【題目】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入 1 個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
In late April 2014, a 【1】 (violence) storm swept through the southern United States, destroying more than $ 1 billion in property and killing 35 people. But a group of migratory(遷徙的) birds in eastern Tennessee sensed the oncoming mess and left long before the first clouds arrived. A year 【2】 (early), the team had tagged golden-winged warblers ( 鶯 ) with leg trackers 【3】 (study) their annual migrations to South America. Two days before the storms 【4】 (strike),five golden-winged warblers slipped away, traveling nearly 700 kilometers south to the Florida coast.
It's the first time that the birds which normally migrate with the seasons 【5】 (observe) to slip away when a big storm hits. The researchers suspect this 【6】 (behave) occurs only when the threat of injury outweighs the energy costs of a long trip. But nobody knows 【7】 the birds guessed the storm's severity and left so soon. Puzzled by it, the scientists initially reasoned that delicate changes in weather — atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind speed, cloud cover, or rainfall signaled 【8】 upcoming disaster. Yet when they checked weather records, none of these factors waved significantly 【9】 the storm. Instead, the team assumes that the 【10】 (approach) storms created a disorder of infrasounds—low-frequency sound waves that birds can hear, but humans can't.
【答案】
【1】violent
【2】earlier
【3】to study
【4】struck
【5】have been observed
【6】behavior
【7】how
【8】the
【9】before
【10】approaching
【解析】
本文是說明文。2014年4月下旬在一場暴風(fēng)雨席卷美國南部的時候,科學(xué)家之前在腿上戴了跟蹤器的5只金翅鷹飛走了?茖W(xué)家們對鳥兒是如何猜到暴風(fēng)雨的嚴(yán)重程度這一問題感到疑惑不解。他們認(rèn)為是即將來臨的風(fēng)暴產(chǎn)生的一種紊亂的低頻聲波,鳥兒可以聽到,而人類卻不能。
【1】考查形容詞。句意:2014年4月下旬,一場猛烈的暴風(fēng)雨席卷了美國南部。修飾名詞storm,應(yīng)該用形容詞;violence是名詞, 形容詞為violent。故填violent。
【2】考查形容詞比較等級。句意:一年前,研究小組給金翅鶯戴上了腿部追蹤器。根據(jù)句意,此處是指“與現(xiàn)在相比更早的時間”,因此用形容詞比較級;early的比較級為earlier。故填earlier。
【3】考查非謂語動詞。句意: 一年前,研究小組給金翅鶯戴上了腿部追蹤器,以研究他們每年向南美的遷徙情況。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),此處用不定式作目的狀語,意思為“為了…...”。故填to study。
【4】考查時態(tài)。句意:風(fēng)暴襲擊前兩天,五只金翅鶯溜走了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),所填詞是謂語動詞;全文敘述的是過去的事情,用一般過去時;strike是不規(guī)則變化動詞,過去式為struck。故填struck。
【5】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意: 這是第一次觀察到通常隨季節(jié)遷徙的鳥類在大風(fēng)暴來襲時會飛走。句型It is the first time that…“這是第一次….”,that后的從句用現(xiàn)在完成時;主語the birds和observe之間是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系,因此用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。故填have been observed。
【6】考查名詞。句意:研究人員懷疑,這種行為只有在傷害的威脅大于長途旅行的能量消耗時才會發(fā)生。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),所填詞在句子中做主語,應(yīng)該用名詞;behave是動詞,名詞形式為behavior。故填behavior。
【7】考查從屬連詞。句意: 但沒人知道鳥兒是怎么猜到風(fēng)暴的嚴(yán)重程度,那么快就離開了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),空后是knows賓語從句,所填詞是賓語從句的連接詞;根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)該為“鳥兒怎樣猜測到暴風(fēng)雨的嚴(yán)重程度”,因此用how引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填how。
【8】考查冠詞。句意:科學(xué)家們對此感到困惑,他們最初認(rèn)為是天氣的微妙變化——氣 壓、溫度、風(fēng)速、云量或降雨——預(yù)示著這場即將到來的災(zāi)難。此處用定冠詞the 表示特指,指上文提到的災(zāi)難。故填the。
【9】考查介詞。句意: 然而,當(dāng)他們檢查天氣記錄時,這些因素中沒有一個在風(fēng)暴之前發(fā)生了明顯的波動。上文提到“upcoming disaster(即將到來的災(zāi)難)”,根據(jù)常理,應(yīng)該是 “在暴風(fēng)雨前”沒有跡象。 故填before。
【10】考查形容詞。句意:相反,該小組認(rèn)為,即將來臨的風(fēng)暴產(chǎn)生一種不規(guī)則的次聲低頻聲波,鳥類可以聽到,但人類不能。修飾名詞storms,前面應(yīng)該是定語;approach是動詞,用形容詞approaching做定語,意思為“即將來臨的”。故填approaching。
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