Question

【題目】 It seems we're always being told to get more sleep. Studies suggest spending less time on sleep can lead to obesity(肥胖) and even cancer. You might even find yourself with a head full of false memories. But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much. That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.

In an August 2018 study, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, researchers researched the sleep patterns of those“fortunate”few and found they may not be so lucky after all. In fact, they found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk compared to those who sleep together less than seven hours. What's more, sleep-aholics-those who manage to get 10 hours a night-stand a 30 percent higher chance of dying compared to the seven-hour crowd.

The wide-ranging global study involved(涉及) more than three million people who self-reported on their sleep habits and came to an eye-opening conclusion: If you tend to sleep a lot, you may want to buy an alarm clock. As with all things in life, sleep is best taken in moderation（適度）.

You may be thinking: What if I only sleep in on Saturday and Sunday, am I still at risk? The answer is yes, according to a 2019 study published in Current Biology. Researchers discovered that even if a person sleeps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at risk of gaining weight and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blood.

For the study, 36 participants were divided into three groups that each had a different sleep schedule: nine hours every night, five hours every night, and five hours from Monday to Friday and sleeping much on weekends. People who get too much sleep tend to feel tired and lack energy. Also, both sleep-deprived（睡眠不足的) groups consume more food and gain weight.

【1】Why is the harmful effect of sleeping too much seldom studied?

A.Few people have time to sleep too much.B.Lack of sleep causes much more harm.

C.It turns out to be a healthy sleep pattern.D.People's health has nothing to do with it.

【2】What does the underlined words "those 'fortunate' few" in paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Those leading a relaxing life.B.Those getting too much sleep.

C.Those with less time to sleep.D.Those with no sleep problems.

【3】What can be learned from the 2019 study?

A.Sleeping much is particularly beneficial to hungry people.

B.Many people sleep more on weekends than on weekdays.

C.An alarm clock of high quality is important for good sleep.

D.People who sleep much only on weekends also have health risk.

【4】What is the main idea of the text?

A.It is necessary to save enough time for sleep.

B.Too much sleep can result in gaining weight.

C.Sleeping too much does harm to people's health.

D.People can avoid sleeping much by eating healthily.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。我們似乎總是被告知要多睡覺，但是睡眠過多對身體也是有害的。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第4句和第5句：But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much. That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.可知，在如今忙碌的社會(huì)很少有人會(huì)有時(shí)間睡太多，所以睡眠過多對人體的危害很少被研究。故選A項(xiàng)。

【2】詞義猜測題。在句中的that/those一般指代前文提及內(nèi)容，根據(jù)本句所在位置，可定位至第一段“That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.（這是因?yàn)樵诋?dāng)今這個(gè)繁忙的世界上，很少有人有機(jī)會(huì)探索這種選擇�！奔暗诙�段提及的“…they may not be so lucky after all. In fact，they found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk（他們可能根本就沒有那么幸運(yùn)。事實(shí)上，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠超過8小時(shí)的人有更大的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）”可推斷，劃線部分指代“睡眠時(shí)間太長的人”。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Researchers discovered that even if a person sleeps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at risk of gaining weight and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blood.（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使一個(gè)人在周末的睡眠時(shí)間超過7個(gè)小時(shí)，但仍然比工作日晚上的睡眠時(shí)間少，他們也有體重增加和對控制血糖水平的胰島素敏感的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）可知，只有周末睡得多的人也會(huì)面臨健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。

【4】主旨大意題。文章結(jié)構(gòu)為總分結(jié)構(gòu)，第一段總起提出話題：But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much.可知文章主要介紹了睡眠過多會(huì)對身體造成一定程度的傷害。故選C項(xiàng)。

主題句在短文中間：關(guān)注一些表征強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞：如:“but, yet, however, in fact, indeed,”等，這些詞后面連接的通常都是一段話的主題句。比如文章第4小題，考查文章主旨大意：

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A. It is necessary to save enough time for sleep.

B. Too much sleep can result in gaining weight.

C. Sleeping too much does harm to people's health.

D. People can avoid sleeping much by eating healthily.

在做此道題目時(shí)，文章已經(jīng)閱讀完畢，可以理解出文章結(jié)構(gòu)為總分結(jié)構(gòu)，即第一段為主題段落，在第一段末尾部分由but句存在：But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much 即為文章主題句。故該題的答案為C項(xiàng)。