What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?

We all know that science plays an important role in our societies. However, many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first aspect is the application of the machines, products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. The second is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.

What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is curious - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation, and looks for relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.

He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective（客觀的） and uses the facts he observes to the fullest. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum（光譜）.

He does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available. He rejects authority as the only basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively.

Furthermore, he does not readily accept his own idea, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.

Lastly, he is full of imagination since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to guess how processes work and how events take place.

These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.

38. Many people believe that science helps society to progress through ________.

A. knowledge                               B. more than one aspect

C. technology                               D. the use of machines

39. Which of the following statements about a curious scientist is TRUE?

A. He doesn’t find confidence and pleasure in work.

B. He makes efforts to investigate potential connections.

C. He is interested in problems that are explained.

D. He looks for new ways of acting.

40. According to the passage, a successful scientist would NOT ________.

A. easily believe in unchecked statements              B. easily criticize others’ research work

C. always use his imagination in work                  D. always use evidence from observation

41. Which word can be used to describe the data that a good scientist uses?

A. complete       B. accurate        C. objective           D. complicated

42. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Application of technology.                              B. Progress in modem society.

C. Scientists’ ways of thinking and acting.           D. How to become a successful scientist.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Nothing says love like a dozen long – stemmed roses on Valentine’s Day. More than a million roses will be sold during this festival for lovers, the biggest day of the year for the nation’s rose industry. It’s going to remain the most popular flower because love never goes out of style.

Yes, a rose is a rose is a rose. But selling them is no longer a beautiful experience for traditional flower shops. Supermarkets now offer convenience to the busy and discount rose shops help those hopelessly in love save money. Roses only is a good example of a discount rose retailer that was transformed from a traditional shop to answer the challenge in the’ 90s.

Inside this store on Sixth Avenue near 40 th Street, contemporary white furniture and wall – to – wall mirrors give it an expensive look. Customers move about freely among the counters, looking eagerly at the roses in more than 50 colors from shelf to shelf. Some customers say it’s the high quality of the roses that attracts them there. “I spent $ 20 but the flowers looked like I paid 60 or 70 dollars,” says one customer.

Studies show more people are buying roses in ones, two and threes these days. In fact, more than half of all roses are sold in bunches of fewer than a dozen. But Roses Only's low prices encourage people to spend. Even on Valentine's Day, when the price of a dozen roses and delivery can soar as high as $150, 12 of Roses Only's most expensive flowers sell for just $35. The company's key to success is to hold prices down by controlling every link in the rose chain. It grows its own roses in the sunshine of the Andes Mountains. In addition, the company also sells other items such as ballons and stuffed animals.    

       While discount rose retailers are witnessing their business bloom, U.S. rose growers aren’t able to compete with the fierce foreign competition. More than 57% of roses sold in the USA are grown in other countries. The biggest foreign producers are Colombia and Ecuador, which accounted for almost 90% of the total imported last year. The trend has hurt domestic rose growers such as Johnson Flowers of California, considered to be this country's leading producer.

Now, instead of fighting overseas rivals, the Johnsons are trying to work with them. "We have a few big fighting overseas rivals, the Johnsons are trying to work with them. “We may also widen our business to include the service area and be a representative for overseas flower producers.”

       As a result of severe competition, those in the rose business long for the good old days, whereas ordinary people benefit from the low price.

60．What is the central theme of this text?

A．The US rose business is going from bad to worse in spite of the efforts made.

B．The rose will remain the most popular flower as love never goes out of date.

C．The rose business is trying to meet the challenges in the market to succeed.

D．The rose industry plays an important role in American economy.

61．How does Roses Only obtain success in the discount rose retailing field?

       A．By setting up more chain stores across the country.

B．By selling roses in supermarkets.

C．By selling high quality roses at a low price.

D．By selling roses by the dozen.

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				科目：高中英語(yǔ)
				來(lái)源：2012-2013學(xué)年湖南省邵陽(yáng)縣石齊學(xué)校高二第三次月考英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析）
				題型：閱讀理解
			
      

						
      How old is “old”?  The answer has changed over the years. Two hundred years ago，you were old at 35.At the beginning of the 20 th century，the average life span（平均壽命）was 45. In 1950，70-year-olds were really old.Today，a healthy 70-year-old is still thought young.
       So，how old is old? The answer is one you’ve heard many times，from all kinds of people.“You are as old（or young）as you feel.”Your age simply tells you how many years you have lived.Your body tells you how well you’ve lived.
       “Nobody grows old by living a number of years.” wrote a writer.“People grow old when they don’t have their ideas.”
      People shouldn’t have the wrong ideas about aging.Sometimes，older minds can be as bright as young minds.Alice Brophy once said，“It makes me unhappy when people say，‘You look young for your age�！� What does that mean?You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80. ” 
      【小題1】In 1950, the average life span was       .
      A．35B．45C．50D．70
      【小題2】People grow old when        according to a writer.
      A．they don’t have their ideas.B．they live many years.
      C．They can’t live longer.D．they have their ideas.
      【小題3】The meaning of the underlined word “aging” is “        ” 
      A．growing oldB．staying young
      C．keeping healthyD．feeling unhappy
      【小題4】Which question is NOT answered in the passage?
      A．Can older people be as bright as young people? 
      B．What’s the wrong ideas about aging?
      C．How old is “old”?
      D．what is the average life span today?
      【小題5】The passage is mainly about __________ .
      A．the average life spanB．a(chǎn)ging
      C．the 20th centuryD．older people and young people
      

			
      

			
      
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				科目：高中英語(yǔ)
				來(lái)源：浙江省舟山市2010屆高三高考模擬試題（英語(yǔ)）
				題型：閱讀理解
			
      

						
       
      


      第二部分：閱讀理解（第一節(jié)20小題，第二節(jié)5小題；每小題2分，滿分50分）
      


      第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D)
中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
      


      Being interested in a
theme park since the time that I was a child, I have learned a thing or two
over the years about packing for a day of fun. A trip to a theme park is always
a adventure, but if you’re not prepared, your day of fun could easily turn into
a tiny little nightmare(噩夢(mèng)). It is important to pack long sleeved(帶袖的) shirts or jackets for all members of your family. I is also a good
idea to pack an extra pair of socks for each member of the family, especially
the children, as those wonderful water rides can be fun, but wet socks that
won’t dry aren’t so much fun.
      


      You don’t want to pack
too much food, as you will probably want to experience at least some of the
food offered at the theme park of your choice(that’s half of the fun), but it’s
always a good idea to bring some energy increasing snacks, such as fruit,trail
mix,etc. This can mean the difference between spending a lot of money on snacks
or a little money on one or two good meals.
      


      Theme parks,while fun
and exciting, can wear a person out,especially a child, so it’s important to
keep hydrated(含水的). I would suggest packing one bottle of water
per person, and possibly a couple of cans of soda or bottles of juice as well.
      


      It’s a good idea to
have at least two cell phones or even a set of “walkie-talkies” in the event
that your family gets,separated in the park. It’s a good idea to give one of
these things to the children and one to the parents and make sure that each of
them knows how to use it. This could be the difference between trouble and a
happy ending,
      


      1.You should get well
prepared before going to a theme park__________.
      


        A. because the
trip always costs much money
      


      B.because there are always too many people in a theme park.
      


      C. so as not to suffer from bad dreams when going back
      


      D.so as to cut down your trip expenses and have more fun
      


      2.From the passage, we
can know_______________.
      


        A.the author was
fond of visiting theme parks when he was a child
      


      B.wearing wet socks in a theme park will bring children
much fun
      


      C.it is terrible to have a taste of the food offered in a theme
park.
      


      D. we’d better bring enough food, clothing and water when
going to a theme park
      


      3.What does th
underlined part”walkie-talkies” in the last paragraph probably refer to?
      


        A. A kind of
transportation tool          
B.A kind of musical instrument
      


      C.A kind of
CDplayer                 
D.A kind of phone
      


      4.How many types of
things does the author advise us to pack for day trips to a theme park?
      


        A
Three        
B.Five      C.Six      D.
Eight
      


       
      

			
      

			
      
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				科目：高中英語(yǔ)
				來(lái)源：浙江省紹興市2010屆高三適應(yīng)性考試英語(yǔ)試題
				題型：閱讀理解
			
      

						
      


      A team from Krakow, in Poland, used
functional magnetic resonance imaging （機(jī)能性核共振成像）（FMRI）to
assess brain activity when 40 volunteers were shown various images．Men showed activity in areas
which dealt with what action they should take in order to avoid or face up to
danger．But the
study found more activity in the emotional centers of women's brains．The researchers, from another
university, carried out scans on 21 men and 19 women．Brain activity was monitored
while the volunteers were shown images of objects and images from ordinary life
designed to remind different emotional states．
      


      The images were displayed in two runs．For the first run, only
negative pictures were shown．For the second run, only positive pictures were shown．
      


      While viewing the negative images, women
showed stronger and broader activity in the left thalamus（神經(jīng)床）．This is an area which
passes sense information to the pain and pleasure centres of the brain．Men showed more activity in an
area of the brain called the left insula（腦島）, which plays a key role in controlling natural functions, including
breath, heart rate and digestion．Generally, activity in this area tells the body to either run away
from danger, or meet it head on - the so-called "fight or flight
response"．
      


      While viewing positive images, women showed
stronger activity in an area of the brain associated with memory．With men, the stronger activity
was recorded in an area associated with visual processing．Dr Urbanik believes these
differences suggest women may analyze positive stimuli（刺激）in a broader social context
and associate positive images with a particular memory．
      


      For instance, viewing a picture of a
smiling child might remind memories of a woman's own child at this age．On the contrary, male responses
tend to be less emotional．
      


      1．The research shows that men response differently
to__________compared with women．
      


      A．different images    B．ordinary life 
      


      C．different activities        D．medical scan
      


      2．According to the passage, when faced with danger, ____________．
      


      A．women react more slowly than men      
B．women usually try
to avoid it 
      


      C．men usually have no
reaction         D．men react to it more directly
      


      3．What is discussed in the 4 th
paragraph?         ．
      


      A．Men and women’s different memories   B．The different responses to the
children
      


      C．Different reactions to positive stimuli    D．Negative results of the visual
processing
      


      3．The passage mainly develops______．
      


      A．by
inferring                  
B．by comparing  
      


      C．by listing examples       D．by giving explanations
      


       
      

			
      

			
      
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				科目：高中英語(yǔ)
				來(lái)源：安徽省合肥市2010年高三下學(xué)期第三次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試題（英語(yǔ)）
				題型：閱讀理解
			
      

						
       
      


          A team from Krakow, in
Poland, used functional magnetic resonance imaging (機(jī)能性核共振成像) (FMRI) to assess brain
activity when 40 volunteers were shown various images. Men showed activity in
areas which dealt with what action they should take in order to avoid or face
up to danger. But the study found more activity in the emotional centers of
women's brains. The researchers, from another university, carried out scans on
21 men and 19 women. Brain activity was monitored while the volunteers were
shown images of objects and images from ordinary life designed to remind
different emotional states. 
      


      The images were displayed in two runs. For
the first run, only negative pictures were shown. For the second run, only
positive pictures were shown. 
      


      While viewing the negative images, women
showed stronger and broader activity in the left thalamus（神經(jīng)床）. This is an area which
passes sense information to the pain and pleasure centres of the brain. Men
showed more activity in an area of the brain called the left insula（腦島）, which plays a key role in
controlling natural functions, including breath, heart rate and digestion.
Generally, activity in this area tells the body to either run away from danger,
or meet it head on - the so-called "fight or flight response". 
      


      While viewing positive images, women showed
stronger activity in an area of the brain associated with memory. With men, the
stronger activity was recorded in an area associated with visual processing. Dr
Urbanik believes these differences suggest women may analyze positive stimuli（刺激）in a broader social context
and associate positive images with a particular memory. 
      


      For instance, viewing a picture of a
smiling child might remind memories of a woman's own child at this age. On the
contrary, male responses tend to be less emotional.
      


      1．The research shows that men response differently
to         compared with women.
      


               A．different images                  B．ordinary life
      


               C．different activities              D．medical scan
      


      2．According to the passage, when faced with
danger,            .
      


               A．women react more slowly than
men         B．women usually try to avoid it    
      


               C．men usually have no reaction   D．men react to it more directly
      


      3．What is discussed in the 4 th paragraph?         
.
      


               A．Men and women’s different
memories
      


               B．The different responses to the
children
      


               C．Different reactions to positive
stimuli
      


               D．Negative results of the visual
processing
      


      4．The passage mainly
develops           .
      


               A．by inferring                  B．by comparing
      


               C．by listing examples    D．by giving explanations
      


       
      

			
      

			
      
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