Question

閱讀理解

請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中, 選出最佳選項, 并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

FOR most people, life without plants is unimaginable. They feed us, clean up our air and brighten up our gardens. But what if someone told you that even our smartphones can benefit from plants?

Meet the scientists from the Freiburg University of Mining and Technology in Germany. According to reports from Reuters, they have come up with a way to take the important element germanium (鍺) from plants.

The element was first discovered in Germany (hence the name) and was used to develop the first transistor (晶體管) because it can transport electricity very quickly. Nowadays, silicon-germanium alloy (硅鍺合金) plays an important role in making computers, smartphones and fiber-optic cables (光纖電纜).

Although germanium can be found in soil around the world, it is difficult to extract (提取). In the traditional process, people take the material after zinc (鋅) mining or burning coal. But the Freiburg scientists decided to fall back on the natural world.

Biology professor Hermann Heilmeier is one of the scientists who are using common plants for this uncommon process. “Different energy crops are being planted, for example, sunflowers, corn ... we want to use them for phytomining. In German we call it ‘mining with plants’.”

Others have used this method in the past with metals like gold and copper (銅). But in their study, the Freiburg scientists brought germanium from the soil into the roots and shoots of the plants, harvested them and then took the element from the plants. The process did not cost too much because germanium can be taken after plants are processed for use as biogas (沼氣). So many of the costs are already covered in existing biogas plants.

However, there is still a lot of work to do before we can all experience the benefits. At the moment germanium can only be harvested in very small amounts, just a few milligrams per liter. Now scientists are working on different plants to improve this.

“As is so often the case, industry is still waiting because they want to see everything already working. Then they say, ‘We’ll have it.’ But of course we have to complete the step in between first,” said Professor Martin Bertau, head of industrial chemistry at Freiburg University.

1.We can learn from the article that germanium ______.

A. is mostly produced in Germany

B. can effectively transfer electricity

C. exists mostly in soil and water

D. is very easy to get from nature

2. What can we conclude from the article?

A. Germanium can be easily produced during the process of mining zinc or burning coal.

B. Sunflowers and corn are currently the most efficient plants to use when extracting germanium.

C. The process of harvesting germanium from plants isn’t costly because after harvesting, the plants can be used for biogas.

D. The new method for extracting germanium that the Freiburg scientists are trying is greener and cheaper than the traditional one.

3. According to the article, phytomining ______.

A. is a completely new method for extracting metals

B. has been widely used in extracting all kinds of rare metals

C. has different productivity depending on the type of energy crop

D. is now being tested on types of plants that it has never been tried on

4.Which of the following statements would Professor Martin Bertau agree with?

A. Many businesses have already started contributing money to this research.

B. Industry and science have stronger and closer connections than is generally expected.

C. People from related industries showed no interest in extracting germanium from plants.

D. Germanium has to be extracted from plants in large quantities before this type of extraction becomes industrialized.

Answer 1