6.When a big boat,like a cruise ship,goes through the ocean,it often creates waves.This happens when the large engines on the back of the cruise ship cause the water on the ocean's surface move up and down violently.These waves move out from the boat in both directions.If you are captaining a smaller boat,you'd better steer clear of a ship's wake,so that your boat is not surfing on the waves,causing it to overturn
A wave is a pattern of motion.When you look at a wave,it may appear as simply water moving across the surface of the ocean.In fact,this is false.The water is actually not moving in the same direction as the wave.While the wave itself--the pattern of motion-is moving across the surface of the ocean,the water is actually moving in a circular motion,which brings the water molecules back to their original position.The water merely gives the appearance of moving forward.
If this is confusing,think of the kind of wave you do at a baseball stadium.Viewed from a distance,the wave is clearly moving across the stadium.But the thing that makes up the wave-the people-are not moving across the stadium,they're just moving up and down in their seats.This is just like the water in an ocean wave.A lot of water is moving up and down,which gives water the appearance of moving along with the wave.
Surfers pay a lot of attention to waves.If you're not in an area where the waves are suitable for surfing,then you can't surf.Usually,surfers gather in areas known for big waves-waves that rise high off the ocean's surface.If the wave is bigger,then the surfer is often able to surf for longer distances and perform more tricks.The height of a wave is known as its amplitude.If you could make a wave freeze,then you could measure the wave's amplitude by running a tape measure from the ocean's surface to the very peak of the wave.
All waves can be measured using amplitude and wavelength.While the waves created by a boat have very small amplitude-sometimes as small as a few centimeters-the wavelength can be very short,as lots of waves are being generated.By contrast,a tsunami has very high amplitude,sometimes more than 100feet,but a relatively long wavelength,as it's a high wave.
Waves generated in the same way can have great differences in amplitude and wavelength.For example,think back to the cruise ship.While each ship creates waves caused by the movement of the boat,the properties of each of the waves may be very different.For example,a larger cruise ship,with powerful engines,may create a wave that has high amplitude and a short wavelength.However,if the ship's engines slow down,they may then start creating less powerful waves at a slower rate.This would cause the waves'amplitude to decrease,but its wavelength to increase.
74.What does the phrase"steer clear of a cruise ship's wake"in the 1st paragraph meanC?
A.keep awake while steering a ship
B.get a clear view of what is ahead
C.keep away from the cruise ship
D.follow the cruise ship very closely
75.The author gives an example of wave people do in the stadium in order toD.
A.illustrate how excited people are in a basketball stadium
B.clear the confusion over measuring the wave's amplitude
C.demonstrate how to make waves in a basketball stadium
D.explain why the water appears to move along the waves
76.The last paragraph gives us the impression thatB.
A.the wave's amplitude may vary,but its wavelength remain the same
B.the move powerful the ships engines are,the higher the waves they generate
C.the amplitude of a wave depends on the direction the water moves forward
D.measuring the amplitude and wavelength of waves is not quite easy
77.What is this passage mainly aboutA?
A.How waves are created and measured.
B.What makes the sea water move forwards.
C.Why people create waves in the stadium.
D.How to steer a cruise ship in the rough sea.
分析 這篇文章談?wù)摰氖顷P(guān)于水波的,講到水波是如何產(chǎn)生和水波如何測量的科學(xué)知識.
解答 74-77 CDBA
74.答案 C 細節(jié)理解 這道題目稍微有點難度,需要學(xué)生理解上下文之后搞清楚:如果你開的是較小的船,那么為了不翻船,最好不要靠近較大的船只.故答案為C
75.答案 D 段落理解 這道題目難度不大,作者舉了在體育場的人們發(fā)出的波動的例子,是為了更形象地說明水和水波同時出現(xiàn)并向前進.故答案為D
76.答案 B 段落理解 難度適中.最后一段的第一句話就表明了這一段主要講的是波紋也是不同的,"For example,a larger cruise ship,with powerful engines,may create a wave that has high amplitude and a short wavelength"這句話也說明引擎越有力,波浪就越高.故答案為B
77.答案 A 主旨大意 難度適中.整篇文章談?wù)摰亩际顷P(guān)于水波的,從它的產(chǎn)生到最后一段講的如何測量.故答案為A
點評 1、要想做好科普英語閱讀理解題,同學(xué)們就要注意平時多讀科普知識類文章,學(xué)習(xí)科普知識,積累常見的科普詞匯,從根本上提高科普英語的閱讀能力.
2、要熟悉科普類文章的結(jié)構(gòu)特點.科普類文章一般由標題(Head line),導(dǎo)語(Introduction),背景(Back ground),主體(Main body)和結(jié)尾(End)五部分構(gòu)成.標題是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括,但根據(jù)歷年的高考情況來看,這類閱讀理解材料一般不給標題,而要同學(xué)們選擇標題.導(dǎo)語一般位于整篇文章的首段.背景交待一個事實的起因.主體則對導(dǎo)語概括的事實進行詳細敘述,這一部分命題往往最多,因此,閱讀時,同學(xué)們要把這部分作為重點.結(jié)尾往往也是中心思想的概括,并與導(dǎo)語相呼應(yīng),命題者常在此要設(shè)計一道推理判斷題.
3、在進行推理判斷時,同學(xué)們一定要以閱讀材料所提供的科學(xué)事實為依據(jù),同時所得出的結(jié)論還應(yīng)符合基本的科普常識.