A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage．Foods can go bad if they get too warm．But for many of the world’s poor, finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult．Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity．

       Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses．Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly．

       But in 1995, a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bath Abba found a solution．He developed the “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System．” It uses two round containers made of clay．A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one．

       The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand．The inner pot can be filled with fruit, vegetables or drinks．A piece of wet cloth covers the whole cooling system．

       Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation （蒸發(fā)） process．Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot, where drier outside air is moving．

       The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees．This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria．Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks．

       People throughout Nigeria began using the invention．And it became popular with farmers in other African countries．Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first five thousand pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby．

       In 2000, the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise．This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being．

       A committee considers projects in science and medicine, technology, exploration and discovery, the environment and cultural history．Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects．

       The award is given every two years．The next one will be given in 2008．

1．According to the text, why will the food in the inner pot not go bad?

       A．The temperature is lower than the outside．

       B．Both of the pots are made of clay．

       C．It is covered with a wet cloth．

       D．Drier air is moving outside the pots．

2．What makes foods go bad if they get too warm according to the text?

       A．The water in the food．                                                                                      B．The air around the food．

       C．The harmful bacteria．                                                                                              D．The writer doesn’t mention it．

3．Rolex Watch Company gave Mohammed Bah Abba an award because _________ ．

       A．he saved lots of energy                                                                                        B．he made contribution to common people

       C．he was more than a good teacher

       D．he made a great discovery in Africa

4．From the text we can infer this article was probably written in _________．

       A．1995       B．1996          C．2000           D．2007

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President Clinton was born in the little southern town of Hope, Arkansas, on August 19,1946. But his name was not Bill Clinton. It was William Jefferson Blythe. His mother named his for his father, who had been killed in a car accident a few months before he was born. When Bill was four years old, his mother married Roger Clinton who then legally became Bill’s father. Roger Clinton and Bill’s mother had a son, Roger Jr.

Bill Clinton studies international affairs at Georgetown University in Washington, D. C. He won a Rhodes scholarship to study at Oxford University in Britain. There, he met other students with whom he has continued life-long friendships. One of them is Robert Reich, who was just nominated to be Secretary of Labor. After Oxford, Bill Clinton earned a law degree at Yale University.

In 1973, Bill Clinton became a law professor at the University of Arkansas, but he was too interested in politics to stay at the university. He campaigned for the House of Representatives but was defeated. In 1976, he was elected General for the state of Arkansas, the state government’s chief lawyer.

Two years later, Bill Clinton was elected Governor of Arkansas. He was defeated for re-election after his first two-year term. But he was elected Governor again in 1982. He has been re-elected to that office every two years since then.

Bill Clinton married lawyer Hillary Rodham Rodham in 1975. She kept Rodham as her last name until it became an issue during her husband’s 1980 campaign for governor. Since then, she has been known as Hillary Rodham Clinton. The Clintons have a daughter, Chelsea.

70.We learn that Bill Clinton’s father ________.

A. died before Bill Clinton was born        

B. died when Bill Clinton was a few months old

C.left his wife after Bill Clinton was born   

D. was his mother’s second husband

71.Bill Clinton was elected Governor of Arkansas in ________.

A. 1976        B. 1978        C. 1980       D. 1973

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This is a part from US President Barack Obama’s speech on May 14 at Bamard College in New York.
… My last piece of advice – this is simple, but perhaps most important: 36. Nothing worthwhile is easy. No one of achievement has avoided failure – sometimes catastrophic failures. But they keep at it. They learn from mistakes. They don’t 37.
When I first arrived on this 38, I was with little money, fewer options. But it was here that I tried to find my place in this world. I knew I wanted to make a difference, but it was 39 how in fact I’d go about it. But I wanted to do my part to 40 a better world.
So even as I worked after graduation in a few 41 jobs here in New York, even as I went from motley (魚龍混雜的)apartment to motley apartment, I 42.
… And I wish I could say that this perseverance came from some innate (天生的)toughness in me. But the truth is, it was 43. I got it from 44 the people who raised me. I grew up as the son of a single mom who struggled to put herself through 45 and make ends meet. She had a marriage that fell apart; 46 went on food stamps at one point to help us 47. But she didn’t quit. And she earned her degree, and made sure that 48 scholarships and hard work, my sister and I earned 49.
And 50, I met a woman who was assigned to advise me on my first summer job at a law firm. And she gave me such good advice that I married her. And Michelle and I gave everything we had to balance our careers and a 51 family. We made that marriage work.
… So 52 it’s starting a business, or running for office, or 53 an amazing family, remember that making your 54  on the world is hard. It takes patience. It takes commitment. It comes with plenty of 55 and it comes with plenty of failures.

【小題1】
A．competeB．persevereC．struggleD．preservation
【小題2】
A．restB．declineC．quitD．regret
【小題3】
A．campusB．downtownC．farmD．country
【小題4】
A．confidentB．uncertainC．a(chǎn)mbitiousD．proud
【小題5】
A．shapeB．instructC．organizeD．lead
【小題6】
A．a(chǎn)mazingB．disturbingC．meaningfulD．unsatisfactory
【小題7】
A．reached outB．put outC．gave outD．made out
【小題8】
A．presentedB．structuredC．learnedD．created
【小題9】
A．copyingB．detectingC．persuadingD．watching
【小題10】
A．lifeB．workC．schoolD．business
【小題11】
A．yetB．evenC．stillD．a(chǎn)lso
【小題12】
A．get byB．come byC．get alongD．come along
【小題13】
A．duringB．throughC．a(chǎn)crossD．over
【小題14】
A．mineB．usC．oursD．hers
【小題15】
A．for the time beingB．long beforeC．up to nowD．later on
【小題16】
A．youngB．poorC．weakD．strong
【小題17】
A．a(chǎn)s ifB．ifC．whetherD．unless
【小題18】
A．risingB．raisingC．a(chǎn)rousingD．a(chǎn)rising
【小題19】
A．viewB．stayC．remarkD．mark
【小題20】
A．goalsB．a(chǎn)dvantagesC．shortcomingsD．setbacks

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How is it that siblings （兄弟姐妹） can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in a different family． The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later． The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival． The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too． One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father．
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A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially． Love-hate relationships were common among the children． Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs．
One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age． Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third． Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters． A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents．
【小題1】In terms of language development, later-borns ________．

A．get their parents’ individual guidance
B．learn a lot from their elder siblings
C．experience a lot of difficulties
D．pick up words more quickly
【小題2】What was found about fights among siblings?
A．Siblings hated fighting and loved playing．
B．Siblings in some families fought frequently．
C．Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships．
D．Siblings learned to get on together from fights．
【小題3】The word “feminine” （in Para． 4） means “_______”．
A．having qualities of parents
B．having qualities of women
C．having defensive qualities
D．having extraordinary qualities

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COOL INVENTIONS
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From school to band practice, the Venturi Eclectic is an Earth-friendly way to get where you want to go. This battery-powered, zero-emission(meaning it doesn’t pollute the air) vehicle runs mainly on renewable energy. Solar panels on the Eclectic’s roof absorb sun rays when you’re driving. On windy days, you can connect a machine to the car’s roof collects energy from the wind while you’re parked. The Eclectic’s top speed is 28 miles an hour; the battery lasts for 31 miles before it needs to be recharged. Zipping （迅速行進(jìn)）round the neighborhood has never been better.
WATER CLOCK
Here’s an eco-friendly way to tell time: Simply fill the Bedol Water-powered Clock’s tank（箱）with water, add some lemon juice, and the clock will display the time without the need for environmentally harmful batteries. There are two sets of metal electrodes（電極）inside the water tank. Water contains ions（離子）that carry negative and positive charges. These ions complete a charge between the electrodes creating enough energy to power the clock. Just refill the tank every few weeks, and this clock will keep on ticking.
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Bloodhound SuperSonic Car (SSC) will be the first car to attempt to break the 1,000-mile-an-hour barrier. (The current record is 763 miles an hour.) a concept for now, the rocket-shaped car gets its initial push to 350 miles an hour from a jet engine. Then a rocket fires up, pushing the SSC past 1,000 miles an hour. In order to keep the car streamlined（流線型的）the driver lies back at a 45-degree angle.
COOL CAMERA
You’re having a blast at your friend’s birthday party. But when it’s time to bring out the cake, everyone crowds around, blocking your view. No worries. Throw the Triops into the air, and this clever camera captures the view from above. The Triops can take three pictures at once, each from different angles. You can also record sounds and command the Triops to start shooting whenever it hears that noise. That’s one smart camera.
1．According to the passage, the Venturi Eclectic______.
A．is popular with businessmen
B．is suitable for a long trip
C．can turn wind into energy
D．has only a little gas emission
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A．They don’t need batteries.
B．They are difficult to operate
C．They can be powered by water
D．They are environmentally friendly
3．The underlined phrase “having a blast” in the last paragraph means______.
A．looking at a picture     B．enjoying yourself    
C．blowing out a candle       D．recording sounds
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The Triops in sensitive to sounds.
B．The driver of the SSC must be of great size.
C．The color of the Bedol Water-powered Clock is like that of lemon
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆江蘇省高三上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

How is it that siblings （兄弟姐妹） can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in a different family． The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later． The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival． The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too． One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father．

Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918． But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others’ lives． Dr． Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings． The reason for this might be that the later children aren’t getting the same one-on-one time with parents． But that doesn’t mean that the younger children have problems with language development． Later-borns don’t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”． 

A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially． Love-hate relationships were common among the children． Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs．

One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age． Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third． Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters． A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents．

1.In terms of language development, later-borns ________．

A．get their parents’ individual guidance

B．learn a lot from their elder siblings

C．experience a lot of difficulties

D．pick up words more quickly

2.What was found about fights among siblings?

A．Siblings hated fighting and loved playing．

B．Siblings in some families fought frequently．

C．Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships．

D．Siblings learned to get on together from fights．

3.The word “feminine” （in Para． 4） means “_______”．

A．having qualities of parents

B．having qualities of women

C．having defensive qualities

D．having extraordinary qualities

 

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