【題目】短文改錯(cuò)
假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文, 請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的一下作文。 文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤, 每句中最多兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(︿),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)(\)劃掉
修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線(xiàn),并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞
注意:1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞;
2、只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
Dear Ms. J. K. Rowling,
It is great pleasure to write to you. I like reading all of your Harry Potter book. A few days before, I listened to a radio programme about you. Now I know that you teach English at home and in others countries before you started writing books. I also know that you could only write the first book while your baby daughter was asleep, so you worked on them for five years. That was a very much difficult job. Your son David and your daughter Jessica must be proud for you. I hope I can become as successfully as you when I grow up. Thank you for spending time read my letter.
Yours sincerely,
Michele
【1】【2】【3】【4】【5】
【6】【7】【8】【9】【10】
【答案】
【解析】
試題這是一封寫(xiě)給Harry Porter作者的一封信,作者表達(dá)了自己喜歡對(duì)方的作品并感激對(duì)方的付出。
【1】great前面加a 考查冠詞,pleasure指快的的事,應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾,故great前面加a。
【2】book改成books 考查名詞。根據(jù)book前是all of,后面應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故book改成books
【3】before改成ago 考查副詞。根據(jù)前文是a few days ago指從現(xiàn)在算起的幾天之前,故before改成ago
【4】teach改為taught 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故teach改為taught。
【5】others改為other 考查形容詞。根據(jù)other后市名詞countries,應(yīng)用形容詞,故others改為other。
【6】very much去掉much 考查副詞。very much修飾動(dòng)詞,修飾形容詞的原級(jí),用very,故very much去掉much。
【7】them改為it 考查代詞,根據(jù)前文指的是這本書(shū),故them改為it
【8】for改為of 考查固定短語(yǔ),根據(jù)be proud of為……感到驕傲。故for改為of
【9】successfully改為successful 考查形容詞,根據(jù)become是系動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)用形容詞,故successfully改為successful
【10】read改為reading 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)短語(yǔ)spend time doing sth花時(shí)間做某事,故read改為reading
關(guān)于改錯(cuò)題的建議
1.名詞和限制詞的搭配
主要涉及可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞與冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞的錯(cuò)誤搭配,以及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)的誤用。如【2】book改成books 考查名詞。根據(jù)book前是all of,后面應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故book改成books
2.動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
常出現(xiàn)在總體時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去或現(xiàn)在時(shí)中間雜有另一時(shí)態(tài)的現(xiàn)象,以及動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)形式、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的誤用。如. 【4】teach改為taught 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故teach改為taught。
3.代詞的誤用
主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯(cuò)用。如男性用了女性代詞,單數(shù)用了復(fù)數(shù)代詞或相反;應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞性的物主代詞用了名詞性等。
4.數(shù)詞的誤用
主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯(cuò)用,以及hundred, thousand, dozen, score等詞和具體數(shù)量詞連用時(shí)的用法以及表示約數(shù)的用法。
5.形容詞與副詞
主要涉及到形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)的誤用,以及形容詞和副詞的誤用以及名詞和形容詞的混用等。如【9】successfully改為successful 考查形容詞,根據(jù)become是系動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)用形容詞,故successfully改為successful
6.考查英語(yǔ)中的并列現(xiàn)象
在一些英語(yǔ)中的并列結(jié)構(gòu)中沒(méi)有用并列的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),如并列連詞連接的兩個(gè)部分等。
7.考查上下文的邏輯關(guān)系
but, and, so,however, otherwise等一些并列連詞和連接副詞的誤用。before, after, when, until, since等狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的誤用等。還有肯定和否定的誤用等。
8.一些相似結(jié)構(gòu)的誤用
如used to do, be used to do, be used to doing等結(jié)構(gòu)的誤用。
9.慣用法的搭配
改錯(cuò)步驟
上述9個(gè)方面,同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲱}時(shí)只要稍加留意,找出錯(cuò)誤的比率就會(huì)增大很多。做短文改錯(cuò)題時(shí)一般遵循以下幾個(gè)步驟:
1.先通讀全文。認(rèn)真閱讀短文,在做題之前確保已經(jīng)弄清原文大意。注意文章中上下文的邏輯關(guān)系是否正確,時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)、主謂、指代等是否一致。
2.聚焦出題熱點(diǎn)、綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí),分句(注意以句子為單位而不是以行為單位)對(duì)不同的錯(cuò)誤情況進(jìn)行分析和回答(即改詞、加詞或減詞)。
3.再次通讀全文,校對(duì)自己的改正是否正確。一般各種改錯(cuò)的方式都應(yīng)該用到,如果出現(xiàn)了某一種改法(如加詞、減詞等)沒(méi)有用到,要考慮自己的改錯(cuò)應(yīng)該有問(wèn)題,要對(duì)剛才不是很有把握的行進(jìn)行推敲。在自己認(rèn)為正確的行后劃勾,并且校對(duì)其他行改正的符號(hào)是否準(zhǔn)確,大小寫(xiě)是否拼寫(xiě)正確(這點(diǎn)同學(xué)們很容易忽視)。如果某一行有兩種改錯(cuò)方式要推敲哪一種是最佳改法。
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