12.(16)BWhen a starving man gets a meal,he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car,visions of country clubs and pleasure beats dance into view.
The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.(17)C.
The first and most basic level of wants involves food.Once this want is satisfied,a second level of wants appears:clothing and some sort of shelter.By the end of World War II these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans.(18)AIt included such items as automobile sand new houses.By 1957or 1958this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied.Then,in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared:the"life-enriching"level.While the other levels involve physical satisfaction-the feeding,comfort,safety,and transportation of the human body-this level stresses mental needs for recognition,achievement and happiness.It includes a variety of goods and services,many of which could be called"luxury"items.Among them are vacation trips,the best medical care,and entertainment.(19)FOn this level,a greater percentage of consumer spending goes to services,while on the first three levels more is spent on goods.Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases,or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?
A fifth level probably would involve wans that can be achieved best by community action.Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease,ignorance,crime and prejudice.(20)EIn this way,we can enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

A.Then a third level appeared.
B.Human wants seem endless.
C.When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants,another level appears.
D.There are several levels of wants in one's life.
E.At this stage,we now may seek to ensure the health,safety,and leisure.
F.Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.
G.Different people have different wants on each level.

分析 本文講述了人的欲望的不同的階段,以及不同的階段的不同的需要層次.

解答 BCAFE
16.B 細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)When a starving man gets a meal,he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car,visions of country clubs and pleasure beats dance into view.可知當(dāng)一個(gè)饑餓的人有飯吃,他開始想要外套,推出人想要的東西是無(wú)窮盡的,故選B.
17.C  考查上下文的理解和推理判斷能力.根據(jù)前一句The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.可知人的欲望被分為好幾個(gè)不同的等級(jí).橫線后面的內(nèi)容具體分析了不同的等級(jí)情況.故選C.
18.A 考查上下文的理解和推理判斷能力.根據(jù)前面的The first和a second level說(shuō)明本句提及的是第三個(gè)level.故選A.
19.F  考查上下文的理解和推理判斷能力.根據(jù)前句It includes a variety of goods and services,many of which could be called"luxury"(奢侈) items.Among them are vacation trips,the best medical care,and entertainment說(shuō)明在這一層次里包含了很多的奢侈要求,故選F.
20.E  考查上下文的理解和推理判斷能力.根據(jù)下句in this way,we can enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.說(shuō)明在這一階段消費(fèi)者要尋求的是更高層次的要求,故選E.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的推理判斷能力和聯(lián)系上下文的能力,在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.此類的填空題一定要聯(lián)系上下文,根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容加上自己的理解,再作出正確的判斷.

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