12.Like most creatures on earth,humans come equipped with a circadian clock (生物鐘),a roughly 24-hour internal timer that keeps our sleep patterns in agreement with our planet,at least until genetics,age and our personal habits get in the way.Even though the average adult needs eight hours of sleep per night,there are"short-sleepers,"who need far less,and morning people,who,research shows,often come from families of other morning people.Then there's the rest of us who rely on alarm clocks.
For those who fantasize about greeting the dawn,there is hope.Sleep experts say that with a little training,well actually,a lot of traning,most people can reset their circadian clocks.But it's not as simple as forcing yourself to go to bed earlier,for you can't make a wide-awake brain sleep.It requires inducing (誘導(dǎo)) a sort of jet lag without leaving your time zone.And sticking it out until your body clock resets itself.And then not resetting it again.
To start,move up your wake-up time by 20minutes a day.If you regularly rise at 8a.m.,but really want to get moving at 6a.m.,set the alarm for 7:40on Monday.The next day,set it for 7:20and so on.Then,after you wake up,don't stay in bed.Hit yourself with light.In theory,you'll gradually get sleepy about 20minutes earlier each night,and you can facilitate the transition by avoiding extra light exposure from computers or televisions as you near bedtime.
But recalibrating your inner clock requires more commitment than many people care to give.For some,it's almost impossible.Very early risers and longtime night owls (貓頭鷹) have a hard time ever changing.Night-shift workers also struggle because they don't get the environmental and social cues that help adjust the circadian clock.
Besides computer screens,the biggest trouble for an aspiring person is weekend.Staying up later on Friday or sleeping in on sends the brain an entirely new set of scheduling priorities.By Monday,a 6a.m.a(chǎn)larm will feel like 4a.m..If the old phase was entrained for a long time,the biology has a kind of memory.In other words,it takes self-discipline.
63.According to the passage,a circadian clock usuallyA.
A.regulates one's sleep patterns
B.a(chǎn)ffects one's personal habits
C.determines one's sleep qualities
D.replaces an alarm clock
64.For those who want to get up earlier,C.
A.there is no possibility
B.it takes little effort
C.it needs to creat a feeling of jet lag
D.the best way is to go to bed earlier
65.To form the habit of getting up 2hours eralier,you'd betterC.
A.get up immediately you wake up
B.a(chǎn)void light exposure when you wake up
C.start by setting your alram clock for exactly the time
D.force yourself to go to bed as eraly as possible
66.Which of the following factors may affect one's change of a circadian clock most?D
A.Light.
B.Computer.
C.Television.
D.Weekend.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了和地球上大多數(shù)生物一樣,人類也有生物鐘,它負(fù)責(zé)調(diào)節(jié)我們的睡眠模式,因此想要改變我們的生物鐘,需要人為制造時(shí)差感,比如每天通過鬧鐘設(shè)置確切的時(shí)間等,但是電腦、電視等發(fā)出的亮光和周末熬夜都會(huì)影響我們的生物鐘,一定要注意.
解答 63.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第一段"a roughly 24-hour internal timer that keeps our sleep patterns in agreement with our planet",它就像一個(gè)大約24小時(shí)的內(nèi)部定時(shí)器,讓我們的睡眠模式與我們的星球相適應(yīng),可知生物鐘可以管理我們的睡眠模式;故選A.
64.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第二段"It requires inducing a sort of jet lag without leaving your time zone"這種訓(xùn)練需要人為制造一種時(shí)差感,但不必為此離開你的時(shí)區(qū);故選C.
65.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第三段"set the alarm for 7:40on Monday.The next day,set it for 7:20and so on",星期一就把鬧鐘定在7點(diǎn)40,星期二定在7點(diǎn)20,依此類推,故選C.
66.D.推理判斷題,根據(jù)文章最后一段"Staying up later on Friday or sleeping in on sends the brain an entirely new set of scheduling priorities",星期五晚上整晚熬夜或睡覺會(huì)向大腦發(fā)送一套全新的時(shí)間表,可推測(cè)周末會(huì)改變生物鐘;故選D.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.