Question

【題目】A new study finds almost one third of the world’s population is overweight. Since 1980, obesity rates(肥胖率)in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries, making people more worried. And rates are increasing in many other countries. Obesity is increasing faster in children than adults in many nations, including Algeria, Turkey and Jordan, the report said. But the world's weight problem is growing in both rich and poor countries alike. Researchers say an increasing number of people are dying of related health problems in what they called a "disturbing global public health problem."

Researchers studied health information from 1980 through 2015. They examined obesity rates, average weight gain in 195 countries. They found that obesity rates are three times greater among youth and young adults in countries like China, Brazil and India. Almost 108 million children and more than 600 million adults were found to be overweight. Egypt had the highest number of overweight adults in 2015. Vietnam had the least. In the same year, the United States had the highest number of overweight children, and Bangladesh had the least.

Yet hunger remains a problem in many areas. The United Nations said that almost 800 million people, including 300 million children, go to bed hungry each night. Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are mainly to blame for the rising numbers of overweight people.

Growing populations have led to rising obesity rates in poor countries. Often, poor people will eat processed(加工的) foods instead of choosing a diet rich in vegetables.

The London-based Overseas Development Institute studied the price of food in five countries: Britain, Brazil, China, Mexico and South Korea. It found that the cost of processed foods like ice cream and hamburgers has fallen since 1990. But the cost of fresh fruits and vegetables has gone up.

【1】What do we know about obesity in the world?

A. It is worrying

B. It is given no attention

C. It has been successfully solved

D. It is more serious among old people

【2】Which country has the most overweight children in 2015?

A. America B. Vietnam

C. Egypt D. Bangladesh

【3】What is one of the reasons why people get overweight?

A. Hunger B. Poor diet

C. Diets with vegetables D. Eating too much fruit

【4】Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. It’s Important to Have a Balanced Diet

B. How Can We Lose Weight and Keep Fit?

C. Is It Necessary for Us to Eat Fresh Vegetables?

D. Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweight.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】全世界有三分之一的人口屬于超重或被認(rèn)為肥胖，肥胖已經(jīng)成為困擾很多國家的問題，但是饑餓仍然存在。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子Since 1980, obesity rates(肥胖率)in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries, making people more worried. 自1980年以來，73個國家的兒童和成人的肥胖率翻了一倍，使得人們更加擔(dān)心�？芍�肥胖令人擔(dān)憂。故選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的研究結(jié)果In the same year, the United States had the highest number of overweight children, and Bangladesh had the least.可知在2015年，美國的超重兒童數(shù)量最多。故選A。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are mainly to blame for the rising numbers of overweight people. 專家指出，飲食不良和缺乏鍛煉是超重人數(shù)增加的主要原因�？芍�超重的其中一個原因是飲食不良，故選B。

【4】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹的就是世界人口的超重問題，故標(biāo)題用Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweight.合適，故選D。

主旨大意題解題思路分析：

概括主旨大意的方法有：

A：尋找主題句，有些段落大意在主題句上。主題句有的在句首，有的在段中，有的在段尾。

B：尋找關(guān)鍵詞，有些段落大意就散落在關(guān)鍵詞上。

閱讀理解的問題也以如下形式出現(xiàn)：

1. What is the best title for/of the passage?

2. What can be inferred from the passage?

3. What does the author mainly tell us about in the text？

4. What is mainly discussed in the article/passage/text? 做答這類問題時，將閱讀重點放在首尾部分，中間部分則可采用略讀或者掃讀的方式，一則省時間，二則目標(biāo)明確，正確率自然也相應(yīng)提高了。如本文的第4小題，由題干Which of the following can be the best title for the text?可知這里考查了本文的主旨。根據(jù)主旨大意題的解題技巧A，我們通過閱讀文章開頭部分——A new study finds almost one third of the world’s population is overweight.可知文章要描述的是人們的體重超標(biāo)問題，接下來文章對其說明，并列出數(shù)據(jù)以及調(diào)查結(jié)果。可知本文的開頭即是主題句，所以用D作為標(biāo)題合適。