Question

【題目】任務型閱讀

請認真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。

注意：每個空格只填1個單詞。請將答案寫在答題卡上相應題號的橫線上。

Child sponsorship moves beyond the basics

One of the most popular forms of charitable giving in use today is child sponsorship as witnessed by the fact that just one of the leading child sponsorship charities currently has over 1 million individual child sponsors worldwide. Despite this huge level of support, it is not generally understood exactly what child sponsorship actually involves.

Most people tend to assume that one’s chosen charity arranges for sponsors to be matched up with an underprivileged child in one of the poorer underdeveloped countries. The idea is that you essentially take a child under your wing and act almost like a fairy godmother or father until he or she attains adulthood and can stand on his or her own two feet.

To a large extent, this is a pretty accurate impression. New sponsors are matched with individual children and can typically choose which country, which sex and which age group they would prefer. They then exchange photos and letters on a regular basis. This obviously helps the sponsors to see at first-hand how their donations are benefiting the children.

The sponsorship itself costs approximately 15 per month and many donators choose to sponsor more than one child at once. One common wrong impression about these regular donations is that they go direct to the child’s parents or guardian in order to pay for essentials such as food or education. In reality, some of the longest established child sponsorship charities have found that this is largely ineffective and can cause anger among other children in the community who might not be so fortunate.

Instead, some of the largest charities prefer to pool total donations and carry out larger schemes to assist the whole community. Nor are all the funds diverted (分配使用) towards obvious short term relief like providing food, water and basic healthcare. There is a strong emphasis on self-help and personal development so that future generations will be self-sustaining and not so reliant on outside assistance.

To this end, sponsors will often find their donations finding their way into things like training courses to teach teenagers how to farm, small grants (補助金) for business start-ups and introducing the concept of village-based savings and loan organizations.

There is no doubt that the top sponsorship charities have been active for so long in many countries that they are now taking a leading role in aiding the overall welfare of children and ensuring that they are not exposed to discrimination and abuse.

Child sponsorship moves beyond the basics
Passage outline	Supporting details
Current 【1】 of child sponsorship	◇Child sponsorship has enjoyed great popularity and huge support. ◇What it actually involves is not quite 【2】 to the general public.
A usual practice of child sponsorship	◇Donators help them until they grow up and can 【3】 themselves. ◇The charity【4】 the underprivileged children with sponsors according to their preference. ◇Sponsors keep in【5】 with the children to know what’s going on with the donation. ◇Donations go to the children’s parents or guardians to pay for essentials, which proves 【6】 .
A new practice of child sponsorship	◇Charities 【7】 larger schemes covering the whole community by gathering the individual donations. ◇The schemes include training teenagers, 【8】 their business start-ups and developing their financial awareness. ◇It【9】 personal development and independence for future generations by focusing on larger schemes.
Conclusion	◇Thanks to the 【10】 efforts of child sponsorship, the overall welfare and the rights of children are guaranteed.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】situation(s)/ state(s)

【2】clear/ familiar/ known

【3】support

【4】matches

【5】contact/ touch

【6】ineffective

【7】undertake/ conduct/ perform

【8】funding/ financing

【9】emphasizes/ highlights/ underlines/ stresses

【10】consistent/ continuous/ constant

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹了兒童贊助的一些狀況和偏離基本出發(fā)點的具體表現(xiàn)，以及各種組織所作出的不斷努力，改變了原有狀況。

【1】situation(s)/ state(s) 考查總結(jié)能力，根據(jù)后面格子里的信息，可知是現(xiàn)在兒童贊助的現(xiàn)狀、情形如何。

【2】clear/ familiar/ known 考查句型轉(zhuǎn)換，將it is not generally understood exactly換一種說法，這事被理解的不確切，也就是不為公眾所知，所熟悉。

【3】support 考查細節(jié)理解能力。由第二段最后一句 until he or she attains adulthood and can stand on his or her own two feet.可知，直到他成年，可以自食其力。也就是能自己養(yǎng)活自己。

【4】matches 考查句型轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)文中第四段New sponsors are matched with individual children and can typically choose which country, which sex and which age group they would prefer.可以看出，新的贊助者可以根據(jù)自己喜好選擇他們想要幫助的孩子。

【5】contact/ touch 考查細節(jié)理解題，從第五段They then exchange photos and letters on a regular basis.可見，贊助者和受贊助者之間通過交換照片和信件保持聯(lián)系。

【6】ineffective 考查細節(jié)理解題，從第六段some of the longest established child sponsorship charities have found that this is largely ineffective 可知，從有些長期贊助的情況來看，這種方式是沒有效率的。

【7】undertake/ conduct/ perform 考查同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換，從倒數(shù)第二段some of the largest charities prefer to pool total donations and carry out larger schemes to assist the whole community.可以看出，carry out 的同義詞轉(zhuǎn)化。

【8】funding/ financing 考查細節(jié)理解題，從倒數(shù)第二段like training courses to teach teenagers how to farm, small grants (補助金) for business start-ups 可以看出。

【9】emphasizes/ highlights/ underlines/ stresses 考查細節(jié)理解題，從倒數(shù)第三段最后一句 There is a strong emphasis on self-help and personal development so that future generations will be self-sustaining and not so reliant on outside assistance.可以看出，重點強調(diào)自助和個人發(fā)展，這樣的話將來的一代代人將能夠持續(xù)自我發(fā)展，而不是靠外界給予的幫助。

【10】consistent/ continuous/ constant 考查細節(jié)理解題及同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換，從最后一段 the top sponsorship charities have been active for so long 可以看出，這些組織都一直不斷的在努力。