We all remember seeing hitchhikers, standing by the side of the road, thumb, sticking out, waiting for a lift. But it is getting rare nowadays. What killed hitchhiking? Safety is often mentioned as a reason. Movies about murderous hitchhikers and real-life crime have put many drivers off picking up hitchhikers. That no single women picked me up on my journey to Manchester no doubt reflects the safety fear: a large, strangely dressed man is seen as dangerous.

But the reason may be more complex: hitchhiking happens where people don’t have cars and transport services are poor. Plenty of people still hitchhike in Poland and Romania. Perhaps the rising level of car ownership in the UK means the few people lift hitchhiking are usually considered strange. Why can’t they afford cars? Why can’t they take the coach or the train?

Three-quarters of the UK population have access to a car; many of the remainder will be quite old. The potential hitchhiking population is therefore small. Yet my trip proves it’s still possible to hitchhike. The people who picked me up were very interesting-lawyer, retired surgeon, tank commander, carpenter, man who live in an isolated farmhouse and a couple living up in the mountains. My conclusion is that only really interesting people are mad enough to pick up fat blokes in red, spotted scarves. Most just wanted to do someone a good turn; a few said they were so surprised to see a hitchhiker that they couldn’t help stopping.

The future of hitchhiking most likely lies with car-sharing organized over the Internet, via sites such as hitchhikers.org. But for now, you can still stick your thumb out (actually, I didn’t do much of that, preferring just to hold up my destination sign) and people-wonderful, caring, sharing, unafraid people-will stop.

In the UK, with its cheap coaches and reasonable rail service, I don’t think I’ll make a habit of it. But having enjoyed it so much, I’m ready now to do a big trip across Europe and beyond. In the 1970s a female friend of my wife’s hitchhiked to India. How wonderful it would be to have another go, though Afghanistan might be a challenge. I wish I’d got that tank commander’s mobile number.

1.The author tried to hitchhike but was rejected by single women drivers because          .

A．they were not heading towards Manchester

B．they thought most hitchhikers were dangerous

C．hitchhiking had been handed and they didn’t want to break the law

D．he was a strong man in strange clothes who seemed dangerous

2.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Movies have discouraged people from hitchhiking

B．Car ownership levels are lower in Romania than in the UK.

C．25% of UK people don’t have access to cars.

D．Increased car ownership has reduced the need for hitchhiking.

3.The “fat blokes in red, spotted scarves” in Paragraph 3 most likely means    .

A．murderous hitchhikers

B．friendly and talkative hitchhikers

C．typical hitchhikers

D．strange hitchhikers like the author

4.According to the author, future hitchhikers are more likely to                .

A．visit websites and find people to share cars with

B．stand by roads with their thumbs sticking out

C．stick out signs with their destinations written on

D．wait for some kind people to pick them up

5.From the last paragraph, we know that the author         .

A．frequently hitchhikes in Britain

B．plans to hitchhike across Europe

C．thinks public transport is safer for travel

D．is going to contact the tank commander

 

【答案】

1.D

2.A

3.D

4.A

5.B

【解析】文章討論的是為什么搭便車(chē)這種現(xiàn)象越來(lái)越少？并給出了令人信服的原因。

1.D 推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一行a large, strangely dressed man is seen as dangerous可知他很高大穿著很奇怪的衣服人讓他看起來(lái)很危險(xiǎn)，這讓單身的女司機(jī)不敢讓他搭便車(chē)，故D正確。

2.A 推理題。根據(jù)第二段第一句But the reason may be more complex可知作者認(rèn)為搭便車(chē)這種現(xiàn)象越來(lái)越來(lái)的原因很復(fù)雜，不僅僅是第一段中提到的電影的問(wèn)題。故A正確。

3.D 推理題。文章第二段中提及他自己來(lái)路邊搭便車(chē)，結(jié)果沒(méi)有人愿意帶他。原因也許是因?yàn)樗拈L(zhǎng)相和衣著。第三段中My conclusion is that only really interesting people are mad enough to pick up fat blokes in red, spotted scarves. pick up停車(chē)接的也許就是我這樣穿著和長(zhǎng)相的人，故D正確。

4.A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段1,2行The future of hitchhiking most likely lies with car-sharing organized over the Internet, via sites such as hitchhikers.org.可知在未來(lái)，人們可能在通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)尋找搭車(chē)的人。故A正確。

5.B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段2,3行I’m ready now to do a big trip across Europe and beyond.可知他打算靠搭車(chē)環(huán)游歐洲。故B正確。

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2011屆四川省成都七中高三上學(xué)期第三次月考英語(yǔ)卷 題型：閱讀理解

HOW would you like to step into the world of other people’s dreams? That’s just what Dom Cobb (Leonardo DiCaprio) does. His work is to steal secrets from people when they are asleep and dreaming. He has an even rarer ability: He can plant an idea in someone’s sleeping mind, and watch it grow and take root in reality. This ability is called inception.
The movie Inception (《盜夢(mèng)空間》) was on show in Chinese cinemas not long ago. It is imaginative, of course. The movie leads one to wonder just how much we know about dreams. For years, scientists and researchers have been trying to solve sleep’s greatest mystery.
Is it possible to enter someone’s dreaming mind? In the movie, DiCaprio uses a drug and a dream machine to put a scenario (某一特定情節(jié)) into someone’s sleeping mind. He then goes to sleep himself, connected to the machine, and enters the other person’s dream.
In real life, there is a machine that can read someone’s mind. A brain scanner takes pictures of brain activity, and then the software recreates images of what the person was looking at.
Researchers say it may be possible one day to record someone’s dream – without the danger (or the fun) of actually sharing that dream.
What’s a dream, anyway? A dream is a group of images and sounds our brain creates when we’re sleeping. In the 1950s, researchers discovered a sleeping condition that happened around every 90 to 120 minutes during sleep: rapid eye movement, or REM. During this period you’re fast asleep, yet your eyes move around quickly under your eyelids (眼皮) and your brain is nearly as active as during the day. That’s when most dreams happen.
What do dreams mean? Dreams are not always filled with meaning. Sometimes dreams are just your mind playing with thoughts and images from your life, or things you may have read or seen on TV. But at other times, dreams show things that you want to achieve in real life, or things that cause you trouble or stress.
【小題1】The movie Inception is mentioned at the beginning of the article to ______.

A．encourage readers to watch the movie
B．tell readers about people with special dreaming abilities
C．inform readers about the science of dreams
D．warn reader about the threat of dream stealers
【小題2】According to the article, how does a brain scanner work?
A．It records dreams.
B．It uses a special drug that causes no pain.
C．It finds out what dreams mean.
D．It takes pictures of brain activity and recreates images.
【小題3】 According to the article, which of the following statements about REM sleep is TRUE?
A．Most dreams occur in REM sleep.
B．Over the last ten years scientists have solved the mystery of REM sleep.
C．People always remember what they have dreamed in a REM sleep.
D．People can have REM sleep all night.
【小題4】 The article claims that ______.
A．dreams tell us a lot about a person’s character
B．dreams are connected to real life
C．dreams are useful and help keep our brains active
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If you dream in color, you’re not alone: the majority of people today claim to have colorful dreams. But it wasn’t always thus. Research conducted in the early part of the last century consistently found that people reported dreaming most often in black and white.
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The first is the methods used in the researches. The early studies tended to use questionnaires（問(wèn)卷）, while more modern studies use dream diaries (filled in upon rising in the morning) or so-called “REM-awakening”, which involves interrupting people’s dream-filled periods of sleep to find out what they were dreaming about. People’s memories of their dreams are likely to be less accurate by using the questionnaire approach and they are more likely to reflect their beliefs about the form dreams generally take in an unclear way.
The second explanation has to do with black and white television and film. It's possible that the sudden increase in black and white film and television during the first half of the last century either affected the form of people’s dreams at that time, or affected their beliefs about the form dreams generally take.
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Another finding was that older participants reported black and white dreams and colorful dreams to be of equal clearness. By contrast, the younger participants reported that the quality of black and white dreams was poorer. This raises the possibility that the younger participants didn’t really have any black and white dreams at all, but were simply regarding poorly remembered dreams as black and white.
【小題1】We learn from the text that ______.

A．people in the first half of the last century never had colorful dreams
B．older people are more likely to have black and white dreams
C．the dreams of younger people are always colorful
D．people today don’t have white and black dreams any more
【小題2】What did Murxyn do to find out the explanations for the colors in people’s dreams?
A．She applied both questionnaire and diary methods to study people’s dreams.
B．She used diary methods to record people’s dreams.
C．She chose 60 people to answer her questions about their dreams.
D．She woke people up to record the colors of their dreams.
【小題3】What does the underlined expression “carry more weight” in paragraph 5 mean?
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A．both older people and younger people could report colorful dreams clearly
B．young people don’t have any black and white dreams in fact
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If you dream in color, you’re not alone: the majority of people today claim to have colorful dreams. But it wasn’t always thus. Research conducted in the early part of the last century consistently found that people reported dreaming most often in black and white.

According to Eva Murzyn at the University of Dundee, there are at least two possible explanations for this strange situation.

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According to Murzyn’s findings, it’s the explanation based on media exposure that carries more weight. She used both questionnaire and diary methods to study the dreams of 30 older (average age 64) and 30 younger people (average age 21).

The methodological technique made no difference to the type of dreams people reported. However, the extremely important thing was that, across both questionnaires and diaries, the older participants (who had had significant early life exposure to black and white media) reported experiencing significantly more black and white dreams over the last ten days than the younger participants (22 per cent vs. 4 per cent).

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       A. people in the first half of the last century never had colorful dreams

       B. older people are more likely to have black and white dreams

       C. the dreams of younger people are always colorful

       D. people today don’t have white and black dreams any more

2.What did Murxyn do to find out the explanations for the colors in people’s dreams?

       A. She applied both questionnaire and diary methods to study people’s dreams.

       B. She used diary methods to record people’s dreams.

       C. She chose 60 people to answer her questions about their dreams.

       D. She woke people up to record the colors of their dreams.

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4.From Murxyn’s findings we can infer that ______.

       A. both older people and younger people could report colorful dreams clearly

       B. young people don’t have any black and white dreams in fact

       C. the color of a person’s dream is decided by one’s age

       D. it is probably the color of media that affects the color of one’s dream

 

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         A．People full of imagination．              B．People suffering sleeping problems．

         C．People having access to the Internet． D．People having bad lifestyles．

2.Why did the three graduate students imagine a smart alarm clock?

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         D．To enjoy their life while working at night．

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         A．spent much time and money           B．were widely supported by scientists

         C．worked by themselves all the time        D．a(chǎn)ttracted many investors

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         A．Zeo has a direct effect on users' lifestyles．

         B．It needs more personal efforts to make Zeo function better．

         C．A large quantity of Zeo devices have been sold in Australia．

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HOW would you like to step into the world of other people’s dreams? That’s just what Dom Cobb (Leonardo DiCaprio) does. His work is to steal secrets from people when they are asleep and dreaming. He has an even rarer ability: He can plant an idea in someone’s sleeping mind, and watch it grow and take root in reality. This ability is called inception.

The movie Inception (《盜夢(mèng)空間》) was on show in Chinese cinemas not long ago. It is imaginative, of course. The movie leads one to wonder just how much we know about dreams. For years, scientists and researchers have been trying to solve sleep’s greatest mystery.

Is it possible to enter someone’s dreaming mind? In the movie, DiCaprio uses a drug and a dream machine to put a scenario (某一特定情節(jié)) into someone’s sleeping mind. He then goes to sleep himself, connected to the machine, and enters the other person’s dream.

In real life, there is a machine that can read someone’s mind. A brain scanner takes pictures of brain activity, and then the software recreates images of what the person was looking at.

Researchers say it may be possible one day to record someone’s dream – without the danger (or the fun) of actually sharing that dream.

What’s a dream, anyway? A dream is a group of images and sounds our brain creates when we’re sleeping. In the 1950s, researchers discovered a sleeping condition that happened around every 90 to 120 minutes during sleep: rapid eye movement, or REM. During this period you’re fast asleep, yet your eyes move around quickly under your eyelids (眼皮) and your brain is nearly as active as during the day. That’s when most dreams happen.

What do dreams mean? Dreams are not always filled with meaning. Sometimes dreams are just your mind playing with thoughts and images from your life, or things you may have read or seen on TV. But at other times, dreams show things that you want to achieve in real life, or things that cause you trouble or stress.

1.The movie Inception is mentioned at the beginning of the article to ______.

       A. encourage readers to watch the movie

       B. tell readers about people with special dreaming abilities

       C. inform readers about the science of dreams

       D. warn reader about the threat of dream stealers

2.According to the article, how does a brain scanner work?

       A. It records dreams.

       B. It uses a special drug that causes no pain.

       C. It finds out what dreams mean.

       D. It takes pictures of brain activity and recreates images.

3. According to the article, which of the following statements about REM sleep is TRUE?

       A. Most dreams occur in REM sleep.

       B. Over the last ten years scientists have solved the mystery of REM sleep.

       C. People always remember what they have dreamed in a REM sleep.

       D. People can have REM sleep all night.

4. The article claims that ______.

       A. dreams tell us a lot about a person’s character

       B. dreams are connected to real life

       C. dreams are useful and help keep our brains active

       D. dreams are usually about meaningful things

 

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