People who are hit by lightning and survive often have long-term effects. These may include memory loss, sleep disorders, muscle pain and depression.
Experts tell people to seek the safety of a building or a hard-top vehicle any time they hear thunder, even if it is not raining. They say lightning can strike as far as sixteen kilometers from any rainfall. Lightning can travel sideways. And at least ten percent of lightning happens without any clouds overhead that you can see.
People who are outdoors should make sure they are not the tallest thing around. Bend low to the ground, but do not lie down. And do not stand near tall object. Get away from water and anything made of metal. A car is safe, but don’t touch any metal inside.
Safety experts say people in buildings should stay away from anything with wires or pipes that lead to the outside. The National Weather Service says if you plan to disconnect any electronic equipment, do so before the storm arrives. Do not  use a wired telephone. Do not use water. All these can carry electricity.
Some people think a person struck by lightning carries an electrical charge afterward. Experts say this is not true. It is safe to begin emergency treatment
Each year about four hundred people in the United States are struck by lightning. Last year forty four people died. The average is close to seventy. The National Weather Service says that is more than the number of people killed by severe storms.
【小題1】According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A．Lightning can happen even if there is no cloud.
B．Lightning can’t strike very far.
C．Lightning can’t travel sideways.
D．Don’t stay in a car when lightning happen.
【小題2】We can learn from the passage that________.
A．it’s better to turn off any electronic equipment before the storm arrives.
B．a(chǎn) wired telephone is not safe to use in rainy days.
C．a(chǎn) person struck by lightning is said to carry an electrical charge afterward.
D．severe storms kill more people than lightning does.
【小題3】The underlined word ”depression” probably means”_______”.
A．excitementB．a(chǎn) state of being forgettable
C．silenceD．a(chǎn) feeling of being sad
【小題4】The passage is mainly about______.
A．where people should stay in case of lightning
B．some common knowledge about lightning safety
C．how lightning travels
D．a(chǎn) report written by the National Weather Service


【小題1】A
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】B

解析試題分析：本文主要講述的是和雷擊有關(guān)的信息以及作者給人們的一些避免雷擊的建議。
【小題1】A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句And at least ten percent of lightning happens without any clouds overhead that you can see.可知在沒有烏云的時候，也可能有被電擊。故A正確。
【小題2】A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段2,3行The National Weather Service says if you plan to disconnect any electronic equipment, do so before the storm arrives.可知作者建議我們之前就切斷電源。故A正確。
【小題3】D 推理題。根據(jù)本句These may include memory loss, sleep disorders, muscle pain and depression.可知這些都是雷擊以后的后遺癥，都是一個不好的情況，depression是指壓抑，悲哀的感覺。故D正確。
【小題4】B 主旨大意題。本文主要講述的是和雷擊有關(guān)的信息以及作者給人們的一些避免雷擊的建議。故B正確。
考點(diǎn)：考察自然知識類短文閱讀
點(diǎn)評：本文主要講述的是和雷擊有關(guān)的信息以及作者給人們的一些避免雷擊的建議。文章基本上是考查細(xì)節(jié)題，對此類題型考生可以首先從問題中找到關(guān)鍵詞，然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細(xì)節(jié)，找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容仔細(xì)閱讀一遍，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最后確定最佳答案。

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