19.A burial site at 22,000 feet is giving scientists the best look at horrible Incan sacrificial ceremonies.By modern standards,the dangerous peak of Mount Llullaillaco,in the Argentine Andes,is no place for kids.The ancient Inca saw things differently though,some 500years ago,three children arrived at the slopes of the 22,000feet peak.The three had spent time at the 17,000feet level,taking part in some ceremonies that can only be guessed at.Then,accompanied by a group of adults,they moved steadily upward.They would not return.Once at the peak,the children-two girls and a boy,between eight and 15years old-would be ceremonially sacrificed and buried beneath 5feet of broken rocks.They may even have been buried alive.
And there the story might have ended but for the tireless efforts of Johan Reinhard,an independent archaeologist (考古學(xué)家) funded by the National Geographic Society.Reinhard's specialty is climbing up the Andes in search of sacrificial remains; he had already located 15bodies,including the famed ice maid he found in 1995.But these three,whose discovery he announced last week,are by far the most impressive.They were frozen solid within hours of their burial.Two of the bodies are almost perfectly preserved; the third was damaged by lightning.The children's inside organs are not only undamaged but also still contain blood.Says Craig Morris,an expert at New York City's American Museum of Natural History:"It is truly a fantastic discovery."
What makes it so fantastic is not just the bodies themselves,but also the wealth of works of art that were buried along with them:36gold and silver statues,small woven bags,pottery,a small camel figure and seashell necklaces.Reinhard says,"One of the girls has a beautiful yellow,geometrically designed cover laid over her."Her head wears a feather and a golden mask.Some of the bodies were surrounded with food wrapped in camel skin,which indicates that the children came from the Incan social leadership-not surprising,since only people of high status would have been considered worthy of sacrifice.Little is known about the sacrificial ceremony itself; these objects,along with others found at the lower camp,should tell archaeologists plenty.
The preserved bodies,meanwhile,will give scientists a look at Incan physiology(生理) firstly.The Argentine military took them away to the nearby town of Salta.There,experts will analyze their organs for information about their diet and their DNA to try and establish their relationship to other racial groups.Reinhard will head back into the mountains.There is no telling how many more bodies remain to be found.
67.From the first paragraph we learn thatB.
A.the peak of Mount Llullaillaco was not dangerous in the past
B.a(chǎn)ncient Incans used to hold sacrificial ceremonies on top of the mountain
C.burying children alive was a common practice in ancient Incan society
D.the three children made the mountain climbing by themselves
68.What do Craig Morris'words mean:"It is truly a fantastic discovery"?C
A.Johan Reinhard works with the National Geographic Society.
B.Archaeological discoveries depend on the independent work of archaeologists.
C.The Andes is a treasure for archaeologists in search of sacrificial remains.
D.Andean archaeology focuses on unearthing human bodies.
69.Rehinhard's discovery shows thatD.
A.a(chǎn)ncient Incans were masters of body-preservation
B.the children suffered a lot before they were buried
C.Incan children from rich families were often made sacrifices
D.a(chǎn)ncient Incans had grasped a high level of craftsmanship
70.We can draw a conclusion from the text thatA.
A.Johan Reinhard's discovery will throw light on the study of ancient Incans
B.Reinhard will find a lot more bodies in the future
C.experts can now describe the sacrificial ceremony in detail
D.Argentine military are also interested in archaeological activities.
分析 本文是一篇記敘文,主要講述了安第斯山區(qū)的最新考古發(fā)現(xiàn)以及這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的重大意義.考古學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)古印加人曾經(jīng)在山頂舉行祭祀儀式,把孩子送到山頂祭祀,這些孩子在成人的護送下登山,有可能被活埋致死.考古學(xué)家在安第斯山區(qū)搜尋祭祀遺物方面有多項考古發(fā)現(xiàn),其中有出土的遺體、陪葬物品等;這些有很大的考古價值,從中我們可以用來研究了解古印加人的生產(chǎn)、生活和文化等情況.
解答 67.B. 根據(jù)第一段"The ancient Inca saw things differently though,some 500years ago,three children arrived at the slopes of the 22,000feet peak.The three had spent time at the 17,000feet level,taking part in some ceremonies that can only be guessed at.Then,accompanied by a group of adults,they moved steadily upward.They would not return.Once at the peak,the children-two girls and a boy,between eight and 15years old-would be ceremonially sacrificed and buried beneath 5feet of broken rocks.They may even have been buried alive."可知,古印加人把孩子送到山頂祭祀,古印加人曾經(jīng)在山頂舉行祭祀儀式.山頂?shù)淖匀画h(huán)境在過去和現(xiàn)并沒有太大差別,因此A項是錯誤的.對于這些孩子的死亡方式用了might一詞表示猜測,所以C項不對.D項是錯的,因為文中提到了accompanied by a group of adults,說明他們是在成人的護送下登山的.故選B.
68.C.根據(jù)第二段提到Reinhard在安第斯山區(qū)搜尋祭祀遺物方面的多項考古發(fā)現(xiàn),并引用其它考古學(xué)家的話說他最近的發(fā)現(xiàn)是"fantastic discovery".文章最后文中第二段對Reinhard的身份說明中指出他是一個受國家地理協(xié)會資助的獨立考古學(xué)家,因此A是錯誤的.獨立考古學(xué)家的工作很重要,但不等于考古發(fā)現(xiàn)就依賴他們,所以B也是錯誤的.安第斯考古活動有很多方面的內(nèi)容,遺體出土只是其中一項,文中也講到陪葬物品的考古價值,所以D也不對.故選C.
69.D.根據(jù)第三段中"What makes it so fantastic is not just the bodies themselves,but also the wealth of works of art that were buried along with them:36gold and silver statues,small woven bags,pottery,a small camel figure and seashell necklaces."發(fā)現(xiàn)的陪葬品,尤其是那個"beautiful yellow,geometrically designed cover"可以看出古代印加人的工藝水平已經(jīng)相當(dāng)高了.遺體保存較好主要是由于冰雪的緣故,和印加人保存尸體的技術(shù)無關(guān),A是錯誤的.文中并沒有提到這些孩子們在死前的情況,所以B不能成立.文中講到從陪葬品可以看出孩子們來自上層社會,但不等于"富有家庭的孩子經(jīng)常成為祭物",所以C項不對.
70.A.根據(jù)第二段最末引用其他科學(xué)家的話說這次發(fā)現(xiàn)"fantastic",在第三段最末又說所發(fā)現(xiàn)的物品也將讓考古學(xué)家對祭祀儀式有更多的了解.最后一段也介紹了科學(xué)家們將對這次發(fā)現(xiàn)展開研究工作,由此可見,這次發(fā)現(xiàn)可以促進對古印加人的研究工作.故選C.
點評 解答細節(jié)理解題時,一個常用的方法就是運用定位法,即根據(jù)題干和選項中的關(guān)鍵詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子,與選項進行比較從而確定答案;推理判斷題既要求學(xué)生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思,又要求學(xué)生對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷,力求從作者的角度去考慮,不要固守自己的看法或觀點.