Several recent studies have found that being randomly (隨機(jī)地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood (可能性) of conflict.
Recent reports found that lodging with a student of a different race may decrease prejudice and force students to engage in more ethnically diverse friendships.
An Ohio State University study also found that black students living with a white roommate saw higher academic success throughout their college careers. Researchers believe this may be caused by social pressure.
In a New York Times article, Sam Boakye – the only black student on his freshman year floor -said that "if you're surrounded by whites, you have something to prove."
Researchers also observed problems resulting from pairing interracial students in residences.
According to two recent studies, randomly assigned roommates of different races are more likely to experience conflicts so strained that one roommate will move out.
An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the semester.
Grace Kao, a professor at Penn said she was not surprised by the findings. "This may be the first time that some of these students have interacted, and lived, with someone of a different race," she said.
At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing.
"One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly," said Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec Webley. "This is the definition of integration."
"I've experienced roommate conflicts between interracial students that have both broken down stereotypes(模式化形象) and strengthened stereotypes," said one Penn resident advisor (RA). The RA of two years added that while some conflicts "provided more multicultural acceptance and melding (融合)," there were also "jarring cultural resistance."
The RA said that these conflicts have also occurred among roommates of the same race.
Kao said she cautions against forming any generalizations based on any one of the studies, noting that more background characteristics of the students need to be studied and explained.
小題1:What can we learn from some recent studies?
A．Conflicts between students of different races are unavoidable.
B．Interracial lodging may have diverse outcomes.
C．Students of different races are prejudiced against each other.
D．Interracial lodging does more harm than good.
小題2:What does the Indiana University study show?
A．Few white students like sharing a room with a black peer.
B．Roommates of different races just don't get along.
C．Interracial roommates are more likely to fall out.
D．Assigning students' lodging randomly is not a good policy.
小題3:What does Alec Webley consider to be the "definition of integration"?
A．The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.
B．Students of different races are required to share a room.
C．Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen.
D．Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception.
小題4:What can be inferred from Grace Kao’s saying about interracial lodging?
A．Schools should be cautious when making decisions about student lodging.
B．Students' racial background should be considered before lodging is assigned.
C．Experienced resident advisors should be assigned to handle the problems.
D．It is unscientific to make generalizations about it without further study.

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:A
小題4:D

試題分析：本文介紹了在美國(guó)很多的大學(xué)在分配宿舍的時(shí)候，沒(méi)有考慮到學(xué)生的種族，最后導(dǎo)致了很多的問(wèn)題。
小題1:B 推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段being randomly (隨機(jī)地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood (可能性) of conflict.說(shuō)明這樣的行為會(huì)有多種結(jié)果，故B項(xiàng)正確。
小題2:C 推理題。根據(jù)第四段An Indiana University study found that interracial roommates were three times as likely as two white roommates to no longer live together by the end of the semester.說(shuō)明這樣的安排導(dǎo)致的室友之間的問(wèn)題很多，所以這樣的安排會(huì)失敗。故C正確。
小題3:A 推理題。根據(jù)"One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly,"說(shuō)明他對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題的定義就是很多學(xué)生被胡亂地分配好住在一起，不考慮他們的種族。故A項(xiàng)正確。
小題4:D 推斷題。根據(jù)"This may be the first time that some of these students have interacted, and lived, with someone of a different race," she said.說(shuō)明很多的人都是第一次遇見(jiàn)這樣的情況，所以會(huì)出很多問(wèn)題。故這樣的安排不合理。故D正確。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文內(nèi)容較為復(fù)雜，考生對(duì)閱讀內(nèi)容的不熟悉，需要在閱讀的時(shí)候有足夠的耐心。要養(yǎng)成在上下文串聯(lián)中猜測(cè)詞義的能力，根據(jù)上下文中出現(xiàn)的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞，以及詞義的解釋來(lái)理解生詞。同時(shí)要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影響。要根據(jù)題目及選項(xiàng)以及文章的上下文串聯(lián)合理的判斷推理。
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South Asia heatwave kills nearly 100.
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War Horse author Michael Morpurgo is being interviewed:
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Michael:War Horse was published in 1982,and it did not sell very well.But my publishers kept it in print,along with all my books.I am very grateful to Egmont and I’m sure now they are very grateful to themselves.
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Reporter:Has War Horse changed your life?
Michael:It has made all the difference in the world.The most important gift it has given us is not to have to worry about money,because there has always been a slight anxiety.It has allowed us to ensure our grandchildren’s education.There is a disadvantage to it as well,which is an assumption that I am super rich.I’m not,actually.It is very nice and completely unexpected but I have got to go on writing.If I were younger,I think,it would go to my head.Now I am too old for anything to go to my head.It is not the same as winning the lottery(彩票)。
小題1:Why are Michael’s publishers grateful to themselves too?
A．Because they never stopped printing it and it finally proved successful.
B．Because they earned a lot thanks to books of high quality they printed.
C．Because they have the ability to enlarge their company.
D．Because they have the potential to film the story.
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A．Steven Spielberg and his daughter
B．Tom Morris and his listeners
C．Kathy Kennedy’s daughter
D．Tom Morris’ mother
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A．Because she knew that the film was very popular.
B．Because her daughter was mad on the play.
C．Because her friend,Steven Spielberg,advised her to see it.
D．Because she was looking for a story with an animal in her mind.
小題4:What change made Michael feel most valuable because of War Horse?
A．He could stay at home looking after his grandchildren.
B．He can make friends with famous film directors.
C．He needn’t worry about his financial problems.
D．He needn’t spend time writing another book.
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