14.Some people are like homing pigeons; Drop them off anywhere.a(chǎn)nd they'll find their way around.Other people.through,can't tell holding a map upside down.Are the directionally challenged just bad learners?
Not all of your navigational(導(dǎo)航的)skills are learned.Research shows that your sense of direction is innate.An innate ability is something you are born with.Your brain has special navigational neurons--head-direction cells,place cells,and grid cells(網(wǎng)格細(xì)胞)--and they help program your inside compass when you're just a baby.
In 2010.scientists carried out an experiment to study baby rates'activity in their brains.Although the rats were newborns.the researchers discovered that their head-direction cells(which help them recognize the direction they're facing) were fully grown and developed.The rats.it seemed.were born with a sense of direction.And they hadn't even opened their eyes yet!
Humans.of course,are not rats.But the hippocampus--the brain we use for navigation--is similar in most mammals.If the rat's compass develops this way.then it's likely a human's compass does,too.
If we're born with a sense of direction.then why are some people so good at getting lost?The scientists found that the two other cells---place and grid cells--developed within the first month.Place cells are thought to help us form a map in our mind.while gird cells help us navigate new and unfamiliar places.The two cells work together,and that's where the trouble might be.
People who took part in a 2013study played a video game that required them to travel quickly between different places.Monitoring their brains.the scientists.According to researcher Michael Kahana,differences in how gird cells work may help explain why some people have a better sense of direction than others.
32.What did the 2010 research find?A
A.Rats have a natural ability to recognize directions
B.Rats'hipppcampus is different from that of humans
C.Rats usually find their way without opening their eyes
D.Baby rats have as many head-direction cells as grown-ups
33.What do we know about our navigational neurons?D
A.Place cells let us know how to read a map
B.Grid cells help us reach the place we are going to
C.They help us use a compass when we lose our way
D.Place and grid cells grow later than head-direction cells
34.Why are some people so good at getting lost?B
A.They can't remember landmarks
B.Their grid cells can't work very well
C.They are unfamiliar with new places
D.Their ability to follow directions is poor
35.What is the text mainly about?A
A.Human navigational skills B.The compass in rats'body
C.Why grid cells are useful D.How homing pigeons work.
分析 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,主要講述了人們"導(dǎo)航"的技能.有些人天生可以識(shí)別方向不會(huì)迷路,但另外一些人卻經(jīng)常會(huì)迷失方向.文章通過(guò)介紹一項(xiàng)對(duì)老鼠的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果告訴我們?nèi)说姆较蚋惺翘焐陀械,有些人迷路是因(yàn)榫W(wǎng)格細(xì)胞所引起的效果不好.
解答 32.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段The rats,it seemed,were born with a sense of direction.And they hadn't even opened their eyes yet!可知?jiǎng)倓偝錾睦鲜缶鸵呀?jīng)有了明確的方向感,說(shuō)明老鼠識(shí)別方向的能力是天生的.故選A.
33.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第五段The scientists found that the two other cells-place and grid cells-developed within the first month.可知地方細(xì)胞和網(wǎng)格細(xì)胞是在出生以后第一個(gè)月里形成的.而頭部方向的細(xì)胞是天生就有的,也就是說(shuō)地方細(xì)胞和網(wǎng)格細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)晚于頭部方向的細(xì)胞.故選D.
34.B推理判斷題.根據(jù)第五段while grid cells help us navigate new and unfamiliar places.可知網(wǎng)格細(xì)胞幫助我們確定新的不熟悉的地方.人們會(huì)迷路就是因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)格細(xì)胞沒(méi)有很好地發(fā)揮作用.故選B.
35.A主旨大意題.本文是一篇科教類閱讀,主要講述了人們"導(dǎo)航"的技能.有些人天生可以識(shí)別方向不會(huì)迷路,但另外一些人卻經(jīng)常會(huì)迷失方向.文章通過(guò)介紹一項(xiàng)對(duì)老鼠的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果告訴我們?nèi)说姆较蚋惺翘焐陀械,有些人迷路是因(yàn)榫W(wǎng)格細(xì)胞所引起的效果不好.故選A.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是一個(gè)日常生活類閱讀理解,題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測(cè),一定要做到有理有據(jù).