9.It is true that good writers rewrite and rewrite and then rewrite some more.But in order to work up the desire to rewrite,it is important to learn to like what you write at the early stage.
I am surprised at the number of famous writers I know who say that they so dislike reading their own writing later that they even hate to look over the publishers'opinions.One reason we may dislike reading our own work is that we're often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down.Jerry Fodor and Steven Pinker suggest that this fact may be a result of how our minds work.
Different from popular belief,we do not usually think in the words and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas (known as"mentalese"),and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language.But while mentalese contains our thoughts in the form of a complex tapestry (織錦),writing can only be composed one thread(思路) at a time.Therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple.It is only by repeatedly rewriting that we produce new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds.
When people write as if some strict critics are looking over their shoulder,they are so worried about what this critic might say that they get stuck before they even start.Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem.When writing we should have two different minds.At the first stage,we should see every idea,as well as the words we use to express it,as wonderful and worth putting down.It is only during rewrites that we should examine what we excitedly wrote in the first stage and check for weaknesses.
33.What do we learn from the text about those famous writers?C
A.They often regret writing poor works
B.Some of them write surprisingly much.
C.Many of them hate reading their own works
D.They are happy to review the publishers'opinions.
34.What do people generally believe about the way human minds work?A
A.People think in words and sentences.
B.Human ideas are translated into symbols
C.People think by connecting threads of ideas.
D.Human thoughts are expressed through pictures.
35.What can we conclude from the text?D
A.Most people believe we think in symbols.
B.Loving our own writing is scientifically reasonable.
C.The writers and critics can never reach an agreement.
D.Thinking and writing are different stages of mind at work.
分析 好的作家都是不停地重寫自己的作品,但是他們卻不喜歡讀自己寫的東西.其中的一個原因可能是,當他們第一次寫下來的時候,腦海中豐富的思想顯得非常單薄和樸實,所以常常感到失望.我們不總是用詞和句子思考,而是用符號思考,寫作和思考是大腦工作的不同階段.
解答 33.C 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段的第二句they even hate to look over thepublishers'opinions他們甚至討厭看出版商的意見,故排除選項D;選項A、B文章中沒提到;根據(jù)第二段的第一句they so dislike reading their ownwriting later可知,他們不喜歡讀自己寫的東西,故選C.
34.A 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段的前兩句Different from popular belief,we do not usually think in the words andsentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas (known as"mentalese")可知,不同于人們一般的看法,我們不總是用普通語言的單詞和句子思考,而是用符號.所以一般認為人們用詞和句子思考.故選A.
35.D 推理判斷題.根據(jù)第三段的第一句Different from popularbelief…不同于人們一般的看法,我們不總是用普通語言的單詞和句子思考,而是用符號.排除A項;根據(jù)第二段的第一句they so dislike reading their own writing later,他們不喜歡讀自己的作品,排除B項;根據(jù)最后一段的Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem.When writing we should have two differentminds.Peter Elbow提出了一個很好的建議來處理這個問題,寫作時我們應該有兩種不同的想法.排除C項;根據(jù)第二段的the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first writtendown.可知,當我們第一次寫下來時,我們頭腦中豐富的思想顯得非常單薄和樸實.所以可推斷寫作和思考是大腦工作的不同階段,故選D.
點評 本文是文學藝術(shù)類閱讀,考查學生對細節(jié)的理解把握和推理判斷能力,做題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確選擇.在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.