Question

18．When you take a walk in any of the cities in the West，you often see a lot of people walking dogs．（61）It is still true that a dog is （62）the most useful（use） and faithful animal in the world．（63）But the reasons why people keep a dog （64）have changed（change）．In the old days people used to train dogs to protect themselves against animal attacks．And later they came （65）to realize（realize） that a dog was not only useful for protection but willing to obey his master．For example，when people used dogs for hunting，the dogs would not eat （66）whatthey caught without （67）permission（permit）．But now people in the city need not protect （68）themselves（they） against attacks of animals．
Why do they keep dogs，then？Some people keep dogs to protect themselves from robbery．But the most important reason is for companionship．For （69）achild，a dog is his best friend when he has no friends to play with．For a young couple，a dog is their child when they have （70）nochildren．For old couples，a dog is also their child when their real children have grown up．So the main reason why people keep dogs has changed from protection to friendship．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要介紹狗是世界上最有用和最忠實的動物．但現在人們養(yǎng)狗的原因已經變了．在過去，養(yǎng)狗是為了保護他們自己免受動物的攻擊，狗不僅有用而且愿意服從主人的命令．現在，養(yǎng)狗最主要的原因是為陪伴．

解答 61．It  考查it的用法．It在這里作形式主語，指代真正的主語"that the dog is the most useful…"．
62．the most useful 考查形容詞最高級．根據句意：狗是世界上最有用和最忠實的動物．用形容詞最高級．
63．But 考查連詞．前后兩個分句之間是轉折關系，用連詞but．
64．have changed  考查動詞的時態(tài)．根據句意：人們養(yǎng)狗的原因已經變了．此處用現在完成時表示結果．
65．to realize 考查非謂語動詞的用法．根據句意：后來他們逐漸認識到…．come to realize意為"認識到，開始意識到"，是固定搭配．
66．what 考查連詞．由動詞 eat和caught缺少賓語可以判斷此處需用what引導賓語從句．
67．permission 考查名詞．without是介詞，后接名詞作其賓語．
68．themselves 考查代詞．根據句意：現在城市中的人們不必保護他們自己免受動物的攻擊．用反身代詞themselves．
69．a  考查不定冠詞的用法．此處用不定冠詞表示泛指，意為"對于孩子來說，當他沒有朋友一起玩時狗是他最好的朋友"．
70．no 考查形容詞．根據句意：當他們沒有孩子時．用形容詞no．

點評 在一篇200詞左右的語篇（短文或對話）中留出10處空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據上下文填寫空白處所需的內容或所提供單詞的正確形式，所填寫詞語不得多于3個單詞．要做好語法填空題，理解短文是解題的前提，扎實的詞匯、句型和語法知識是基礎，英語國家的背景知識是必要的補充．考生須靈活運用語法知識，如單詞詞性、單詞時態(tài)、名詞單復數、連接詞、代詞、冠詞等判斷各空白處應填寫的內容．答完后，還要通讀全文，核對所填單詞形式是否正確，是否符合語境．