10.At one time it was the dream of many little girls to become a nurse.Today,however,America is facing its worst nurse shortage since World War I.Recently about 2,000,000nurses are needed and 60percent of all hospitals in the US have shortages large enough to threaten the quality of care provided.The demand for nurses spreads widely throughout the nursing field.
What has become of these women in white?The answer lies in not one but several causes.One possibility is the fact that women have greater career options(職業(yè)選擇).In the past,women who chose to work outside the home had two basic choices:nursing or teaching.Today,more women than ever are in the work force,but their options have greatly increased.There are women doctors,lawyers,firefighters and police officers.In fact,women today are found in nearly every field of work.Nursing has been left behind,as women move on to jobs with higher pay and greater status(地位).A woman or man in the nursing field is often looked down upon as"merely a nurse".Teachers may be also at fault.Many high school students are actually being persuaded to keep away from nursing,told by teachers that they are"too bright to be a nurse".
Americans are living longer than ever and requiring more medical attention.In fact,the number of elderly patients has almost doubled in the past twenty years.Obviously a larger population requires more nurses.AIDS and other diseases have caused more and more people to need nursing care.Usually fatal diseases mean long drawn-out hospital stay,that is to say,more nurses are needed to care for these patients.It is said that the demand for nurses will be doubled in the coming ten years.
5.What are the main factors that are responsible for the shortage of nurses in America?C
A.Women are better educated and provided with more different jobs than men.
B.More women are clever enough to be doctors,lawyers and police officers.
C.Greater career options are offered for women and more patients require nurse care
D.There are more diseases and nurses are badly paid and looked down upon.
6.The passage tells us that high school teachers are to blame forB.
A.not mentioning the worst nurse shortage in the US
B.a(chǎn)dvising the students not to choose to be nurses
C.introducing jobs with higher pay and greater status to their students
D.not asking the government to raise the nurses'payment
7.The author wrote this passage in order toC.
A.describe the unequal treatment of women in the US
B.tell us women's free choice of jobs today in America
C.draw people's attention to the nursing shortage problem
D.call on more women to be nurses after graduating from high school
8.Which of the following is true according to the passage?C
A.High school students think themselves too bright to be nurses.
B.Women in the US have greater career choice than in other countries.
C.Nursing used to be an ideal job for women in the US at one time.
D.60percent of hospitals in the world are faced with nurse shortage.
分析 本文是一篇說明文,文章主要介紹第一次世界大戰(zhàn)后,美國護士職業(yè)率顯著降低,其中一個原因是同過去相比,婦女有更多的職業(yè)選擇,并且護士這一行業(yè)在教育領(lǐng)域受到冷落.然而美國無論現(xiàn)在還是將來,為滿足醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域?qū)ψo士的大量需求,需要更多的就業(yè)者步入護士行業(yè),文章旨在呼吁人們重視護士短缺的問題.
解答 5-8 CBCC
5.C 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段的"The answer lies in not one but several causes.One possibility is the fact that women have greater career options(職業(yè)選擇)."可知,婦女有越來越多的職業(yè)選擇,即C項中的婦女被提供許多不同的工作.故選C.
6.B 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段的"Many high school students are actually away from nursing,told by teachers that they are"toobright to be a nurse"可知,許多高中學生實際上之所以遠離護理,是因為老師告訴他們"你們太聰明了,當一名護士是不值得的".故選B.
7.C 推理判斷題.根據(jù)第一段的"Recently about2,000,000 nurses are needed and 60 percent of all hospitals in the US haveshortages,large enough to threaten the quality of care provided"可知,目前,在美國60%的醫(yī)院護士短缺,將要威脅醫(yī)療護理的質(zhì)量.由此可以看出作者想讓人們重視護士缺乏的問題.故選C.
8.C 推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段的"told by teachersthat they are"too bright to be a nurse""是老師說的而不是學生說的,排除A;B項文章沒提,故排除;第一段的"60 percentof all hospitals in the US have shortages"是說美國60%的醫(yī)院護士短缺,而不是全世界的醫(yī)院,故排除D項;第二段的"In thepast,women who chose to work outside the home had two basic choices:nursingor teaching."過去婦女到外面找工作,經(jīng)常選擇護士和教師.故選C.
點評 解答細節(jié)理解題時,一個常用的方法就是運用定位法,即根據(jù)題干和選項中的關(guān)鍵詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子,與選項進行比較從而確定答案;推理判斷題既要求學生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思,又要求學生對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷,力求從作者的角度去考慮,不要固守自己的看法或觀點.