Question

【題目】 Scientists may have found a way to reduce shortage of type O blood. Type O is the kind of blood that hospitals most often need. What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.

There are four main kinds of blood. Most people born with one of these four: Type A,Type B, Type AB or Type O. Type O can be safely given to anyone. So it is commonly used when a person is injured or sick and has to have blood.

The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules(分子). These molecules are found on the surface of the cells.They are known as antigens (抗原). These antigens are found with type A, B and AB blood but not with type O.

More than twenty-five years ago, scientists found that the antigens could be removed to create what they called universal-type cells. They could be removed with chemicals called enzymes(酶). But large amounts of enzymes were required to make the change.

Doctor Henrik Clausen of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark led the study. The next step, he says, is to complete safety tests. The team is working with the American company ZymeQuest to test the new method. If it meets safety requirements(*k)and is not too costly,it could become a widely used life-saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood.

【1】How do scientists deal with the problem of lacking type O blood?

A.Hope more people to donate type O blood.

B.Make the most of the present type O blood.

C.Develop new ways of using type O blood.

D.Make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.

【2】What make people have different kinds of blood?

A.Sugar molecules in red blood cells.

B.People's different living conditions.

C.Peoples various immune systems.

D.The variety of peoples cells and genes.

【3】What can we infer from the text?

A.Type O blood can be safely given to anyone

B.Antigens could easily be removed to create universal blood.

C.A Danish company wanted to involve itself in studying blood.

D.The new method is not safe enough to be put into use in hospitals now.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A.Four different kinds of blood

B.A new way to make type O blood

C.The latest research on blood type

D.Find the proper type of blood

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了目前科學(xué)家正在測(cè)試的一種新的O型血的制造方法，這一方法可以解決醫(yī)院和血庫(kù)中O型血的匱乏問(wèn)題。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段中的What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood. 研究人員正在測(cè)試的是一種更容易的方法，從其他類型的血液來(lái)制造O型血液。可知，科學(xué)家通過(guò)使用其它類型的血液來(lái)制造O型血，以解決O型的短缺。選項(xiàng)D用其它類型的血液來(lái)制造O型血。切題，故選D。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段中的The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules(分子). 血型之間的差異與紅血球細(xì)胞是否含有某些類型的糖分子有關(guān)。可知，血液之所以有不同的類型是因?yàn)槟承┘t血球細(xì)胞中的糖分子。題目問(wèn)：什么決定了人具有不同的血型？選項(xiàng)A紅血球細(xì)胞中的糖分子。切題，故選A。

【3】推理判斷題。最后一段的The next step, he says, is to complete safety tests. The team is working with the American company ZymeQuest to test the new method. If it meets safety requirements and is not too costly ,it could become a widely used life-saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood.他說(shuō)，下一步是完成安全測(cè)試。該團(tuán)隊(duì)正與美國(guó)公司ZymeQuest合作，測(cè)試新方法。如果符合安全要求，而且價(jià)格不貴，它可能會(huì)增加全球血液的供應(yīng)，被廣泛應(yīng)用來(lái)救助生命�？芍�，新的方法還沒(méi)有完成安全測(cè)試，由于安全性還不確定，還沒(méi)有投入使用。選項(xiàng)D新的方法還沒(méi)有安全到現(xiàn)在就能投入到醫(yī)院里使用。切題，故選D。

【4】主旨大意題。文章一開(kāi)始的What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.（研究人員正在測(cè)試的是一種更容易的方法，從其他類型的血液來(lái)制造O型血液。）就告訴了文章要介紹的是一種新的制造O型血的方法，這就是文章的中心大意，文章標(biāo)題要體現(xiàn)其大意，選項(xiàng)B一種制造O型血的新方法。切題，故選B。