Think about how many ways there are for you to communicate today. You can send a letter or pick up the phone and make a call. But today, one of the most popular ways to communicate is called instant messaging. In any instant messaging system, you type a little text message on your computer, press the “Send” button, and your message INSTANTLY shows up on your friend’s screen. But how does it work?

Actually, the whole process is very cool. In the 1980s, you could sit down at a computer at any big university. Up to 100 people would be logged in and sharing the computer. They had to share because these computers were very expensive. You could type a command to send an instant message to anyone logged into the same computer. It felt like everyone was connected together no matter where they were sitting. 

Today, you can do the same thing — but with lots more possibilities. And you can communicate with just about anyone in the world. All you need is an instant messaging program installed(安裝) on your computer. There are many programs to choose from. AOL's instant messenger (AIM) is probably the most popular right now. MSN has one. Google has Google Talk. Ask your friends and find out what they are using. That will make it easier to communicate with them. 

When you are ready, you create an account. Next, you need to figure out the IM names your friends use. Add their IM names to your IM program. Click on the friend you want to talk to and then type away. When you click end, your friend gets the message instantly. 

But behind the scenes（在后臺(tái)，在幕后）, amazing things are happening. Your IM program is communicating with a computer, called a server. The server could be just down the road or even in some other city. All your friend's computers are communicating with a server, too. Your computer is constantly chatting with the server to make everything happen. The network called the Internet makes it all possible.

72. What could be the best title for the passage ?  

A. How to Send Instant Messages.

B. The Easiest Way to Talk to a friend.   

C. Different Ways of Communication.            

D. Development of Communication. 

73. Why did so many people share a computer at that time?  

A. Because they want to be connected to each other.  

B. Because computers were too large.

C. Because few people knew how to use computer.   

D. Because computers were too dear.  

74. From the passage we can see that “Google Talk”_______.  

A. is a kind of search engine          B. refers to a computer company 

C. is an IM program                 D. is a famous web site

75. Which of the following is the right order to send an instant message?   

a. Press the “send” button         b. Type a little text message  

c. Add the receiver’s IM names     d. Open your IM program   

A. d, c, b, a.         B. b, c, d, a        C. d ,b, c, a     D. b. c. a. d

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A

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四、閱讀理解(每小題2分，共30分)
A
You might think that “global warming” means nothing more than a rise in the world’s temperature. But, rising sea levels caused by it have resulted in the first evacuation(撤離) of an island nation—the citizens of Tuvalu will have to have their homeland.
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Paani Laupepa, a Tuvaluan government official, reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years. Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.
Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions(導(dǎo)致溫室效應(yīng)的氣體排放), which are a main cause of global warming. “By refusing to sign the agreement, the US has effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers have lived for thousands of years,” Laupepa told the BBC.
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