Question

【題目】 Most adults find it hard to recall events from their first few years of life and now scientists have found exactly when these childhood memories fade(消失).

A new study has found that most three-year-olds can recall a lot of what happened to them over a year earlier, and these memories persist while they are five and six, but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.

Most children by the age of eight or nine can only recall 35% of their experiences from under the age of three, according to the new findings.

The scientists behind the research say this is because at around this age the way we form memories begins to change. They say that before the age of seven children do not have a sense of time and place in their memories. In older children, however, the early events they can recall tend to be more adult-like in the way they are formed. Children also have a far faster rate of forgetting than adults. The findings also help to explain why children can often have clear memories of events but then forget them just a couple of years later.

The youngsters first visited the laboratory at the age of three and discussed six unique events from their past, such as family outings, trips to the zoo, and the first day of school. The children then returned for a second session between the ages of five and nine to discuss the same events. The researchers found that between the ages of five and seven, the amount of memories the children could recall remained between 63 -72 percent. However, the amount of information eight-to nine-year-old children could recall dropped to 35 and 36 percent.

【1】What does the new study tell us?

A.Childhood memories decline with years.

B.Three-year-old kids are the cleverest.

C.Childhood memories can fade easily.

D.Some adults cannot recall past events.

【2】What does the underlined word “persist” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Change.B.Remain.

C.Appear.D.Return.

【3】What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

A.Adults cannot have clear memories of past events.

B.Children can think like adults when they get older.

C.Children under 7 years old have different ways of forming memories.

D.Children often forget things because they have no idea of time or place.

【4】In the second session, nine-year-old children _________.

A.refused to discuss the same events

B.remembered all their family outings

C.could recall 72 percent of their past events

D.only remembered a small part of their past events

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了記憶消失的一些知識。大多數(shù)三歲的孩子都能回憶起一年前發(fā)生在他們身上的許多事情，這些記憶在五歲和六歲時依然存在，但到七歲以上時，這些記憶會迅速衰退。在七歲之前，孩子們在記憶中沒有時間感和位置感。在5到7歲之間，孩子們能回憶起的記憶量保持在63%到72%之間。然而，8至9歲兒童能夠回憶起的信息量下降到35%和36%。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段A new study has found that most three-year-olds can recall a lot of what happened to them over a year earlier, and these memories persist while they are five and six, but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.（一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，大多數(shù)三歲的孩子都能回憶起一年前發(fā)生在他們身上的許多事情，這些記憶在他們五歲和六歲時仍然存在，但當(dāng)他們超過七歲時，這些記憶迅速衰退。）可知新研究告訴了我們童年時的記憶隨年齡而衰退。 故選A。

【2】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.到七歲以上時，這些記憶會迅速衰退，可知這些記憶在五歲和六歲時依然存在，故劃線單詞persist的意思是：存在，保留。故選B。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中They say that before the age of seven children do not have a sense of time and place in their memories.（他們說在七歲之前，孩子們在記憶中沒有時間感和位置感。）可知孩子們經(jīng)常忘記事情，因為他們沒有時間感位置感，故選D。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中根據(jù) However, the amount of information eight-to nine-year-old children could recall dropped to 35 and 36 percent.（然而，8至9歲兒童能夠回憶起的信息量下降到35%和36%。）可知在第二階段，九歲的孩子只記得他們過去的一小部分事情。故選D。

詞義猜測題是高考閱讀理解中常考題型之一，可以大致分為

① 定義猜詞，可以根據(jù)定義信息和舉例猜測詞義。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。

② 邏輯猜詞可以根據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等猜測詞義，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。

③ 語法猜詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進行猜詞。

④ 語境猜詞，猜測詞義離不開上下文的語境，通過上下文提供的情景和線索進行合理的分析，同時還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。

⑤ 指代猜詞即找出人稱代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時要注意指代詞的位置，以便于判斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線代詞，核實其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一致，最后比較所找部分與選項，確定意思最接近的選項。

如第二小題，根據(jù)下文but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.到七歲以上時，這些記憶會迅速衰退，可知這些記憶在五歲和六歲時依然存在，故劃線單詞persist的意思是：存在，保留。故選B。