9．We may all have had the embarrassing moment：Getting half-way through a story only to realize that we've told this exact tale before，to the person we're boring with it now．Why do we make such memory mistakes？
According to research published in Psychological Science，it may have to do with the way our brains process different types of memory．
Researchers Nigel Gopie，of the Rotman Research Institute in Toronto，and Colin Macleod，of the University of Waterloo，divided memory into two kinds．The first was source memory，or the ability to keep track of where information is coming from．The second was destination memory，or the ability to recall who we have given information to．
They found that source memory functions better than destination memory，in part because of the direction in which that information is travelling．
To study the differences between source and destination memory，the researchers did an experiment on 60university students，according to a New York Times report．The students were asked to associate 50random （ 隨意的） facts with the faces of 50famous people．Half of the students"told"each fact to one of the faces，reading it aloud when the celebrity's picture appeared on a computer screen．The other half read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterward．
When later asked to recall which facts went with which faces，the students who were giving information out （destination memory） scored about 16percent lower on memory performance compared with the students receiving information （source memory）．
The researchers concluded that out-going information was less associated with its environmental context （背景）----that is，the person----than was incoming information．
This makes sense given what is known about attention．A person who is giving information，even little facts，will devote some mental resources to thinking about what is being said．Because our attention is finite（有限的），we give less attention to the person we are giving information to．
After a second experiment with another group of 40students，the researchers concluded that self-focus is another factor that undermines destination memory．
They asked half the students to continue giving out random information，while the other told things about themselves．This time around，those who were talking about themselves did 15percent worse than those giving random information．
"When you start telling these personal facts compared with non-self facts，suddenly destination memory goes down more，suggesting that it is the self-focus component （成分） that's reducing the memory，Gopie told Live Science．
66．The point of this article is toC．
A．give advice on how to improve memory
B．say what causes the memory to worsen
C．explain why we repeat stories to the same person
D．introduce different kinds of memories
67．Those who read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterwardA．
A．can memorize more information
B．have worse memory
C．a(chǎn)re more likely to repeat stories
D．paid more attention to themselves
68．The person who is giving informationB．
A．may receive little facts
B．focuses more on what he is saying
C．has finite attention
D．says much attention to his own behavior
69．The underlined word"undermines"probably meansA．
A．weakens B．benefits
C．explains D．supports
70．What did the scientists conclude from the second experiment？D
A．Destination memory is weaker than source memory．
B．Focusing attention on oneself leads to relatively poor source memory performance．
C．Associating personal experience with information helps people memorize better．
D．Self-focus is responsible for giving information twice or more to the same person．
分析 本文是一篇科教類閱讀，主要解釋了人為什么會犯"將同一個故事重復(fù)講給同一個人聽"的記憶錯誤．
解答 66-70 CABAD
66題答案：C考查細(xì)節(jié)推理，根據(jù)文章首段的Getting half-way through a story only to realize that we've told this exact tale before，to the person we're boring with it now．Why do we make such memory mistakes？故事講到一半我們才意識到我們已經(jīng)對厭倦于這個故事的人講過，為什么我們會犯這樣的記憶錯誤呢？可知本題答案為C選項．
67題答案：A考查細(xì)節(jié)推理，根據(jù)文章第五段Half of the students"told"each fact to one of the faces，reading it aloud when the celebrity's picture appeared on a computer screen．The other half read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterward．當(dāng)名人的照片出現(xiàn)在電腦屏幕上時，半數(shù)學(xué)生說出每張臉的細(xì)節(jié)并且將其大聲讀出來（發(fā)出信息），另外的一半默默地閱讀每個細(xì)節(jié)并且之后會看到一張不同名人的照片（接收信息），及第六段的When later asked to recall which facts went with which faces，the students who were giving information out （destination memory） scored about 16percent lower on memory performance compared with the students receiving information （source memory）．后來在記憶表現(xiàn)中被問及回憶哪些細(xì)節(jié)對應(yīng)哪些臉時，發(fā)出信息的學(xué)生（目標(biāo)記憶）所獲分?jǐn)?shù)要比接收信息的學(xué)生（資源記憶）低百分之16．可知本題答案為A選項．
68題答案：B考查細(xì)節(jié)推理，根據(jù)原文第八段A person who is giving information，even little facts，will devote some mental resources to thinking about what is being said．可知本題答案為B選項．
69題答案：A考查細(xì)節(jié)推理，根據(jù)原文第十段的They asked half the students to continue giving out random information，while the other told things about themselves．This time around，those who were talking about themselves did 15percent worse than those giving random information．他們要求一半學(xué)生給出隨意的信息，而另一半講述關(guān)于自己的事情．這一輪中那些談?wù)撟约旱膶W(xué)生比給出隨機(jī)信息的學(xué)生表現(xiàn)要糟糕15%．可知"自我專注"是另個"弱化"目標(biāo)記憶的因素，故本題答案為A選項．
70題答案：D考查細(xì)節(jié)推理，最后一段講的是"自我專注"是弱化"目標(biāo)記憶"的原因，而"目標(biāo)記憶"正好是"一種回憶我們將信息給予了誰的能力（講故事即屬于這種記憶）"；故本題答案為D選項"自我專注是重復(fù)對同一個人多次敘述故事的原因"．
點評 本文是一篇科教類閱讀，題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對 性找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案．推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案．
