9)exceptfor the Nobel Peace Prize,which is awarded in Oslo,Norway.When Alfred Nobel was alive,Norway and Sweden were united under one monarch(君主),(10)until1905 when Norway became an independent kingdom with its own king.

分析 本文主要介紹了阿爾弗雷德?諾貝爾的生平簡歷;諾貝爾獎的設立以及頒發(fā)的情況.

解答 答案:
1.inventor     考查名詞   此處用在不定冠詞an之后,與 businessman一起在句中作賓語,故用名詞inventor.
2.one     考查不定代詞   分析句意可知,此處指的是:355項專利中的一項,故用one.
3.his     考查形容詞性的物主代詞   此處用在名詞will之前,指的是阿爾弗雷德?諾貝爾的意愿,故用his.
4.to establish     考查固定短語    be used to do sth.意為:被用來做某事;此處指的是:艾爾弗雷德?諾貝爾的巨額財富被用來設立獎品;故用to establish.
5.who    考查關系代詞    本句為定語從句;由于先行詞those指人,在從句中作主語,故用關系代詞who.
6.a(chǎn)fter   考查從屬連詞     根據(jù)上文"at the time of his death on December 10,1896,"可知,諾貝爾死于1896年,因此1901年應是他去世后的五年;故用after.
7.a(chǎn)re announced     考查一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)    由于動詞announce與主語The Nobel Laureates(諾貝爾獎獲得者)是動賓關系,并且根據(jù)時間狀語 at the beginning of October each year(在每年的十月初)可知,此處應使用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài);故用are announced.
8.the    考查定冠詞    此處用在名詞anniversary 之前,特指阿爾弗雷德?諾貝爾的逝世周年紀念日;故用the.
9.except   考查介詞    本句的意思是:除了諾貝爾和平獎是在挪威的奧斯陸被授予的之外,其他所有的諾貝爾獎都是在瑞典的斯德哥爾摩頒發(fā)的;此處指的是:除了…之外;故用except.
10.until    考查從屬連詞      本句的意思是:Alfred Nobel在世時,挪威和瑞典是在一個君主的統(tǒng)治下,直到1905時,挪威才變成一個有自己獨立的國王的王國;此處指的是:直到…時;故用until.

點評 本題主要考查了各種語法在短文中的具體運用.做本題時,需要在正確理解短文的前提下,逐句分析句意以及所考查到的語法現(xiàn)象;因此在平時的學習中,應熟練掌握各種語法知識,其中包括詞法,句法,各種時態(tài)語態(tài)以及虛擬語氣等.

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