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科目: 來(lái)源: 題型:


一輛公共汽車進(jìn)站后開(kāi)始剎車,做勻減速直線運(yùn)動(dòng).開(kāi)始剎車后的第1s內(nèi)和第2s內(nèi)位移大小依次為9m和7m,則剎車后6s內(nèi)的位移是(                                                                            )                          

    A.              20 m                  B.                    24 m C. 25 m       D. 75 m

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如圖所示為某質(zhì)點(diǎn)做直線運(yùn)動(dòng)的v﹣t圖象,關(guān)于這個(gè)質(zhì)點(diǎn)在4s內(nèi)的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況,下列說(shuō)法中正確的是(     )                 

                                                                                             

    A.  質(zhì)點(diǎn)始終向同一方向運(yùn)動(dòng)

    B.  4 s內(nèi)通過(guò)的路程為4 m,而位移為零

    C.  4 s末物體離出發(fā)點(diǎn)最遠(yuǎn)

    D.  加速度大小不變,方向與初速度方向相同

                                                                                                                                   

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下列描述的運(yùn)動(dòng)中,不可能存在的是(                                          )                          

    A.  速度很大,加速度很小

    B.  速度變化很大,加速度很小

    C.  速度變化越來(lái)越快,加速度越來(lái)越小

    D.  加速度越來(lái)越小,速度越來(lái)越大

                                                                                                                                   

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如圖所示,以水平地面建立X軸,有一個(gè)質(zhì)量為m=1kg的木塊放在質(zhì)量為M=2kg的長(zhǎng)木板上,木板長(zhǎng)L=11.5m.已知木板與地面的動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)為μ1=0.1,m與M之間的摩擦因素μ2=0.9(設(shè)最大靜摩擦力等于滑動(dòng)摩擦力).m與M保持相對(duì)靜止共同向右運(yùn)動(dòng),已知木板的左端A點(diǎn)經(jīng)過(guò)坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)O時(shí)的速度為V0=10m/s,在坐標(biāo)為X=21m處有一擋板P,木板與擋板P瞬間碰撞后立即以原速率反向彈回,而木塊在此瞬間速度不變,若碰后立刻撤去擋板P,g取10m/s2,求:                                                                                                           

                       

(1)木板碰擋板P時(shí)的速度V1為多少?                                                                

(2)最終木板停止運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)其左端A的位置坐標(biāo)?                                                   

                                                                                                                               

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如圖所示,質(zhì)量m=1Kg的小球穿在長(zhǎng)L=0.8m的斜桿上,斜桿與水平方向成α=37°角,斜桿固定不動(dòng),小球與斜桿間的動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)μ=0.75.小球受水平向左的拉力F=2N,從斜桿的頂端由靜止開(kāi)始下滑,求(sin37°=0.6,cos37°=0.8,g=10m/s2)                                                                                                                            

(1)小球運(yùn)動(dòng)的加速度大。                                                                                

(2)小球運(yùn)動(dòng)到斜桿底端時(shí)的速度大。                                                              

                                                                                              

                                                                                                                               

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如圖所示,斜繩(與水平方向夾45°角)與水平繩最大承受拉力分別為20N和10N,豎直繩抗拉能力足夠強(qiáng),三繩系于O點(diǎn),問(wèn):各繩均不斷時(shí),最多可懸吊多重的物體?                                                         

                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                               

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在空中的某點(diǎn)A,讓小球自由落體,到達(dá)地面的時(shí)間為.T=0.8s,仍在A點(diǎn)以vA的初速度豎直上拋小球,需要2t=1.6s才能到達(dá)地面,求豎直上拋的初速度vA.(g=10m/s2,空氣阻力不計(jì))                                

                                                                                                       

                                                                                                                               

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某同學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)探究加速度a與物體所受合力F及質(zhì)量m關(guān)系的實(shí)驗(yàn),圖(a)為實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置簡(jiǎn)圖.(交流電的頻率為50Hz)                                                                                                                               

                  

(1)圖(b)為某次實(shí)驗(yàn)得到的紙帶,根據(jù)紙帶可求出小車的加速度大小為        m/s2.(保留兩位有效數(shù)字)        

(2)本實(shí)驗(yàn)中,為了保證在改變小車中砝碼的質(zhì)量時(shí),小車所受的拉力近似不變,砂桶和砂的質(zhì)量之和應(yīng)滿足的條件是                                                                                                                        .       

(3)為了用細(xì)線的拉力表示小車受到的合外力,實(shí)驗(yàn)操作中要平衡小車所受的阻力:小車不連細(xì)線時(shí),調(diào)整木板右端的高度,用手輕撥小車,直到打點(diǎn)計(jì)時(shí)器打出一系列                                    的點(diǎn).         

                                                                                                                               

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某同學(xué)探究彈力與彈簧伸長(zhǎng)量的關(guān)系.                                                                   

①將彈簧懸掛在鐵架臺(tái)上,將刻度尺固定在彈簧一側(cè),彈簧軸線和刻度尺都應(yīng)在         方向(填 “水平”或“豎直”)        

                  L0     Lx     L1     L2     L3   L4     L5     L6

數(shù)值(cm)        25.35        27.35      29.35        31.30    33.4 35.35      37.40      39.30

②彈簧自然懸掛,靜止時(shí),長(zhǎng)度記為L(zhǎng)0,彈簧下端掛上砝碼盤(pán)時(shí),長(zhǎng)度記為L(zhǎng)x;在砝碼盤(pán)中每次增加10g砝碼,彈簧長(zhǎng)度依次記為L(zhǎng)1至L6,數(shù)據(jù)如上表:表中有一個(gè)數(shù)值記錄不規(guī)范,代表符號(hào)為              .由表可知所用刻度尺的最小刻度為                                                                                                               

③如圖是該同學(xué)根據(jù)表中數(shù)據(jù)作的圖,縱軸是砝碼的質(zhì)量,橫軸是彈簧長(zhǎng)度與    LX 的差值(填“L0或LX”).         

④由圖可知彈簧的勁度系數(shù)為                                                                   N/m;通過(guò)圖和表可知砝碼盤(pán)的質(zhì)量為           g(結(jié)果保留兩位有效數(shù)字,重力加速度取9.8m/s2).

                                                                                    

                                                                                                                               

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如圖所示,一輛小車靜止在水平面上,在小車上放一個(gè)質(zhì)量為m=5kg的物體,它被一根水平方向上拉伸了的輕彈簧拉住而靜止在小車上,這時(shí)彈簧的彈力為4N.現(xiàn)沿水平向右的方向?qū)π≤囀┮宰饔昧Γ剐≤囉伸o止開(kāi)始運(yùn)動(dòng)起來(lái),運(yùn)動(dòng)中加速度由零逐漸增大到1m/s2,隨即以1m/s2的加速度做勻加速直線運(yùn)動(dòng).以下說(shuō)法正確的是(   )                 

                                                           

    A.  物體受到的摩擦力一直減小

    B.  當(dāng)小車加速度大小為1 m/s2時(shí),物體不受摩擦力作用

    C.  當(dāng)小車加速度大小為1 m/s2時(shí),物體受到的摩擦力大小為5N

    D.  這一過(guò)程中物體與小車始終保持相對(duì)靜止,彈簧對(duì)物體的作用力始終沒(méi)有發(fā)生變化

                                                                                                                               

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