閱讀下面短文，并按照題目要求用英語回答問題。

Sleepless in Seattle? Hardly. West Virginia is where people are really staying awake, according to the first government study to monitor state-by-state differences in sleeplessness. West Virginians’ lack of sleep was about double the national rate,  perhaps a side effect of health problems such as obesity(肥胖), experts said.

Nearly 1 in 5 West Virginians said they did not get a single good night’s sleep in the previous month. The national average was about 1 in 10, according to a federal health survey. Tennessee, Kentucky and Oklahoma also were notably above average with nearly 1 in 7 people reporting in a lack of sleep.  In contrast, North Dakota was below average, with only 1 in 13 reporting that degree of sleeplessness. Health officials do not know the exact reasons for the differences.

In the survey, people weren’t required to answer the question why they were not able to get enough rest or sleep.  But experts noted several possible explanations:  West Virginia ranks at or near the bottom of the nation in several important measurements of health,  including obesity,  smoking,  heart disease and the proportion of adults with disabilities.

Studies have increasingly found that sleeping problems often occurred among people with certain health problems,  including obesity.  “You would expect to see poorer sleep within a chronically (慢性地) diseased population, ” noted Dr.  Ronald Chervin,  an expert in sleep disorders in University of Michigan.

Financial stress and work shifts(倒班)can play roles in sleeplessness,  too,  Chervin added.  He suggested those may be contributing factors in West Virginia, an economically depressed state with tens of thousands of people working in coal mining.

The report was based on results of an annual telephone survey of more than

400, 000 Americans, including at least 3, 900 in each state. The survey did not include people who use only cellphones.

1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?  (No more than 15 words)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What does the underlined word “notably” in Paragraph 2 mean?  (No more than 3 words)

____________________________________________________________________

3. What was the possible reason for the high rate of sleeplessness in West Virginia according to Paragraph 3?  (No more than 12 words)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. List three factors that contribute to sleeplessness based on the passage. 

(No more than 8 words)

①_______________    ② _______________    ③ _______________

5. How was the research carried out?  (No more than 10 words)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. West Virginians suffer from lack of sleep the most perhaps due to health problems.

2. Highly.

3. West Virginia had a low level of several important measurements of health.

4. being too fat     financial stress     work shifts

5. By interviewing over 400, 000 Americans on the telephone.

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