Question

【題目】I【1】(travel) to many places since I went to college. What impressed me deeply was【2】(I) travel to Tibet last year. I took the train there with my friends and enjoyed the scenery all the way. When the train was close to Tibet, I had【3】headache. Then I 【4】(find) it difficult to breathe and felt【5】(tire). I knew that all my symptoms(癥狀)were called altitude sickness. And it took me a few hours to get used to it.

Tibet is known as the “Roof of the World”【6】has a number of famous【7】(place) of interest including Potala Palace and Mount Everest. So when I felt a little【8】 (well), I couldn’t wait to head towards them. I was very happy【9】(see) that the top of Mount Everest was covered with snow even【10】 July and when the sun came out, it became pure and beautiful.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】have traveled

【2】my

【3】a

【4】found

【5】tired

【6】and

【7】places

【8】better

【9】to see

【10】in

【解析】文章描述作者其西藏旅行的一次經(jīng)歷。

【1】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：自從上大學(xué)，我去過很多地方旅行。since表示自從…到現(xiàn)在。故主句用現(xiàn)在完成式。故用have traveled。

【2】考查代詞。句意：讓我印象深刻的是我去年去西藏的一次旅行。這里用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞travel，故用my。

【3】考查冠詞。句意：當(dāng)火車接近西藏的時(shí)候，我感到頭疼。have a headache頭疼，頭痛。故用a。

【4】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然后我就覺得呼吸困難，感到疲憊。聯(lián)系上文可知這里是在描述去年的旅行經(jīng)歷，用過去式。故用found。

【5】考查形容詞。feel tired感到疲憊的。故用形容詞形式的tired。

【6】考查連詞。句意：西藏被成為“世界屋脊”，有很多著名的名勝古跡。根據(jù)句意可知前后句時(shí)并列關(guān)系，故用and。

【7】考查名詞。places of interest名勝古跡。故這里用places。

【8】考查比較級。句意：因此當(dāng)我感覺好點(diǎn)之后，我迫不及待地向這些名勝古跡出發(fā)了。根據(jù)句意可知這里用比較級，故用better。

【9】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：看到珠穆朗瑪峰頂在七月也被白雪覆蓋，我非常高興。be happy to do很高興做某事。故這里用to see。

【10】考查介詞。in July在七月，月份前面加介詞in，故這里用in。

since作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的用法：

一、若since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是終止性的過去時(shí)，則從句表示的時(shí)間是“從動(dòng)作開始的那一時(shí)刻起”。如：

He has studied very hard since he came to our school.

自從他來到我們學(xué)校，他學(xué)習(xí)就非常努力。

We have been missing them since they left here

自從他們離開這里，我們就一直很想念他們。

這是最常見的一種用法，此處不再多述。

二、若since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)時(shí)，則從句表示的時(shí)間是“從那持續(xù)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起”。如：

I haven’t heard any noise since I slept. sleep 為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，sleep的動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí)，即“醒來”時(shí)，這句應(yīng)譯為“我醒后還未聽到任何聲音”。

John is now with his parents in New York, it is already three years since he was a teacher約翰現(xiàn)在和父母一起住在紐約，他不當(dāng)教師已經(jīng)三年了。

三、若since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，則表示動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（說話時(shí)刻），其表示的時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)應(yīng)從動(dòng)作發(fā)生之時(shí)算起。如：

I haven’t heard from him since he has lived there。

這里has lived表示動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性，時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)應(yīng)從：“開始居住”時(shí)算起。因此此句可理解為“自從他（開始）住在那兒起，我就一直沒收到他的來信”。

Since we have owned a car, we have gone camping every year。自從我們自己有了汽車，我們每年都去野營。

試比較：

Since I’ve been at this school, we have had three headmasters.

自從我到這所學(xué)校，我們已換了三個(gè)校長了。

Since I was at this school, they have had three headmasters.

自從我離開這所學(xué)校，他們已換了三個(gè)校長了。

2. He has never been to see me since I have been ill. 自從我生病以來，他從未來看過我。

He has never been to see me since I was ill. 自從我病愈以來，他從未來看過我。

由此可見，since引導(dǎo)的從句持續(xù)動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的意思恰好相反。換言之，前者以肯定的語法形式反映著否定的邏輯內(nèi)容，而后者的形式與內(nèi)容是一致的。

至于It is +一段時(shí)間+since…的句型與It has been +一段時(shí)間+since…意思相同。前者是規(guī)范說法，后者是口語說法。應(yīng)注意的是，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，since引導(dǎo)的從句絕對不能用否定式的謂語動(dòng)詞來表示否定意義，下面兩句都錯(cuò)了：

It is a long time since he didn’t study English.

It’s two months since you didn’t come to see me.

正確的說法為：

It’s a long time since he studied English 他好久沒學(xué)英語了。

You haven’t come to see me for two months. 你有兩個(gè)月沒來看我了。