Some fish form huge schools. Could fish set up schools and teach their children how to survive in the ocean? You may ask. No. Here the “schools” are not the places where you study. They are fish shoals (魚(yú)群) that cover tens of kilometers. What causes hundreds of millions of fish to gather and move together is one of biology’s mysteries.
Darkness appears to be the first step to the creation of shoals, according to a study published in the March 27 journal Science. A team of researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and five other institutions studied Atlantic herring (鯡魚(yú)), which forms shoals on a fishing ground off Massachusetts. They used an underwater imaging technology and fish-finding sonar (聲納) to observe the herring over several days in autumn when they spawn (產(chǎn)卵).
They found that, as the sun set, fish in scattered (分散的) groups began swimming much closer to one another than they normally do. When the number of fish reached a certain point in an area, this set off a chain reaction of similar behavior that spread like a sound wave through the water.
The herring’s movement seemed to be started by sunset. The team didn’t record the breakup of these shoals, but a previous study suggested that as the sun rose, the shoals fell apart.
“When the light fades (逐漸消失), it’s safer for the fish to move away from the seabed,” says Nicholas Makris, a professor at MIT who led the research. “Once they have a certain number of other fish, they suddenly come together - forming a shoal covering tens of kilometers within tens of minutes.”
Herring form shoals to migrate during the autumn spawning season. Some shoals were 40 km across and 30 m from top to bottom. They formed in deep water and moved into more shallow waters to spawn.
Forming shoals helps protect them from predators (掠食者) by giving them simple strength in numbers. The ordered movement of the shoal means the fish can reach their spawning ground more quickly and more safely.
Scientists have never before gathered information on so many animals acting together. Understanding these herring shoals could lead to more ideas about what causes animals to move in schools, says Iain Couzin, a biologist at Princeton University, US.
1. Which school in the following expressions is used the same way as the underlined one in the first paragraph?
A. schools of thoughts       B. school a horse   C. a school of whales       D. a medical school
2. Which of the following statements is true?
A. There are more large shoals of herring at night than in the daytime.
B. The research on Atlantic herring was conducted independently by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
C. The larger the shoal of herring is, the more slowly it moves.
D. Scientists have found out the reason why fish gather and move together in huge shoals.
3. According to the research, herring tend to get together except ______.
A.when there are predators around  B. when they spawn C. when the sun sets  D. when the sun rises
4. What seems to be the main reason for herring to gather and move together?
A. To avoid the darkness.
B. To keep other kinds of fish out of their spawning ground.
C. To spawn in the shallow waters.
D. To make themselves feel safe.


【小題1】C
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】D

解析

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012-2013學(xué)年福建廈門(mén)大學(xué)附屬科技中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

A new United Nations report shows that fish farming may soon be the world’s most important provider of fish. The Food and Agriculture Organization says fish farming is growing at a rate of 6.6 percent a year.
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【小題1】We learn that since the year 2006, fish farming has been ______.

A．earning more money than traditional fisheries
B．developing rapidly around the world
C．growing at a rate of 6.6 percent each day
D．producing 46% of the world’s supply of fish
【小題2】According to Paragraph 3, thanks to fish farming, people around the world are able to ______.
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C．eat much healthier fishD．eat much bigger fish
【小題3】What is implied in Paragraph 4?
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B．It costs too much to rebuild supplies of fish.
C．There is no future for the market of wild fish.
D．Catching wild fish no longer brings benefits.
【小題4】What does Wally Stevens think of fish farming?
A．It doesn’t have disadvantages at all.
B．It cannot keep growing at the current rate.
C．It is not a good way of raising fish.
D．It must develop fast to supply a growing population.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：浙江省蕭山六中2009-2010學(xué)年度高二上學(xué)期期末測(cè)試 題型：閱讀理解


三：閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）
第一節(jié)：閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
As is known to all, in daily conversation modern people like to use simple words and simple sentences, especially some sentences with some parts left out. Here is an interesting example from the conversation between Henry, a fisherman, and his wife Sylvia. Do you know what they are talking about?
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