All plant cells are capable of taking up（吸收）water. Even dead ones do to a certain degree. Absorption（吸收）of water by dead cell walls makes wood become larger.
In common land plants, the living cells of roots take upmost of the water. Land plants without roots do exist, however. Those greenish-yellow lichens（苔蘚）you see on rocks in the high mountains have no roots. Half a billion years ago, when water plants started to enter the land, the first land plants did not have roots.
Even among the flowering plants, one finds rootless forms. These flowering plants are “the higher plants” because they evolved（進(jìn)化）recently and are thus considered higher on the evolutionary scale（進(jìn)化度）.
In the Peruvian desert, there grows one of these rootless higher plants, a bromeliad. It is a relative of the pineapple. Even if this plant had roots, they would be of no use, because where the plant grows, it never rains. The plant gets its water only from the dew（露水）it collects at night, when its leaves cool off. Such rootless plants, of course, can be moved with ease, but they will only grow when they are placed out in the open. If they are placed too near a house, the radiation from the heat of the house prevents the leaves from cooling and so prevents dew from forming, and the plant dies.
In the southern United States and in Puerto Rico, one sees bromeliads growing high above the streets on the insulation（絕緣物）of electric wires. These plants get their water from rain, and the only soil they ever come in contact with is the dust that may blow on their leaves.
小題1:Wood becomes larger because of       .
A．dead cell wallsB．water entering dead cells
C．the growth of cellsD．the death of cells
小題2:From the passage we know that the evolutionary scale is graded according to      .
A．evolutionary cyclesB．heights and depths
C．timeD．kinds
小題3:The “bromeliad” is a plant that     .
A．has no rootsB．is a pineapple
C．can grow anywhereD．takes up water through its leaves
小題4:The most suitable title for this passage is “      ”.
A．Absorption of water by plantsB．Rootless plants in America
C．Plants in the desertD．Higher plants
小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:A

小題1:B  根據(jù)短文第一段中的“Absorption（吸收）of water by dead cell walls makes wood become larger.”可知，樹木變大是因?yàn)樗诌M(jìn)入了細(xì)胞。選項(xiàng)A意為“死細(xì)胞壁”；選項(xiàng)B意為“水分進(jìn)入死細(xì)胞”；選項(xiàng)C意為“細(xì)胞的生長”；選項(xiàng)D意為“細(xì)胞的死亡”。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。
小題2:C  根據(jù)短文中的“Even among the flowering plants, one finds rootless forms. These flowering plants are “the higher plants” because they evolved（進(jìn)化）recently and are thus considered higher on the evolutionary scale（進(jìn)化度）.”以及下文可知，進(jìn)化度是依據(jù)時(shí)間逐漸發(fā)生變化的。選項(xiàng)A意為“進(jìn)化周期”；選選項(xiàng)B意為“高度和深度”；選項(xiàng)C意為“時(shí)間”；選項(xiàng)D意為“種類”。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。
小題3:D  此題為詞義猜測題。根據(jù)此段中的“These plants get their water from rain, and the only soil they ever come in contact with is the dust that may blow on their leaves.”可知正確答案為D (通過其葉子補(bǔ)給水分的植物).
小題4:A  選項(xiàng)A意為“植物對水分的吸收”；選項(xiàng)B意為“美洲的無根植物”；選項(xiàng)C意為“沙漠中的植物”；選項(xiàng)D意為“高等植物”。根據(jù)短文第一段及全文可知，正確答案為A.
練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Following some of the tips for green living helps save our planet. All of these involve just a few changes to our daily habits.
Just walk and limit the use of your car. One of the poster images of pollution is our vehicles. It burns fuel. It is not as efficient as we hope it could be, and we use it every single day. To lessen the effects of the air pollution caused by our vehicles, we should limit their use. If we can walk to our destination then just let us go. Not only do we lessen our carbon dioxide emissions, but we also get a good exercise out of it.
Use a laptop instead of a computer desktop. Laptops are more energy efficient compared to their bigger counterparts. A laptop is generally 50 percent more efficient in using electricity. Aside from that there are other benefits of a laptop. It is portable so you can work anywhere you like and that you get powerful features without the large size of desktop units.
Turn off the faucet while you are brushing your teeth. It is always a better idea to use a glass when we are brushing our teeth and not to just let the faucet keep on running. Therefore，there is less water to waste while we are cleaning our pearly whites. Simply turn off the faucet when you are not using it.
Make good use of natural light. We have a great and natural lamp --- the sun, and we should learn how to take full advantage of it during daytime. So instead of turning on our lights or lamps even if it is still not evening, we should pull up the drapes and let the natural light come in from the windows.
These are just some of the best tips for green living, but of course there are still many of these tips if you just search for them. But you can do your own variation any time just always prioritize how you can use less energy and produce even lesser trash and pollution.
小題1:What’s the best title for the passage?
A．How to Save Our Planet
B．How to Change Our Daily Habits
C．Tips for Green Living Today
D．Green Living and Serious Pollution
小題2:Compared with a computer desktop, a laptop __________. 
A．less energy efficientB．faster at workC．easy to repairD．easy to carry
小題3:How many tips does the passage mention for green living today?
A．ThreeB．FourC．FiveD．Six
小題4:The underlined word ‘‘prioritize’’ in the last paragraph can be replaced by the word ________.
A．decreaseB．considerC．imagineD．guess
小題5:Which of the following is NOT true?
A．A few changes to daily habits can help a lot.
B．While washing teeth we should turn off the faucet.
C．Vehicles bring pollution and we should try to avoid.
D．In the daytime we should not pull up the drapes.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes（基因）, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied（應(yīng)用）, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(壽命) can be prolonged.
Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial family being a good example, have hereditary diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born.
Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture (produce) human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep; therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.
小題1:What does “these two killers” in the second paragraph refer to?
A．Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.
B．The two murderers who killed the cloned baby
C．The two diseases of cancer and heart disease
D．Hereditary diseases and cancer
小題2:What’s the main idea of the third paragraph?
A．How gene technology can be applied to cure family diseases.
B．Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.
C．Gene technology can help people to give birth to a baby.
D．Gene technology can help the English imperial family out
小題3:What is the main purpose of writing this passage?
A．Expressing the writer’s idea that gene technology will benefit people
B．Telling people the advantages of gene technology
C．Telling the readers that gene technology will not benefit people
D．Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity
小題4:Which of the following worries people by using this technology?
A．Scientists have already successfully cloned sheep.
B．Most couple will normally give birth to babies.
C．A good number of babies will be cloned
D．The government will take action to control it.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

This selection of books and guides offers insight to hidden charm in many favorite cities and destinations and gives you the knowledge to uncover unusual sights to see and places to visit. We hope you enjoy our choices and welcome your comments. Email your feedback to books@ gounusual. com.

The following are taken from these books. You will find much more information about these hotels in the books.
Kakslauttanen Hotel

It is the home of the famous Igloo（冰屋）Village with the unique glass and snow igloos and the world’s largest snow restaurant. In addition , their guests can enjoy the winter activities including watching the Northern Lights visible generally from late August to late April. Guests can sample the peace of sleeping in snow. Their glass igloos are fantastic for lying on your bed at night, watching the Northern Lights in the warm. You can enjoy cold or warm night sleep as required.
Art Hotel in Ronda

Beautifully situated in the oldest paved street of Ronda and surrounded by historic buildings, Art Hotel is decorated with original and historical artwork and atmospheric lighting. There is lots of fun and funky touches, e. g. lights and birds nesting in old basketballs, wall murals（壁畫）of Michael Jackson , car tyres converted to occasional tables.
During your stay, all drinks, breakfast and the use of all facilities are included in the price of the room.
Otter Creek Tents
The tents are separated from the rest of the world by a quiet salt-water creek. A coconut plantation dating back to 1886, the secret location preserves the privacy and peace of guests, with the salt water of the creek keeping even the mosquitoes away.
Each tent sleeps 2 in a four-poster double bed and has a western style toilet and bathroom with running water and hot shower. The tents use the dining facilities of the charming “Elsewhere” beach houses and enjoy over a mile of the pristine（處于原始狀態(tài)的）beach where one can still see the footprints of fishermen , and during the season , possibly the prints of sea turtles.
The Original Icehotel

“Imagine a hotel built from thousands of tons of snow and ice, and rebuilt every winter”--that is ICEHOTEL in northern Lapland, Sweden.
This is the original ICEHOTEL, first created in the early 1990s. It has become the global ambassador for this genre and now licenses ICEBARs around the world too. With 80 ＋ rooms, the property is a huge undertaking to be rebuilt every year, and their expertise inspired other similar properties in North America and elsewhere.
小題1:People staying in Kakslauttanen Hotel can watch the Northern Lights EXCEPT in ________.
A．AugustB．AprilC．DecemberD．June
小題2:What is special about Otter Creek Tents?
A．You can sleep in a house made of ice there.
B．It is surrounded by a forest.
C．You can enjoy the scenes of a beach.
D．You can enjoy turtles cooked in a special way there.
小題3:If you want to experience sleeping with snow or ice around, you can choose ________.
A．Kakslauttanen Hotel and Art Hotel in Ronda
B．Otter Creek Tents and Icehotel
C．Art Hotel in Ronda and Otter Creek Tents
D．Kakslauttanen Hotel and Icehotel
小題4:What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A．To show us the advantages of staying in hotels.
B．To introduce and promote some books.
C．To encourage people to travel around the world.
D．To explain to us how people manage the hotels.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Flying over a desert in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes．After an hour’s flight, one of the scientists wrote in his notebook, "Look here for probable metal." Walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported, "This ground should be searched for metals." From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word "Uranium".
None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no magic powers for looking down below the earth’s surface．They were merely putting to use one of the newest methods of locating minerals in the ground -- using trees and plants as signs that certain minerals may lie under the ground on which the trees and plants are growing.
This newest method of searching for minerals is based on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may affect the kind of bushes and trees that grow on the surface.
At Watson Bar Creek, a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds．Boxes were filled with small branches from the trees．Roots were dug and put into boxes．Each bag and box was carefully marked．In a scientific laboratory the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes and tested．Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it.
Study of the roots, branches and seeds showed no silver．But there were small amounts of gold in the roots and a little less gold in the branches and seeds．The seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk had more gold than those growing on the ends of the branches.
If the trees indicated that there was no gold in the ground, the scientists wouldn’t spare money to pay for digging into the ground.
小題1:Scientists were flying over a desert or a hilly wasteland or a mountain region to _____.
A．train their eyesB．study the trees
C．look for goldD．search for minerals
小題2:The study of trees, branches and roots indicated that ______.
A．there were larger amounts of gold in the branches far from the tree trunk than in the seeds
B．there were smaller amounts of gold in the tree roots deep in the ground than in the branches
C．there were larger amounts of gold in the seeds growing closer to the tree trunk than in the seeds farther from it
D．there were larger amounts of gold in the branches than in the leaves on the ends of the branches
小題3:Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of a tree that can help the searchers?
A．leavesB．rootsC．branchesD．seeds
小題4:Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?
A．Scientists searching for treasure with special equipment.
B．New methods of doing geological study.
C．Gold could be found in trees and plants.
D．A new method of searching for minerals.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It might sound ridiculous that goal setting could actually hold you back from completing tasks and dreams you may have. But it seems like everyone tells you should be setting goals for everything you want to accomplish, short term and long term. Goals can help you sometimes, but in some cases they just lead to constant frustration and they actually bring you down.
Let’s look at this a little closer with an example. A lot of people might set forth as a goal. Many people jump online and are looking to start a business online as a way to make money from home and let’s say they set a goal to make $10,000 in their first month. They do this because they seem tons of people making large sums of money in very little time so they think, $10,000 a month, that shouldn’t be too hard.
But what happens when you only bring in $1,000 in your first 30 days online? If this is pure profit you might still be happy but this is nowhere near reaching the goal you originally set out to meet. So naturally you would feel like you failed to reach your goal and you may be a little disappointed in yourself.
If you continue not to reach this goal month in month , it starts to add up and really weighs on you. I’m not saying that they are bad and you shouldn’t set them but you need to realize that you should not be emotionally attached to your goals.
An alternative approach would be to set certain milestones for when you want to accomplish things and start out small. Build your confidence by accomplishing smaller feats and if you overproduce, then it will be a nice surprise. You have to have some sort of end result in mind but break it down in to a day by day task. It makes it a lot easier for you to handle by just knowing everyday you have to complete a few small tasks and over time the snowball will roll into great things.
小題1:The purpose of the passage is to _______.
A．show that it’s necessary to set goals
B．prove the disadvantages of setting goals
C．suggest way of setting goals to reach success
D．introduce how to reach success by setting high goals.
小題2:In Paragraph 2 , the writer used the example to _______.
A．persuade readers not to be greedy for money
B．prove that goals often result in frustration.
C．show goal setting sometimes stops you realizing your dreams
D．a(chǎn)dvise readers not to set goals to avoid frustration
小題3:According to the passage, always sticking to our goals is ______.
A．important B．unnecessaryC．ridiculousD．natural
小題4:What belief does the writer most probably hold?
A．The higher goals we set, the more success we’ll achieve
B．Goal setting is not always necessary and helpful
C．We shouldn’t set higher goals than other people
D．Goals should be set for short term and long term.
小題5:What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?
A．Another helpful tip for setting goalsB．Benefits of setting small goal
C．Side effects of goal settingD．Success achieved without goal setting.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

If you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the earlier people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.
A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London(UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals(通兩種語言的人)”, who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.
“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible,” he said, “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the earlier they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.
小題1: What does the underlined part “grey matter” (in Paragraph 2) refer to?
A．Grey hair.B．Material of the brain.
C．Intelligence.D．Difficult situations.
小題2: The experience of learning a second language can ________.
A．change one’s brain completelyB．improve one’s maths skills
C．make one smarter than othersD．increase the ability to learn
小題3:We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the researchers from UCL did another study in Italy
B．a(chǎn) similar study was done on native Italian speakers who learn English as a second language
C．the research done on the Italians showed a totally different result
D．it will be easier for one to travel around the world by learning a second language
小題4:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Learning a second language can help improve your brain power.
B．You should learn a second language that is not your native language.
C．If you want to learn a second language, you should do it at a certain age.
D．The research done by the researchers from UCL is very successful.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly, The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms (微生物) cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release (釋放) poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepaid. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat raid mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
小題1:Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Food when poisoned can make people sick.
B．Food poisoning means death.
C．Food poisoning comes in varieties.
D．Food poisoning can be serious.
小題2: We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning       .
A．a(chǎn)re always accompanied by a fever
B．a(chǎn)re too common to be noted
C．can be noticed within hours
D．can be ignored
小題3:Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT     .
A．some chemicalsB．low temperatures
C．some tiny living thingsD．certain natural materials
小題4:It can be inferred from the passage that
A．natural materials are safe in food processing
B．chemicals are needed in food processing
C．food poisoning can be kept under control
D．food poisoning is out of control

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.www.examda.com
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays.
This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.
小題1:Which of these sentences best describes the writer's point in Paragraph 1?
A．To some extent, intelligence is given at birth.
B．Intelligence is developed by the environment.
C．Some people are born clever and others born stupid.
D．Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.
小題2: It is suggested in this passage that_______.
A．unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligence
B．close relations usually have similar intelligence
C．the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligence
D．people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence
小題3:Brothers and sisters are likely to_______.
A．have similar intelligence B．have different intelligence
C．go to the same university D．go to the same factory
小題4:The best title for this article would be_______.
A．On Intelligence　B．What Intelligence Means
C．We Are Born with IntelligenceD．Environment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案