Question

All plant cells are capable of taking up（吸收）water. Even dead ones do to a certain degree. Absorption（吸收）of water by dead cell walls makes wood become larger.
In common land plants, the living cells of roots take upmost of the water. Land plants without roots do exist, however. Those greenish-yellow lichens（苔蘚）you see on rocks in the high mountains have no roots. Half a billion years ago, when water plants started to enter the land, the first land plants did not have roots.
Even among the flowering plants, one finds rootless forms. These flowering plants are “the higher plants” because they evolved（進化）recently and are thus considered higher on the evolutionary scale（進化度）.
In the Peruvian desert, there grows one of these rootless higher plants, a bromeliad. It is a relative of the pineapple. Even if this plant had roots, they would be of no use, because where the plant grows, it never rains. The plant gets its water only from the dew（露水）it collects at night, when its leaves cool off. Such rootless plants, of course, can be moved with ease, but they will only grow when they are placed out in the open. If they are placed too near a house, the radiation from the heat of the house prevents the leaves from cooling and so prevents dew from forming, and the plant dies.
In the southern United States and in Puerto Rico, one sees bromeliads growing high above the streets on the insulation（絕緣物）of electric wires. These plants get their water from rain, and the only soil they ever come in contact with is the dust that may blow on their leaves.

1. 1.
   Wood becomes larger because of       .
   1. A.
      dead cell walls
   2. B.
      water entering dead cells
   3. C.
      the growth of cells
   4. D.
      the death of cells
2. 2.
   From the passage we know that the evolutionary scale is graded according to      .
   1. A.
      evolutionary cycles
   2. B.
      heights and depths
   3. C.
      time
   4. D.
      kinds
3. 3.
   The “bromeliad” is a plant that     .
   1. A.
      has no roots
   2. B.
      is a pineapple
   3. C.
      can grow anywhere
   4. D.
      takes up water through its leaves
4. 4.
   The most suitable title for this passage is “      ”.
   1. A.
      Absorption of water by plants
   2. B.
      Rootless plants in America
   3. C.
      Plants in the desert
   4. D.
      Higher plants

Answer 1

BCDA
1.B  根據(jù)短文第一段中的“Absorption（吸收）of water by dead cell walls makes wood become larger.”可知，樹木變大是因為水分進入了細胞。選項A意為“死細胞壁”；選項B意為“水分進入死細胞”；選項C意為“細胞的生長”；選項D意為“細胞的死亡”。所以選項B正確。
2.C  根據(jù)短文中的“Even among the flowering plants, one finds rootless forms. These flowering plants are “the higher plants” because they evolved（進化）recently and are thus considered higher on the evolutionary scale（進化度）.”以及下文可知，進化度是依據(jù)時間逐漸發(fā)生變化的。選項A意為“進化周期”；選選項B意為“高度和深度”；選項C意為“時間”；選項D意為“種類”。所以選項C正確。
3.D  此題為詞義猜測題。根據(jù)此段中的“These plants get their water from rain, and the only soil they ever come in contact with is the dust that may blow on their leaves.”可知正確答案為D (通過其葉子補給水分的植物).
4.A  選項A意為“植物對水分的吸收”；選項B意為“美洲的無根植物”；選項C意為“沙漠中的植物”；選項D意為“高等植物”。根據(jù)短文第一段及全文可知，正確答案為A.