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Wolves travel in groups, and they perform almost all the other activities of their lives in the company of fellow wolves. This is one of the most important facts that modern science have learned about wolves and one of the things that most clearly explain their way of life.
The pack is usually a family group. It is made up of animals related to each other by blood. The centre of a pack is a pair of wolves----an adult male and female that have produced young. The other members of the pack are their offspring (后代): young wolves ranging in age from pups to two- and three-year-olds. Most packs have 6 or 7 members, although some may include as many as 15 wolves.
Relationships among creatures that live close together in groups are often very complex, and this is true of the ties that connect the members of a wolf pack. Scientific studies of captive(被捕獲的) wolves and wolf packs in the wild have shown that many complex rules of behavior seem to govern the way that the animals relate to each other.
When wolf pups are born into a pack, one of the most important things they must learn is the “l(fā)anguage” of the group, the method by which pack members keep in touch with each other, sharing information and communicating their feelings. Scientists have discovered that wolves have a very complex system of communication.
The most famous wolf sound is, of course, the howl, and it is a very important part of wolf language.
When people think about howling, they usually imagine a sad, lonely sound made by a wolf sitting all alone on a hilltop in the moonlight. However, this picture in most human beings’ mind is not completely true. Wolves howl at any time, not just at night, and they often howl together, not alone.
Group or chorus howling is another means by which the members of a wolf reaffirm(重申) their ties with each other and their closeness as a group. One wolf----often the male leader----will point its nose at the sky, open its mouth, and start to howl. Immediately the other members of the pack rush to stand beside him, shoulder to shoulder, and join their voices to his. Each wolf howls on its own note so that a big chorus of slightly different sounds is produced.
Chorus howling often takes place before a wolf pack goes out to hunt. At the end of a successful hunt, the pack may also celebrate with a group howl. While wolves are on the track of prey(獵物)，they are usually silent.
There are occasions when a wolf will howl by itself. This may happen when an animal is separated from the pack. Pack members seem to recognize each other’s voices and will keep responding to the howl of their wandering relative until the group is reunited.
Because howling is a sound that carries over a considerable distance, it is very useful in communications among separated members of a pack. Howling is also used when members of different packs have to get in touch with each other to pass on information about their locations and their purposes.
小題1:What makes communication the most important part of wolves’ lives?
A．Living in packsB．Hunting at night
C．Occupying a large areaD．Finding fellows
小題2:What most likely happens to young wolves after the age of four?
A．They leave the pack and live alone.
B．They leave the pack to form packs of their own.
C．They continue to live as part of the pack.
D．They take over the leadership from their parents.
小題3:How many members do most wolf packs consist of?
A．3—4B．4---5C．6---7D．10---15
小題4:To what human activity could wolves’ “chorus howling” best be compared?
A．A baby crying from hunger
B．A family having an argument
C．A group of people singing at a concert
D．A sports team cheering before a game
小題5:When will wolves howl according to the passage?
A．Only during the night.B．When separated from the pack
C．When there is moonlightD．While on their way to tracking prey

小題1:A
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:D
小題5:B

試題分析：本文為議論文，主要介紹了在北美兩派人對于狼的優(yōu)點與缺點所引起的辯論。一方認為狼應該被殺；另一方面認為狼必須受到保護以確保他們不會消失在荒野中。
小題1:主旨大意題。文章主要是介紹狼這種生物是依靠群居生活的，這是他們一切生命活動能夠進行的重要前提，所以選A
小題2:推斷題。根據第二段The other members of the pack are their offspring (后代): young wolves ranging in age from pups to two- and three-year-olds.可知4歲后的幼狼將不會繼續(xù)在狼群里生活，推斷可知他們是離開去建立自己的狼群，所以選B
小題3:細節(jié)題。根據第二段原句Most packs have 6 or 7 members可知狼群一般有6-7個成員，所以選C
小題4:推斷題。根據第七段Chorus howling often takes place before a wolf pack goes out to hunt. At the end of a successful hunt, the pack may also celebrate with a group howl可知狼的吼叫是表示鼓勵或是慶祝，因此它和人類的喝彩相似，所以選D
小題5:細節(jié)題。根據倒數第二段There are occasions when a wolf will howl by itself. This may happen when an animal is separated from the pack.可知一只狼會在和群體分離時吼叫，所以選B
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