Question

Gallows humor（黑色幽默）seem like a mistake, or at least in poor taste. But psychologists say that gallows humor can be an important way to relieve stress. “Humor makes you feel in control and it can give you that feeling that everything is okay even when it's not,” says James M. Jones, a psychology professor at the University of Delaware.
Psychologists say that just because you're laughing doesn't mean you’re wasting time. Occasional teasing among colleagues, particularly if it revolves around things associated with the job, can boost creativity, departmental cohesiveness（凝聚力）and performance.
“There are a lot of stressors out there,” says Ed Dunkelblau, a psychologist with the Institute for Emotionally Intelligent Learning in Chicago. “But gallows humor is a way of making difficult things a little less difficult.”
This is true as long as the humor is used for the right purpose. The main point of it should be inspiring people --- not laughing at them. “Anything that would lift morale（士氣）in terms of the company would be good humor,” says Thierry Guedj, a professor of business and psychology at Boston University. “Before you say or do anything, think about, ‘How is this helping my employees’ morale?’”
You want to give your employees and co-workers a sense of belonging, so don’t make observations that are aggressive. Most obviously, Dr Guedj says, don’t make comments about people’s physical appearance, or faith. If you have any doubt, it's appropriate, don't go through with it.
Or you can take aim at the one person you know won't be offended（冒犯）:Yourself. “If there's going to be a joke or story, it should be you,” Mr. Dunkelblau says. For example, if you're a marketing manager reviewing a failed campaign that you led, begin with a line like, “The guy who gave permission to this deal might just be looking for work next week.”
“People with the ability to laugh at themselves can give other people permission to laugh at themselves too,” Mr. Jones says. “And if you can laugh at yourself, you feel better about yourself.”
小題1:According to the text, gallows humor has the following functions EXCEPT ________.

A．reducing pressure

B．improving performance

C．making people more creative

D．leading to a big mistake

小題2:What is Ed Dunkelblau’s attitude towards gallows humor?

A．Positive.

B．Negative.

C．Neutral.

D．Uncertain.

小題3:Which of the following would Dr. Guedj most probably agree with?

A．Gallows humor is the basic source of morale.

B．Gallows humor allows people to laugh at others.

C．Gallows humor may sometimes be used for the wrong purpose.

D．Anything that may lift morale can be called gallows humor.

小題4:When people use gallows humor, they should ________.

A．observe who is aggressive

B．show a sense of belonging

C．doubt about the result of humors

D．try to avoid irritating others

小題5:What can we infer from the text?

A．People tend to laugh at others rather than themselves.

B．Laughing at ourselves can help relieve the stress of others.

C．People can’t avoid offending others with gallows humor.

D．People who laugh at themselves are hard to be friends with.

Answer 1

小題1:D
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:D
小題5:B

試題分析：本文主要講述的是幽默在人生中所起的巨大的作用，以及在展示幽默的時候，我們要注意的細(xì)節(jié)問題。
小題1:D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章1,2段內(nèi)容But psychologists say that gallows humor can be an important way to relieve stress. 和Occasional teasing among colleagues, particularly if it revolves around things associated with the job, can boost creativity, departmental cohesiveness（凝聚力）and performance.可知ABC三項都是幽默的巨大作用，只有D項文章沒有提及。故D正確。
小題2:A 推理題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“But gallows humor is a way of making difficult things a little less difficult.”可知幽默是讓困難的事情變得容易的一個方法，說明他對幽默持積極的態(tài)度。故A正確。
小題3:C 推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段前4行This is true as long as the humor is used for the right purpose. The main point of it should be inspiring people --- not laughing at them. “Anything that would lift morale（士氣）in terms of the company would be good humor,” says Thierry Guedj,可知他認(rèn)為只要幽默被用于好正當(dāng)?shù)姆矫娴臅r候，就會有很好的作用。也就是說幽默曾經(jīng)被用于不好的地方。故C正確。
小題4:D 推理題。根據(jù)文章第五段so don’t make observations that are aggressive. Most obviously, Dr Guedj says, don’t make comments about people’s physical appearance, or faith. If you have any doubt, it's appropriate, don't go through with it.可知當(dāng)我們在展示幽默的時候，不要嘲笑別人的缺點，那樣會讓別人不愉快，也就說我們要避免冒犯到別人。故D正確。
小題5:B 推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“People with the ability to laugh at themselves can give other people permission to laugh at themselves too,” Mr. Jones says. “And if you can laugh at yourself, you feel better about yourself.”可知自我解嘲可以緩解別人的壓力。故B正確。
點評：本文主要講述的是幽默在人生中所起的巨大的作用，以及在展示幽默的時候，我們要注意的細(xì)節(jié)問題。本文要求考生在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎(chǔ)上，把握文章的真正內(nèi)涵。要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ);要對文字的表面信息進行挖掘加工，由表入里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從非凡到一般，通過分析、綜合、判定等，進行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理。不能就是論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。要忠實于原文，以文章提供的事實和線索為依據(jù)。