an=
n
k=1
1
k(n+1-k)
,求證:當正整數(shù)n≥2時,an+1<an
分析:先對數(shù)列的通項化簡,再作差,證明其大于0,即可證得結論.
解答:證明:由于
1
k(n+1-k)
=
1
n+1
(
1
k
+
1
n+1-k
)
,因此
an=
n
k=1
1
k(n+1-k)
=
n
k=1
1
n+1
(
1
k
+
1
n+1-k
)
=
1
n+1
(1+
1
n
+
1
2
+
1
n-1
+…+
1
n
+1)
=
2
n+1
(1+
1
2
+…+
1
n
)
=
2
n+1
n
k=1
1
k
,
于是,對任意的正整數(shù)n≥2,有
1
2
(an-an+1)=
1
n+1
n
k=1
1
k
-
1
n+2
n+1
k=1
1
k

=(
1
n+1
-
1
n+2
)
n
k=1
1
k
-
1
(n+1)(n+2)
=
1
(n+1)(n+2)
(
n
k=1
1
k
-1)>0
,即an+1<an
點評:本題考查數(shù)列與不等式的綜合,考查學生分析解決問題的能力,對數(shù)列的通項化簡是關鍵.
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