What is waste and why does it matter?

Waste or rubbish is something that people throw away because they no longer need it or want it. Almost everything we do creates waste and as a society we are currently producing more waste than ever before. We do this at home and at work. The fact that we produce waste, and get rid of it, matters for the following reasons.

When something is thrown away we lose the natural resources, the energy and the time which have been used to make the product. The vast majority of resources that we use in manufacturing products and providing services cannot be replaced. The use of these resources cannot go on indefinitely— we would run out.

When something is thrown away, we are putting pressure on the environment's ability to cope— in terms of the additional environmental impacts associated with extracting the new resources, manufacturing and distributing the goods, and in terms of the environmental impacts associated with getting rid of our rubbish.

When something is thrown away, we are not able to see it as a resource. It is well understood that what is waste to one person may not be viewed as waste by another. A good example of this is scrap metal（金屬廢料）which has been recycled for many years. Increasingly people are realizing that it makes economic sense as well as environmental sense to use "waste" rather than just throw it away.

The process of using up the earth's natural resources to make products which we then throw away, sometimes a very short time later, is not "sustainable" — in other words, it cannot continue indefinitely.

The way we consume materials will affect whether we have a sustainable society that leaves resources available for future generations to use. As consumers and producers, we are central to the concept of sustainability. We need to think about how we can get more out of less, how we can use less and throw away less and how we can do better things with our so-called "waste" than throw it away. We need to see "waste" as a "resource".

Title

The problem with waste

1.

Waste or rubbish is what people throw away when they do not need it or want it any longer.

Important 2.on society

The natural resources, the energy and the time used to make the product become 3.when something is thrown away. The vast majority of resources can’t be replaced and they would be 4.up.

The environment's ability to extract the new resources, manufacture and distribute the goods and get rid of rubbish is 5. pressure.

People 6. to see it as a resource. Increasingly, people are realizing that it makes both economic sense and environmental sense to use "waste" 7.of just throwing it away.

Result

We’ll leave fewer resources 8. for future generations to use.

9.

People should have the 10. of sustainability, thinking about getting more out of less, using less, throwing less and doing better things with it.

People should see "waste" as a "resource".

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：2017-2018學(xué)年高中英語（牛津譯林版必修二江蘇卷） 單元綜合測評2 題型：單項填空

An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ________it.

A. against B. for

C. to D. with

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：福建省廈門市2017屆高三第二次（5月）質(zhì)檢英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

Jumping off random cliffs(懸崖) into the sea is not clever. However, as a sport, coasteering uses local experts to help groups travel around the coast so they can then jump safely and have a lot of fun in the process. But coasteering is also so much more than cliff jumping.

A usual day’s coasteering will involve swimming, climbing, scrambling(攀巖) and cliff jumping. All trips begin with a safety brief and equipment check. You will be equipped with a helmet, wetsuit and life vest. You will need to wear some old sneakers you don’t mind getting wet.

From here it could be a short swim to the first jump site. Following an instructor, you swim through rock pools, around rough rocks and right up to the next jump spot. A brief climb and you’ll be standing on the edge wondering, “Why the hell did I agree to this?” Then, and to the yell of your friends, you’re leaping in, with a smile that’s guaranteed to last the rest of the day.

Coasteering is certainly more than cliff jumping. If ever a sport could claim to be confidence building, this is it. And it’s also a perfect activity for groups of friends or for adventurous families who want to explore the coast. Many companies offer daily trips, so even if you are on your own or a couple you can join in with a large group. Companies use trained guides with much knowledge of local tides and weather conditions. These people lead the show and are qualified lifesavers as well.

Coasteering is already popular around the UK. At least now you won’t have to ask “What is coasteering?” if someone you know gives it a go.

1.What is coasteering?

A. A daily sightseeing trip.

B. A non-expert guided diving.

C. A cliff and water based sport.

D. A group activity of climbing.

2.What is the benefit of coasteering?

A. Building confidence.

B. Developing independence.

C. Improving guiding skills.

D. Enriching lifesaving experience.

3.What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?

A. You felt scared and regretful.

B. You became totally tired.

C. You discovered your potential.

D. You gained complete relief.

4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A. To introduce coasteering.

B. To organize coasteering.

C. To advertise spots for coasteering.

D. To train coasteering-lovers.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：內(nèi)蒙古烏蘭察布分校2016-2017學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期第二次調(diào)考英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

What should you think about when trying to find your career？You are probably better at some school subjects than others.These may show the strengths that you can use in your work.A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work.So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school.On the other hand，you may not have any specially strong subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard.Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job，they may have indirect value.A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details.This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.

Your school may have taught you skills，such as typing or technical drawing，which you can use in your work.You may be good at metalwork or cookery and look for a job where you can improve these skills.If you have had a part?time job on Saturdays or in the summer，think what you gained from it.If nothing else，you may have learned how to get to work on time，to follow instructions and to get on with older workers.You may have learned to give correct change in a shop，for example.Just as important，you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part?time job.

Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself.You may be_ all_ thumbs when you handle tools；perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures.It is better to face any weakness than to pretend they do not exist.Your school record，for instance，may not be too good，yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic(認(rèn)錯的)about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.

1.What is the passage mainly about?

A. The importance of working hard at school.

B. Choosing a career according to one's strengths.

C. How to face one's weakness.

D. The value of school work.

2.According to the passage，doing a part?time job for a student is probably ______.

A. a good way to find out his weak points

B. one of the best ways of earning extra money

C. of great use for his work in the future

D. a waste of time he could have spent on study

3.The underlined phrase “be all thumbs”(in Para.3)probably means “______”．

A. be clumsy at doing things B. be skillful in doing things

C. be not interested in certain things D. be easily bored in doing things

4.From the last paragraph we know one should ______.

A. make full use of one's own weak points B. study harder for a new school record

C. apologize for one's own school record D. face one's own weak points bravely

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：重慶市招生全國統(tǒng)一考試4月調(diào)研測英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

The New economy has brought great business opportunities besides great challenges. Not since the Industrial Revolution has managing with change been so urgent a matter. Indeed, the Information Age has accelerated the pace of market and business changes to the point where some firms have set up "change departments" whose job is to constantly look for opportunities to change the firm and make it more productive.

Most firms have accepted the fact that they must make major changes. To remain competitive, companies recognize that they need to be in a constant process of changing themselves. This change is accompanied by the need to be willing to take risks in management style. Managers with such spirit have called themselves "change agents".

Despite some remarkable successes, however, introducing managing change has not been a simple matter. Firms have tried to introduce change to achieve its attendant efficiencies (節(jié)省幵支）through new technologies, restructuring, or outsourcing. Yet, this has cost a great deal of time and money, but often led to at best mixed results: approximately 75% of all change activities failed. 、

The reason for most of these failures is that change often lacks a central focus. Managers become confused by all different and sometimes conflicting advice they receive about change management. The result is a loss of central focus and disorganized policies. To improve their chances of success, it is extremely important that managers should understand the nature and process of the whole company's change and its challenges much better.

1.What is the article mainly about?

A. Developing strong marketing plans.

B. Bringing in top technologies.

C. Ways for companies to hire better managers.

D. Changes of companies' operations.

2.The words "change agents" in Paragraph 2 are closest in meaning to “_____ ”.

A. instructors B. customers

C. reformers D. performers

3.According to the article, why do companies frequently fail to change?

A. Managers are conservative. B. Not enough attention is paid.

C. Employees generally fight change. D. Policies are not well directed.

4.What does the article suggest managers do?

A. Spend more time and money. B. Improve their knowledge.

C. Buy more advanced technologies. D. Face their challenge directly.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：江蘇省牛津譯林版英語Module 5 Unit 2 test2 題型：單項填空

My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has______.

A. cut out B. cut down

C. cut up D. cut off

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：江蘇省牛津譯林版英語Module 5 Unit 2 test2 題型：單項填空

—I just got laid off. An awful business, you know.

—_______So are you all right?

A. That’s a shame. B. It doesn’t hurt to ask.

C. Is it as bad as that? D. Believe in yourself!

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：福建省寧德市2016-2017學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)合考試英語試卷 題型：單項填空

Next time you play your favorite sport, think about you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in your life.

A. which B. what

C. why D. whether

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：福建省莆田市2016-2017學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

Disposing(處理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.

During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dumpsite. Residents or trash haulers(垃圾托運(yùn)者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically(定期的) some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.

Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.

Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential(住宅區(qū)的)neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent.

Awareness of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.

Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city's reusable waste.

1.The most suitable title for this passage would be ______.

A. Waste Disposal Problem B. Waste Pollution Dangers

C. Ways of Getting Rid of Waste D. Places for Disposing Waste

2.During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for ______.

A. burying it B. burning it

C. recycling it D. throwing it into rivers

3.What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?

A. Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.

B. There is cheap land to bury waste in modem society.

C. Ways to deal with waste in modem society stay the same.

D. It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modem society.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案