Question

【題目】 One major reason Americans don’t get enough exercise is that they feel they don’t have enough time. It can be difficult to squeeze in the 75 minutes of aerobic (有氧的) exercise per week that federal guidelines recommend.【1】.

In a new analysis of 14 studies, researchers tracked deaths among more than 232,000 people from the U.S., Denmark, the U.K. and China over at least five years, and compared the findings with people’s self-reports about how much they ran. People who said they ran any amount were less likely to die than those who didn’t run at all.【2】 This was true even for those who didn’t log a great deal of time. The analysis divided people into groups, with 50 minutes or less per week representing the group that ran the least―but still ran. ‘‘Regardless of how much you run, you can expect such benefits,” says Zeljko Pedisic, one of the authors of the new analysis published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.

The analysis is the latest to illustrate the benefits of running on the human body. It’s what we evolved (進(jìn)化) to do. 【3】 But as leisure-time exercise, running keeps us healthy. “One of the best ways to avoid having to see a doctor,” Zeljko says, “is to stay physically active.”

【4】 Running is good at guarding against cancer partly because it uses up blood sugar, starving the cancer cells that rely on it for fuel. And it protects you in other ways not necessarily measured in the latest research: by decreasing inflammation (炎癥), for example, which is at the root of many diseases, and stimulating the production of a protein that improves brain health.

【5】 Neither were how often people ran and the pace they kept. As long as you’re running, more isn’t always better, especially given that the risk of injury increases with repetition.

A.People may no longer hunt wild animals for their next meal.

B.The physical demands of running affect our body in a beneficial way.

C.Some people run to prevent disease, and others run because it makes them feel better.

D.Runners were 27% less likely to die for any reason, compared with nonrunners.

E.But researchers point out, to infer something like that, they need the whole population measured.

F.But new research suggests people may be able to get life-lengthening benefits by running for far less time.

G.The good news is that running more than 50 minutes per week wasn’t linked to additional protections against dying.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】F

【2】D

【3】A

【4】B

【5】G

【解析】

本文是說明文。文章介紹了跑步對健康的好處：減小死亡率，預(yù)防癌癥，減少炎癥，刺激蛋白質(zhì)的生產(chǎn)，改善大腦健康。跑步的頻率和速度不重要，只要在跑步就行。

【1】

上文提到美國人抽不出時間進(jìn)行鍛煉的現(xiàn)象，下文介紹跑步對健康的好處。F項(xiàng)：但新的研究表明，人們可以通過更短的跑步時間獲得延長壽命的好處。與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，引出下文的主要內(nèi)容。故選F。

【2】

上文提到，研究表明：那些經(jīng)常跑步的人比那些根本不跑步的人死亡的可能性更小。D項(xiàng)：跑步者因任何原因死亡的可能性比不跑步的人低27%，是對上文研究結(jié)果的進(jìn)一步說明。故選D。

【3】

上句提到：最新的分析表明了跑步對人體的好處，就是我們的進(jìn)化。下文應(yīng)該具體介紹人類進(jìn)化對運(yùn)動的影響。A項(xiàng)：人們可能不再捕獵野生動物作為他們的下一餐，說明了人類生存方式的變化，引出了下文人們把跑步作為休閑鍛煉方式。故選A。

【4】

下文提到跑步能很好地預(yù)防癌癥，減少炎癥，刺激蛋白質(zhì)的生產(chǎn)，改善大腦健康。這些都是跑步對身體的好處，B項(xiàng)：跑步的身體需求對我們的身體有好處。概括了本段內(nèi)容，故選B。

【5】

下文提到人們跑步的頻率和速度不重要，只要在跑步就行，跑步越多并不總是越好。G項(xiàng)：好消息是，每周跑步超過50分鐘并沒有額外的預(yù)防死亡的作用，說明了跑步的時間和作用關(guān)系并不大的道理。故選G。