Question

 

For well over a thousand years，smallpox was a disease that everyone feared. The disease killed

century. By the end of the eighteenth century，smallpox was responsible for about one in ten deaths around the world. Those who survived the disease were left with ugly scars on their skin.

It had long been well known among farmers that people who worked with cows seldom caught smallpox;instead,they often caught a similar but much milder disease called cowpox(牛痘) .A British doctor called Jenner was extremely interested in this，and so he studied cowpox. He believed that,by vaccinating (接種疫苗) people with the disease, he could protect them against the much worse disease smallpox. In 1796，he vaccinated a boy with cowpox and,two months later,with smallpox. The boy did not get smallpox. In the next two years, Jenner vaccinated several children in the same way，and none of them got the disease.

News of the success of Jenner' s work soon spread. Vaccination soon became a common method to protect people against other diseases caused by virus，such as rabies(狂犬病) ，and vaccines were sent across the world to the United States and India.

It took nearly two centuries to achieve Jenner ，s dream of getting free of smallpox from the

whole world. In 1967, the world Health Organization (WHO )  started a great vaccination program， and the last known case of smallpox was recorded in Somalia in 1977. The story of vaccinations does not end there, however. There are many other diseases that kill more and more people every year. Besides,many new diseases are being discovered. The challenge for medical researchers will,therefore，probably continue for several more centuries.

(   ) 4. Smallpox was so serious that        by the end of 18th century.

     A.   its death rate was up to ten percent

    B.   those who caught it were certain to die

    C.   one in ten people in the world died of smallpox

    D.   one in ten deaths in the world was caused by smallpox

(   ) 5. Edward Jenner discovered that vaccination with cowpox could         .

     A.  make smallpox much milder

    B.  stop people from getting smallpox

    C.  protect people against any disease

    D.  prevent people's scars after smallpox

(   ) 6. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

     A.  The first experiment with cowpox was made by a British doctor.

    B.  After 1977 smallpox disappeared around the world according to WHO.

      C. Vaccination had existed among ordinary fanners before being discovered.

    D.  Vaccination can be used to protect people in the world against not only smallpox. 

(   ) 7. The author of the passage thinks that             .

     A.   vaccinations bring many new problems

    B.   vaccinations end the spread of diseases

    C.   there is a long way to go to fight against diseases

    D.   there is a long way to go to discover new diseases

Answer 1

4. D細(xì)節(jié)理解題、根據(jù)第一段"smallpox was responsible for about one in ten deaths around the world."可知。

5. B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"he vaccinated a boy with cowpox and,two months later, with smallpox. The boy did not get smallpox. In the next two years, Jenner vaccinated several children in the same way,and none of them got the disease.'，可知接種牛痘疫苗可以預(yù)防水痘 

6. C推理判斷題。疫苗是在被發(fā)明出來以后才為人所知的，并不是在發(fā)明之前在普通的農(nóng)民中就存在的„

7. C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句"The challenge for medical researchers will，therefore，probably con?tinue for several more centuries"可知醫(yī)療研C者與疾病做斗爭還有很長的路要走。