Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors （因素）tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are similar in many ways, there are fewer situations for people to see the need or the chance for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and clear.

Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material aspects, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the simple elements（要素）rather than in the complex ones; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange ones.

Besides, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with a sharp division. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white fellows.

1.The underlined part “greater tolerance” in Paragraph 1 probably refers to “________”.

A. quicker adaptation to changing conditions

B. greater willingness to accept social change

C. more respect for different beliefs and behavior

D. greater readiness to agree to different conditions

2. Why is social change less likely to occur in a society where people are similar in many ways?

A. They are so conservative that they tend to slow down social change.

B. They can easily get what they want in the material aspect of society.

C. They are so used to their conditions that they seldom want to change.

D. They have similar needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty.

3. Which of the following factors probably tends to promote social change fast?

A. Different points of view.

B. Traditional values.

C. Sharp divisions in relations.

D. Similar appearances.

4.What is this passage mainly discussing?

A. Two different kinds of society.

B. Consequences of social change.

C. The importance of social change.

D. Certain factors affecting social change.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年陜西西安曲江第一中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Jeanne Calment, a French woman, became a record breaker on 17 October of 1995, when at the age of 120 years and 238 days, she became the longest-lived human being on record. A Japanese man died in 1986 at the age of 120 years and 237 days.

Jeanne Calment lives in a small old people’s home in the south of France; her husband, her only child and her grandson have all died. She is nearly blind and deaf and is always in a wheelchair, but her doctor describes her as being more like a 90-year-old in good health than someone of 120. She still has a lively sense of humor. When asked on her 120th birthday what she expected of the future, she replied: A very short one. She also remarked that she thought the good Lord had forgotten all about her.

So what is the key to a long life? According to some doctors, diet, exercise and no smoking are the three important factors. Jeanne Calment has followed two of the tips. She has always eaten a healthy diet, and she used to do exercise every day until she broke her leg at the age of 115. However, until recently she drank two glasses of strong red wine a day, and she does smoke (now only a little). Besides, Jeanne Calment might have got very good genes from her parents. Her father lived to the age of 94 and her mother to 86.

A local lawyer bought her house when she was 80 under an agreement that he would pay her some money every year until her death. It must have seemed a good move at the time, but so far the lawyer has paid her at least three times the value of the house. Every year on her birthday Jeanne Calment sends him a card saying:

Sorry, I’m still alive!

1.How does Jeanne Calment feel about her old age?

A. She is miserable and unhappy.

B. She is cheerful and humorous.

C. She would like to live much longer.

D. She feels she is going to die very soon.

2.Jeanne Calment owes her good health and long life to _______.

A. smoking only a little every day

B. her giving up smoking and drinking

C. drinking two glasses of strong red wine every day

D. the good genes from her parents, a healthy diet and some exercise

3.Which of the following could best replace the word “move” in the fourth paragraph?

A. deal B. trick C. march D. sport

4.Why does Jeanne Calment say “Sorry, I’m still alive” to the local lawyer every year on her birthday?

A. Because she had an agreement at 80 with the lawyer which was to her advantage.

B. Because she has asked the lawyer to pay her more rent than they first agreed.

C. Because the lawyer has paid her much more money than the value of the house.

D. Because the house she sold to the lawyer isn’t worth the money he has already paid.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年河北秦皇島盧龍縣高二上學(xué)期期末英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單詞拼寫

根據(jù)括號提示或首字母提示，填上單詞正確形式。

1.The rise in carbon dioxide is causing a s (constant, unchanging) rise in temperature.

2.Things can go wrong when people work under s (pressure).

3.Friendship is p (of great value) and we should value it..

4.Lily’s e (never stopping) patience in helping me with my maths really made me moved.

5.He a (努力) to make a lot of money and painted lots of masterpieces in the style of VanGogh.

6.His doctor suspected that Simon had been e to a new virus.

7.The UK c （組成） of four countries.

8.What would you do if you find yourself alone on a d (荒原) island.

9.A footballer was a （指責(zé)）of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals。

10.You can get burned by a v （多樣） of things .

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年浙江溫州十校聯(lián)合體高二上學(xué)期期末英語試卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空

完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從31-50各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號涂黑。

A man wanted to become wealthy．He was told a story one day that there was a ________pebble (鵝卵石）among the pebbles on the beach of the Black Sea．It could turn everything it touched into________．This pebble could be________ only by touching it: unlike the other pebbles it was________when touched．The man rushed to the beach of the Black Sea and began to ________ the pebble．

________ he picked up a pebble that felt cold, he threw it into the sea．He________ this practice day after day．Each pebble that felt cold was________ thrown into the sea．

One morning, he ________ to take hold of a pebble that felt warm, unlike the other ________ . The man threw the pebble into the sea．He hadn’t ________to, but he had formed a habit．Habits can be hard to ________ ．

In fact, if we repeat any behaviour ________ enough, it becomes a habit．But some habits can work in our favour, such as ________ attitudes and healthy ways of life．Our habitual attitudes and behaviour can either ________us or hinder(阻礙) us．

Is there behaviour or an attitude you would like to make into a ________ ? Then reinforce (強(qiáng)化) it by ________ it at every opportunity．

When it comes to habits, ________ may not make perfect．But practice will certainly form ________ behaviour. Your habits will form who you are．So form the habits that are ________ to you and let them mold (塑造) you into the person you want to be．

1.A.carved B. large C. magical D. heavy

2.A.gold B. water C. sand D. stone

3.A. created B. saved C. changed D. recognized

4.A. warm B. shining C. smooth D. hard

5.A. look intoB. search for C. make D. study

6.A. Unless B. Although C. When D. Until

7.A. tested B. developed C. continued D. analysed

8.A. luckily B. carelessly C. suddenly D. immediately

9.A. attempted B. happened C. decided D. began

10.A. hands B. trees C. pebbles D. balls

11.A. asked B. rememberedC. meant D. offered

12.A. ignore B. break C. learn D. forget

13.A. often B. carefully C. fast D. calmly

14.A. related B. public C. positive D. conservative

15.A. trouble B. help C. expose D. defeat

16.A. custom B. plan C. rule D. habit

17.A. repeatingB. retelling C. changing D. considering

18.A. attitudeB. attempt C. guidance D. practice

19.A. violent B. bored C. permanent D. strange

20.A. devoted B. beneficial C. familiar D. true

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆山東淄博淄川第一中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期末英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Clive Roberts．a(chǎn) director at ELS Educational Services，says English tests are changing greatly in response to the global growth in the use of English as a lingua franca—the common language used among people with I different native languages．For that reason，a lot of new tests are being developed while old tests are being improved to meet the needs of universities and employers worldwide.

Changes in language testing

“A lot of tests are now delivered online，all four skills are being tested，in some cases，by computer，in particular speaking and writing skills，which are the most difficult to assess on a computer environment，”says Mr.Roberts.

Computer testing will reduce the length of time required for testing，because the tests adjust to the test-taker’s ability．These computer-adaptive tests also increase accuracy in scoring．Computer-a- daptive tests change depending on the test-taker’s responses．They can become more or less difficult during the testing session．For this reason，the set of correct answers will be different for each test-taker．

Cultural sensitivity

Another change to language testing relates to cultural sensitivity．The term refers to material on a test that is based on a certain culture or is hard for test-takers from different cultures to understand．

Mr．Roberts says test development companies are now hiring people with intercultural communication backgrounds to review test items．The companies want to make sure the test does not upset test-takers．

Proficiency(精通程度)in language

Changes to English proficiency tests make them better at measuring the learners’ability．However，Mr．Roberts says the changes may mean the tests are more difficult for some students．

“The tests have become more proficiency-oriented．The items are being designed in such a way that they test real-world proficiency and not simply sort of an artificial environment or a specific set of skills that are taught in a classroom．So a lot of authentic texts，a lot of authentic listening passages are being used．”

The changes mean students have to be able to understand English the way it is used in everyday life，not just in textbooks．

1.Which of the following can best replace the underlined words“a lingua franca”in Paragraph l?

A． a universal language B．a(chǎn) second language

C．a(chǎn) native language D．a(chǎn) mother tongue

2.Which of the following is true about online English tests?

A．Listening is more difficult to be tested online than speaking．

B．Online English tests need more time．

C．Online English tests make scoring more accurate．

D．Online English tests are more difficult．

3.Why is proficiency stressed in language testing?

A．To make the test more difficult．

B．To get learners to learn textbooks well．

C．To test learners’speaking ability．

D．To test learners’real ability to use the language．

4.which words can best describe the new English tests?

A． More accurate but easier．

B．Less practical but harder．

C． Better but harder．

D．Less popular but easier．

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆安徽皖南八校高三第二次聯(lián)考12月英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

In October 2013, Davion Only made an appeal on the Internet. He had learned that his biological mothr had died not long before. ”My name is Davion and I've been in foster care (寄養(yǎng)照管) since I was born," he said, “but I'm not giving up hope. "

The heartbreaking appeal spread quickly, and Only's foster agency received calls from more than 10,000 people. Only ended up travelling to Ohio to live with a family. But after Only got into a physical fight with one of his elder would-be brothers, the family changed their minds.

Back in Florida, Only passed through four different temporary homes over the following year, until he called Connie Going, his adoption case worker, to make a special request. Only had known Going for nearly ten years, and had asked every year if she would adopt him, but she always hesitated. “I always believed there was a better family than us out there," Going said in an interview. But last July, when Only called and asked again if she might adopt him, Going said something felt different. "When he asked me, my heart felt this ache and I just

knew he was my son," she said.

So Going, 52, invited Only to start spending time with the rest of her family-her two daughters, Sydney, 21, and Carly 17, and a son Taylor, 14, who she also adopted out of foster care. Eventually, after seeing how well the arrangement was working, Going, who had rented a bigger home, started adopting Only. Only moved in with her family last December.He officially joined Going's family on April 22, 2015 when the adoption papers went through.

"Today, I feel blessed and honored to have been chosen to be the parent of all my children," Going said.

1.By making the appeal, Davion Only hoped that

A. service in his foster agency would improve

B. his biological mother would come to him

C. a foster agency would accept him

D. he would be adopted by a family

2.Davion Only didn't live with the family in Ohio because

A. he hated living with them

B. they finally refused to accept him

C. he has received another invitation

D. he often fought with his would-be brothers

3.What do we know from Paragraph 3?

A. Davion Only had fun living in different homes.

B. Connie Going had cared about Davion Only for over ten years.

C. Davion Only had a strong desire to be adopted by Connie Going.

D. Connie Going believed she would give Davion Only what he wanted.

4.After Davion Only joined Connie Going's family,

A. Connie Going bought a bigger house

B. the four kids often had physical fights

C. Connie Going didn't regret her decision

D. another three kids were later adopted as well

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年遼寧實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)分校高一上學(xué)期期末英語試卷（解析版） 題型：七選五

補(bǔ)全短文

Everyone knows English is one of the most important subjects in middle schools. And we always know learning English is very important, but few students know how to learn English well.1.

I think if we have a right way to learn English, and we work hard, then we must learn English well. But what is the right way？2.Second，everyone knows remembering new words is important, but how to remember them？I think we can copy new words on pieces of paper, and take them with us. When we are free, we can read them. Third, how to improve our listening and speaking？3.And we can answer the questions in the class；don’t be afraid of making mistakes. I think it’s useful to us. Finally, it’s about reading and writing.4.And try our best to retell it，we can also keep a diary every day，and spend an hour practicing English.

5.If necessary, we can turn to our classmates and teachers for help instead of giving up. If we don’t study hard, it’s difficult to learn English well.

A．Then how can we make rapid progress and learn English well?

B．We can sing English songs, listen to the radio and listen to tapes every day.

C. To begin with, you can recite as many words as you can.

D．Whenever we meet difficulties in our English study, we shouldn’t lose heart.

E．In a word, we will make rapid progress.

F．First, we must be confident enough to learn English and be interested in it.

G．When we are free, we can read articles in English.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆黑龍江哈爾濱第六中學(xué)高三上期末英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

John ________ Joan at least for ten years.

A. has married B. has married with

C. has got married to D. has been married to

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆浙江臨海臺州中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期第三次統(tǒng)練英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

An individual human existence should be like a river---small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and_____ passionately past rocks and over waterfalls.

A．to rush B．rushing C．rushed D．rush

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