14.Are you guilty of throwing away food?Many of us end up binning unwanted,uneaten or out-of-date food while millions of people in the world (51)B.The United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization estimates that 33percent of food produced is thrown away.This fills up landfill sites and (52)D greenhouse gases.
Part of the problem seems to lie with the supermarkets that (53)B us to buy more.They offer (54)A such as buy-one-get-one-free (BOGOF) that(55)D us to stock up on food that we'll never be able to consume.In Europe alone,people throw away 100million tons of food every year.
But the problem isn't just us throwing away leftovers in the fridge or cupboard.Although we all love the convenience,price and choice of food that supermarkets offer,a lot of food is discarded(丟棄)before we even see it.Some stores(56)A fruit and vegetables because they're the wrong size or shape.And shoppers are equally to blame because they demand that items like these look(57)C.
BBC reporter,Caroline Hepker,(58)Athe problem in the USA and said"Food waste is a huge issue in America.Forty percent of all food goes uneaten and it's a problem that starts long before you get to the dining room table."
Another issue is the'sell-by'and'use-by'dates printed on food packaging,which(59)B shoppers.Anything older than a'sell-by'date makes us think it is old and the food has gone off.But,in fact,this is just the date until which supermarkets can (60)Aits freshness.
(61)C,in some parts of the world,people are struggling to buy even the most basic food.A report by the UN's Food and Agricultural Organization found that there is enough food for everyone-just a lot of(62)B.So what can be done?
Apps and websites that (63)A excess(多余的) food are becoming more popular.And food banks are being set up too.These are charitable organizations people(64)D food to.It's then distributed to those who have difficulty buying their own food.
Perhaps the best idea is that we all think twice before we fill our baskets up with too many groceries and we put pressure on supermarkets to change some of their wasteful(65)C.How much food do you waste?

51.A.preserveB.starveC.a(chǎn)dvanceD.survive
52.A.changesB.dissolvesC.measuresD.creates
53.A.obligeB.encourageC.challengeD.instruct
54.A.promotionsB.presentsC.groceriesD.profits
55.A.remindB.expectC.permitD.tempt
56.A.rejectB concealC.crashD.introduce
57.A.a(chǎn)stonishingB.confidentC.perfectD.terrible
58.A.looked intoB.coped withC.inquired aboutD.figured out
59.A.supervisesB.confusesC.reflectsD.reminds
60.A.guaranteeB.a(chǎn)ssessC.investigateD.maintain
61.A.InsteadB.ThereforeC.MeanwhileD.Otherwise
62.A.inconvenienceB.inefficiencyC.irresponsibilityD.impossibility
63.A.distributeB.exploitC.exportD.sell
64.A.deliverB.exposeC.divideD.donate
65.A.characteristicsB.productsC.practicesD.customs

分析 本文屬于說(shuō)明文閱讀,作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們描述了浪費(fèi)食物是有罪的,許多人扔掉無(wú)用的或是過(guò)期的食物當(dāng)世界上許多其他人正在挨餓的時(shí)候,因此糧食充足的人和那些商人可以將自己的無(wú)用的食物捐獻(xiàn)給那些網(wǎng)站,讓他們分發(fā)給有需要的人.

解答 51.B.根據(jù)前文"Are you guilty of throwing away food",可知浪費(fèi)食物是有罪的,故許多人扔掉無(wú)用的或是過(guò)期的食物當(dāng)世界上許多其他人正在挨餓的時(shí)候;故選B.
52.D.根據(jù)前文"The United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization estimates that 33percent of food produced is thrown away"聯(lián)合國(guó)糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織估計(jì),食品生產(chǎn)的33%被扔掉,可知這填補(bǔ)了垃圾填埋場(chǎng)并產(chǎn)生了溫室氣體;故選D.
53.B.句子"Part of the problem seems to lie with the supermarkets that encourage us to buy more"問(wèn)題原因似乎與超市鼓勵(lì)我們?nèi)ベ?gòu)買(mǎi)更多有關(guān),買(mǎi)的多,浪費(fèi)的也更多;故選B.
54.A.promotions,促進(jìn),提升;根據(jù)"such as buy-one-get-one-free",可知超市用了買(mǎi)一送一的推銷手段;故選A.
55.D.tempt,引誘,慫恿,吸引;permit,準(zhǔn)許,許可;根據(jù)句意超市使用促銷手段引誘我們購(gòu)買(mǎi)無(wú)用商品;故選D.
56.A.reject,扔掉,丟棄;conceal,隱藏,遮;crash,碰撞,暴跌;可知句意為很多商店扔掉水果或蔬菜只是因?yàn)樗鼈冃螤铍y看;故選A.
57.C.a(chǎn)stonishing,令人驚訝地;confident,自信的;perfect,完美的;terrible,糟糕的;句意為消費(fèi)者也同樣需要負(fù)責(zé),因?yàn)槭撬麄円笊唐返耐庥^必須完美;故選C.
58.A.looked into,看著;coped with,應(yīng)對(duì);inquired about,詢問(wèn);figured out,弄清楚,明白;句意記者Caroline Hepker看出了這個(gè)問(wèn)題并且提問(wèn);故選A.
59.B.根據(jù)句意,另一個(gè)問(wèn)題是,包裝上的生產(chǎn)日期和保質(zhì)期迷惑了消費(fèi)者們;故選B.
60.A.guarantee,保證,擔(dān)保;assess,評(píng)定;investigate,調(diào)查,研究;maintain,保持,堅(jiān)持;根據(jù)"Anything older than a'sell-by'date makes us think it is old and the food has gone off"可知保質(zhì)期其實(shí)只是為保證販賣(mài)的新鮮度而已;故選A.
61.C.Meanwhile,與此同時(shí),根據(jù)句意在世界的某些地方,人們都在努力購(gòu)買(mǎi)最基本的食物;故選C.
62.B.inconvenience,不方便,麻煩事;inefficiency,無(wú)能,無(wú)效事;irresponsibility,不負(fù)責(zé)任;impossibility,不可能的;根據(jù)句意對(duì)于糧食足夠的人來(lái)說(shuō)可以做什么呢;故選B.
63.A.根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)用程序和網(wǎng)站上分發(fā)的過(guò)量的(多余的)食品越來(lái)越受歡迎;故選A.
64.D 根據(jù)句意,這些都是慈善組織的人捐獻(xiàn)出來(lái)然后分發(fā)給那些有困難的人擁有他們自己的食物;故選D.
65.C.practices,慣例;根據(jù)句意可知我們給超市的壓力,以改變他們的一些浪費(fèi)慣例;故選C.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的推理判斷能力和聯(lián)系上下文的能力,在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.此類的填空題一定要聯(lián)系上下文,根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容加上自己的理解,再作出正確的判斷.

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