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12.Have you ever taken a test that you thought you could have passed easily,only to make some silly mistakes that really hurt your grade?More than a few students have done that.And some seem to do it over and over again
There are several problem areas that can cause students to goof up or do poorly in a test that they could have passed.
Some students can become overconfident in their knowledge of the subject matter.They think they know the material better than they actually do.It is easy for students to misjudge their own knowledge,and when they realize that they don't know the material,it is too late.
What happens more often,though,is that some students feel they are smart enough to be able to guess their way through a test.So they don't bother studying the material.They are overconfident in their ability to figure things out.In either case,overconfidence can result in lower grades in tests.Does this apply to you?
Another thing that can happen is that students underestimate (低估) the difficulty of the test.They expect an easy test,but the teacher throws in a real tough test that they haven't prepared for.Sometimes the teacher may cover material in the test that students weren't expecting.That can happen,especially if you weren't paying attention in class.
Finally,there are students who don't feel that getting a good grade is important to them,so they don't bother to study or even try to do well.Such students may be trying to punish their parents,have a poor image(形象)of themselves,or are just plain foolish.Hopefully,you are not one of these students.

21.The writer believes that many studentsB.
A.are afraid of exams
B.make careless mistakes
C.hate homework
D.lack confidence
22.What does the underlined phrase"goof up"mean?C
A.Be overconfident.
B.Be nervous.
C.Make silly mistakes.
D.Make wrong choices.
23.According to the writer,who will be most unwilling to try his best in a test?A
A.Edward,dissatisfied with his parents.
B.John,expecting an easy test for him.
C.Dobby,believing he is the smartest in the class.
D.Peter,being overconfident about his ability.
24.What would be discussed in the paragraph that follows?D
A.The causes of overconfidence.
B.The causes of a poor self-image (自我形象).
C.Ways to prepare for a test.
D.Ways to avoid making careless mistakes in a test.

分析 文章講述了幾種學生在考試時容易犯的錯誤.這些錯誤使他們無法通過本能夠通過的考試.

解答 21-24  BCAD
21.B 細節(jié)理解題.根據第一段"Have you ever taken a test that you thought you could have passed easily,only to make some silly mistakes that really hurt your grade?More than a few students have done that.And some seem to do it over and over again."可知許多學生會犯這種愚蠢的錯誤.故 B項正確.
22.C 詞義猜測題.根據第一段More than a few students have done that可知許多學生會犯這些愚蠢的錯誤.第二段What happens more often,though,is that some students feel they are smart enough to be able to guess their way through a test."有很多問題可以導致學生在本能夠通過的考試中犯些愚蠢的錯誤.".故 C項正確.
23.A 推理判斷題.根據最后一段中的"Finally,there are students who don't feel that getting a good grade is important to them,so they don't bother to study or even try to do well.Such students may be trying to punish their parents,have a poor image of themselves,or are just plain foolish."可知好多學生故意考不好是為了懲罰父母.故 A項正確.
24.D  推理判斷題.整篇文章講的是"許多學生在本能夠通過的考試中卻犯一些愚蠢的錯誤,使考試無法通過.比如過于自信、低估考試難度、懲罰父母等"以及最后一段最后一句說"希望你不是這樣的學生"可知作者的擔心,故下文應該是在講述避免考試中犯錯誤的方法.故 D項正確.

點評 一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題.
  閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面.閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力.考生必須在十分有限的時間內運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點,并且理清文章脈絡,把握語篇實質.
二、看題干,帶著問題讀文章.
  首先要掌握問題的類型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調等,這類題必須經過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等.其次,了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息,然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀,對有關信息進行快速定位.此法加強了閱讀的針對性,提高了做題的準確率.
  三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題.
  在實際閱讀中,有時作者并未把意圖說出來,閱讀者要根據字面意思,通過語篇邏輯關系,研究細節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義.要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全.推理題在提問中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等.
  四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎.
  猜詞是應用英語的重要能力.它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯.我們要學會"順藤摸瓜",通過構詞,語法,定義,同位,對比,因果,常識,上下文等線索確定詞義.

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