Question

15．此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤．對標(biāo)有題號的每一行做出判斷：
  如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個（√）；
  如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正：
  該行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉
  該行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（A），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞
  該行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞
  注意：原行沒有錯的不要改
     I usually do well on the exams，so my classmates often ask 76．on→in
me what secrets they have．Here are some tips that I may tell   77．they→I
them．First of all，prepare the exams．Give yourself at least    78．prepare后加for
a week or two to review that you have leamt in the past.79．that→what
Second，take break while studying．Physical activity             80．break前加a
helps you relax，makes you think better and clear your           81．clear→clears
mind．Third，tell yourself to keep calmly during the exams.82．calmly→calm
It helps you reduce pressure and gets you ready for exams.83．√
Fourth，arrive at early for the exams so that you won't be       84．去掉at
in a hurry．This also gives you enough time to relax after an exam.85．a(chǎn)fter→before．

Answer 1

分析 文章大意：本文主要是作者給同學(xué)們的一些關(guān)于考試的建議．首先，為考試做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，其次學(xué)習(xí)中途要休息，第三，考試期間保持鎮(zhèn)靜，最后，考試的時候早點(diǎn)進(jìn)入考場，以免匆忙．

解答 I usually do well onthe exams，so my classmates often ask                 76． in
me what secrets they have．Here are some tips that I may tell             77． I
them．First of all，prepare∧the exams．Give yourself at least           78．for
a week or two to review thatyou have leamt in the past.79． what
Second，take∧break while studying．Physical activity                       80．a(chǎn)  
helps you relax，makes you think better andclearyour                         81．clears
mind．Third，tell yourself to keep calmly during the exams.82．calm
It helps you reduce pressure and gets you ready for exams.83．√
Fourth，arrive at early for the exams so that you won't be                   84．at
in a hurry．This also gives you enough time to relax afteran exam.85．before

76．on→in  考查介詞搭配． do well in…"在…做得好"是固定短語．
77．they→I  考查人稱代詞． 由前面的ask me可知，賓語從句的主語應(yīng)是I．78．prepare后加for  考查介詞搭配．"為…做準(zhǔn)備"用prepare for，prepare后接準(zhǔn)備的內(nèi)容或事物．
79．that→what 考查賓語從句．  review后的賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞需要在從句中作learn的賓語，表示事物，故用what．
80．break前加a  考查冠詞． take a break是固定短語，意為"暫停，休息"．
81．clear→clears  考查謂語動詞形式．a(chǎn)nd連接三個并列的動詞，故clear的形式應(yīng)與前面的helps，makes一致．
82．calmly→calm  考查形容詞．keep 是系動詞，后面用形容詞作表語．
83．√
84．去掉at   考查介詞搭配．a(chǎn)rrive后沒有賓語，不需要搭配任何介詞．
85．a(chǎn)fter→before 考查連詞． 根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處表示"考試前"，故用before．

點(diǎn)評 改錯題要注意代詞，連詞以及詞性、人稱的轉(zhuǎn)化．
做好短文改錯題，可以從以下三方面去考慮：1．快速閱讀短文，如抓住中心思想，從整體上對短文有個了解． 2．充分運(yùn)用語言的基礎(chǔ)知識，從句型結(jié)構(gòu)、詞的變化、詞類選擇、詞的搭配、習(xí)慣用法出發(fā)，進(jìn)行分析判斷，盡快找出錯誤在何處． 3．重視整體和語境，從上下文關(guān)系中找出表達(dá)連接關(guān)系或邏輯關(guān)系的詞或詞組，判斷是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系還是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，是因果關(guān)系還是讓步關(guān)系．