Britain's seed bank, the only one in the world aiming to collect all of the planet's wild plant species, has reached its goal of banking 10 percent by 2010.
     The Millennium Seed Bank Project, run by Kew Gardens-one of the oldest botanical gardens-will
officially deposit the 24,200th species on Thursday, a pink, wild banana from China.
     More than 50 countries are now on board with Kew's giant task but vast places of the globe, including India and Brazil, still need to join in and donate seeds, director Paul Smith said.
     The seed bank is one of the largest and most diverse in the world with more than 1.5 billion seeds.Its
goal is to help protect the planet's biodiversity during a time of climate change.
     The wild banana seed is under threat of extinction (滅絕)  in southwest China from agricultural
development.It is a vital food source for Asian elephants and important for growing bananas for human
consumption.
     Stored at minus20 degrees centigrade, so they can last for thousands of years, the seeds await the day
that scientists hope never comes-when the species no longer exist in the wild.
     It is a race against time, Smith said, because in the last decade alone, 20 plants held in the bank have
already been wiped out in the wild.He estimates that between a third and a quarter will become extinct this century.
     "It is urgent and it is happening now.An area, the size of England, is cleared of primary vegetation
(植被) every year." Smith said.
     Because most of the world's food and medicines come from nature, protecting wild plant species is
quite important, scientists say.There are already many other seed banks safeguarding food crops, which
only account for 0.6 percent of plant diversity.
     For Kew's next goal-to collect a quarter of wild varieties by 2020-the botanists need 10 million pounds a year, or a further 100 million pounds on top of the 40 million they have already been granted.

1. What's the final purpose of the Britain's seed bank?

A. To collect enough money for the project.
B. To safeguard food crops.
C. To protect wild plants from extinction.
D. To help scientists study wild plants.

2. The wild banana seed in China is in danger because of________.

A. the expanding of farming work
B. the climate change in this area
C. the large number of Asian elephants
D. human's large consumption

3. We can learn from the passage that________.

A. the seeds in the bank can be used now and then all over the world
B. India and Brazil haven't joined in the Seed Bank Project at present
C. there is only one seed bank in the world at present
D. the wild plants in places like India and China will never die out

4. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 7 refer to?

A. The extinction of plant species.
B. The Millennium Seed Bank Project.
C. Britain's seed bank.
D. Kew Gardens'next goal.

5. Which of the following information isn't mentioned in the passage?

A. The global partnership of collecting wild plant species.
B. The temperature condition of the conservative wild plant species.
C. The government's financial support for the seed bank project.
D. Scientists'concern on the extinct wild plant species.

     Beijing had its biggest snowfall since 1951.Britain is suffering through its longest cold snap (寒潮) since
1981.And freezing weather is hitting the Deep South,including Florida's orange groves and beaches.
     Whatever happened to global warming?
     Such weather doesn't seem to fit with warnings from scientists that the Earth is warming because of
greenhouse gases. But experts say the cold snap doesn't contradict  global  warming at all-it's just a
temporary phenomenon  in  the  longterm heating trend."It's part of natural variability," said Gerald Meehl,
a senior scientist.With global warming,he said,"we'll still have record cold temperatures.We'll just have
fewer of them."
     Scientists say manmade climate change does  have the  potential to cause more frequent and  more
severe weather extremes.But experts did not connect the current cold snap to climate change.
     So what is going on?
     " We  basically have seen just a big outbreak of  Arctic air over populated areas of the Northern
Hemisphere",Arndt said.
     In the atmosphere,large rivers of air travel roughly west to east around the globe between the Arctic
and the tropics.This air flow acts like a fence to keep Arctic air restricted.But recently,this air flow has
become bent into a zigzag  (之字形)  pattern,wandering north and south.If you live in a place where it
brings air up from the south,you get warm weather. In fact, record  highs were reported this week in
Washington state and Alaska.
     But in the eastern United States,like some other unlucky parts of the globe,Arctic air is coming from the north. And  that's how you get a  temperature of 3 degrees in Beijing, a reading of  minus 42 in mainland
Norway,and 18 inches of snow in parts of Britain.The zigzag pattern arises naturally from time to time,but
it is not clear why it's so strong right now.

1．What is the best title of the text?

A．Freezing weather is hitting the Deep South
B．We'll still have record cold temperatures
C．The air flow has become a zigzag pattern
D．Cold snap doesn't contradict global warming

2．With global warming,we will________.

A．a(chǎn)lso meet with severe cold snap
B．have more hot temperatures forever
C．never experience cold temperatures
D．have more cold temperatures

3．According to experts,the current cold snap________.

A．suggests that the climate has changed greatly
B．is not related to the climate change
C．shows that the climate will turn cold
D．is affected by global warming

4．Beijing had its biggest snowfall since 1951 because of________.

A．a(chǎn) fence from the Arctic  
B．a(chǎn) cooling trend in climate
C．a(chǎn) big outbreak of Arctic air  
D．its large population

5．We can conclude that________.

A．not all the parts of the Northern Hemisphere are cold in face of the cold snap
B．the zigzag pattern arises naturally accidentally
C．Beijing will get cold weather next year
D．Washington state and Alaska will not face cold weather next year

1. Which of the following is true of Christopher Thomas?

A. He needs to go to the doctor every day.
B. He studies the leading cause of diabetes
C. He has a positive attitude to his disease.
D. He encourages diabetics by writing articles.

2. Diabeitcrockstar. com was created for________. 

A. diabetics to communicate
B. volunteers to find jobs
C. children to amuse themselves
D. rock stars to share resources

3. According to the text, Kody________.

A. feel lonely because of his illness
B. benefits from diabeticrockstar. com
C. helps create the online kid's forums
D. writes children's stories online

4. What can we learn about Fight It?

A. It helps the diabetics in financial difficulties.
B. It organizes parties for volunteer once a year.
C. It offers less expensive medicines to diabetics.
D. It owns a wellknown medical website.

5. The last paragraph suggests that Thomas________.

A. works fulltime in a diabetes charity
B. employs 22 people for his website
C. helps diabetics in his own way
D. tries to find a cure for diabetes

     What do you do if you get hit in the mouth and one of your teeth is knocked out? A dentist may be
able to put the tooth back in for you, but you have to get to the dentist first. In the meantime, you have
to store the tooth so that it will stay healthy.
     The simplest thing to do is to put the tooth back into your mouth, or you could put it in milk. Frank
Courts, a dentist at the University of Florida, worked with other researchers to find the safest way of
keeping knocked-out teeth. He tried putting teeth into milk, into water,  and into  cell-culture  medium
(細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)液).  He also tried just drying the teeth in the open air. He used teeth that had to be removed
from people's mouths for vanous reasons. The teeth were put into one of the solutions(溶液) or stored
in the air for one hour. Then cells from the root of the teeth were scraped off the teeth. Dr Courts and the
others then studied how healthy these cells were.
    The cell-culture medium worked best to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy outside the mouth.
However, few people keep cell-culture medium handy at home or in school. The next best thing was
milk. But Dr Courts said that the best thing of all was to wash the tooth and put it right back into its
socket (牙槽) in the mouth. For some people, though, this is just too painful or upsetting.  So milk will
do, until you get your tooth( andyour mouth) to a dentist.

1. This passage is mainly about           .

A. how a dentist can save a knocked-out tooth    
B. how to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy
C. how Dr Courts and other researchers made their experiments
D. how to put a knocked-out tooth back into its socket

2. Dr Courts tested __     .

A. man-made teeth
B. teeth dried in the open air
C. teeth pulled for various reasons
D. teeth put back in their sockets

3.The best way to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy outside the mouth is to store it       .

A. in cell-culture medium
B. in milk
C. in water
D. in the open air

4. Milk can be used instead of cell-culture medium to put a knocked-out tooth in because       .

A. milk works better to keep the tooth healthy
B. nulk causes less pain
C. cell-culture medium is not usually handy
D. cell-culture medium is more expensive

     First aid is emergency care for a victim(受害人) of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical
treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain important signs including pulse, temperature,
clear airway (氣道), and breathing.  In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim's condition from
turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be done as quickly as possible.  In the case of
the seriously injured, a  few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
    First-aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill.
Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do.Improperly moving a
person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的 ) injury  and  paralysis
(癱瘓) .
    Despite the variety of injuries possible, several rules of first aid apply to all emergencies.  The first step
is to call for expert medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been
requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid.  Next,  assess (評(píng)估) the scene, asking
other people or the injured person's family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that
may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病) or heart trouble. The
victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special conditions. Unless the accident scene
becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
      First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to decide whether life-threatening conditions exist. One
method for accessing a victim's condition is known by the acronym(首字母縮寫(xiě)詞) ABC, which stands
for:
      A-Airway: Is it open and clear?
     B-Breathing: Is the person breathing? Look,listen, and feel for breathing.
     C-Circulation: Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature
for additional indications of circulation problems.

1. First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT     .

A. saving a victim's life
B. preventing a victim's condition from getting worse
C. relieving a victim from pain
D. helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury

2. Before we offer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us       .

A. to make sure what to do and what not to do
B. to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid
C. to remove the ring or bracelet he/she may be wearing
D. to take him/her to a hospital at once

3. In giving first aid to a victim,  you should first of all       .

A. remove his/her from the accident scene
B. turn him/her over
C. call for professional medical help
D. examine him/her carefully

4. You may assess (評(píng)價(jià)) a victim's condition by all the following EXCEPT       .

A. checking whether there is a pulse
B. looking, listening and feeling for breathing
C. replacing his/her medical card
D. examining whether the airway is open and clear

     If you see someone drowning, speed is very important. Once you get him out of the water, if he isn't
breathing, you have four minutes before his brain is completely destroyed.  Support his neck, tilt(使翹
起) his head back and press his chin (下巴) upwards.This stops the tongue blocking the airway in the
throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again. If that doesn't work, start mouth-to-mouth
breathing. Prees his nostrils (鼻孔) together with your fingers. Open your mouth and take a deep breath.  Blow into his lungs until his chest rises, then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall. Repeat
twelve times a minute. Keep doing until help arrives.
    To bring a child back to life, keep your lips around his mouth and nose and gently blow into his
mouth. Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to fill the blood with oxygen. If, in spite of your
efforts, he starts tuming a blue-grey colour, and you can feel no pulse (脈搏) , then pressing is the last
chance of saving his life.
    With arms straight, rock forwards, pressing down on the lower half of the breastbone. Don't be too
hard or you may break a rib(肋骨). Check how effective you are seeing if his colour improves or his
pulse becomes independent to your chest pressing. If this happens, stopthe pressing. Otherwise continue
until rescue amves.

1. This passage is mainly about          .

A. how to save people out of the water
B. how to give first aid to people who are drowning
C. how to do mouth-to-mouth breathing
D. how to save a child from a nver

2. Once you get a drowning man out of the water, if he isn't breathing, you must first       .

A. get him breathing again
B. take him to the nearest hospital as soon as possible
C. find someone to help you
D. call the First Aid Centre

3. In the last paragraph, the underlined word "rescue" means       .

A. breath                    
B. help
C. doctor                    
D. pulse

4. If the drowning boy has no pulse,        .

A. pressing his chin upwards is enough to get him breathing
B. blowing air into his mouth is sure to save his life
C. pressing his nostrils together with your fingers can work
D. pressing is the last chance of saving his life

     Every year in the United States about 200 000 people are hospitalized and 36 000 die from the flu.
While colds won't kill you, they can weaken your immune(免疫的)system. We can't promise you'll
never get hit with another cold or suffer the flu, but you can increase your probability of staying well in
these ways.
     Wash your hands often. The Naval Health Research Center conducted a study of 40 000 people
who were ordered to wash their hands five times a day. These people cut their incidence of respiratory
(呼吸的) illnesses by 45 percent.
      Run your toothbrush through the microwave on high for 10 seconds to kill germs that can cause
colds and other illnesses. You think it gets your teeth clean- and it does.
      Get a flu shot every fall. The Centers for Disease Control recommends flu shots for anyone 50 years
old or older. Also, people who work or live with a high-risk person should       _ so they don't spread
the flu. Of course, anyone who just wants to avoid the flu should also get one.
       Stop blaming yourself when things go wrong at work. Believe it or not, blaming yourself makes
you more likely to catch a cold! At least, that's what researchers found when they studied more than
200 workers over three months. Researchers expect such attitudes make people more stressed on the
job, and stress, as you know, can challenge your immune system.
       Leave the windows in your house open a crack in winter. Not all of them, but one or two in the
rooms in which you spend the most time. A bit of fresh air will do wonders for chasing out germs.

1. What's the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)
                                                                                 
2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
Although we can't make sure that you never get a cold or the flu, you can probably reduce the  chances
of catching a cold or the flu by using these ways.
                                                                              
3. Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10
words.)
                                                                                 
4. What else can you suggest to avoid suffering the flu according to your own experience? Why?
( Please answer within 30 words.)
                                                                                
                                                                               
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph into Chinese.
                                                                               

     I suppose that the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen.
Just listen.Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our attention.And
especially if it's given from the heart.When people are talking,there's no need to do anything
but receive them.Listen to what they're saying.Care about it.Most times caring about it is
even more important than understanding it.Most of us don't value ourselves or our love
enough to know this.Ithas taken me a long time to believe in the power of simplesaying
"I'm so sorry," when someone is in pain.
     One of my patients told me that when she tried to tell herstory people often interrupted
to tell her that they once hadsomething just like that happening to them.Her pain becamea
story about themselves.Eventually she stopped talking to most people.We connect through
listening.When we interrupt what someone is saying to let them know that we understand,
we move the focus of attention to ourselves.When we listen,they know we care.
     I have even learned to respond to someone crying by just listening.In the old days I used
to reach for the handkerchiefs,until I realized that passing a person a handkerchiefmay be
just another way to shut him down,to take them out of their experience of sadness.Now I
just listen.When they have cried all they need to cry,they find me there with them.
     This simple thing has not been that easy to learn.It certainly went against everything I
had been taught since I was very young.I thought people listened only because they were
too shy to speak or did not know the answer.But now I knowthat a loving silence often
has far more power to heal than thekindest words.

1．What does the author value most in the communication with each other?

A．Deep understanding .
B．Saying "I'm sorry"．
C．Attention from heart.
D．Doing nothing.

2．The woman patient stopped telling her story to most people because________.

A．she didn't get enough respect from others
B．she was discouraged by being often interrupted
C．people often told her their own opinions
D．people couldn't understand her sad situation

3．If you hand a handkerchief to someone crying,you may________.

A．hurt his feelings
B．make him embarrassed
C．encourage him to continue to cry
D．stop him from letting out his sorrow

4．It can be inferred from the passage that while communicating,________.

A．listening is a perfect way to respond to others
B．people keep silent because they don't know the answer
C．keeping silent means being too shy to speak
D．it is easy to form the habit of listening silently

5．Which of the following might be the author's opinion about communication?

A．Keep silent.
B．Just listen.
C．Be careful.
D．Tell your own story.

     "Do something amazing. Save a life. Give blood."That's the message being delivered to
homes across the UK. The UK's National Blood Service is running a TV and radio campaign
using well-known personalities, such as business leader Richard Branson, to encourage people
to donate blood.
     Only 6 percent of people in the UK have been giving blood. People can register to donate
with the National Blood Service.There are currently l.9 million blood donors registered. Fifteen
percent of these are lost each year because of moving, ill health, or even death. The service
collects over 2 million donations every year. It encourages people to give blood three times
a year and needs 8 000 blood donations every day to keep up with demand.
     Because blood donations in the UK are voluntary, the donor receives no money for their
good act. And they must be between the ages of 17 and 60 and are asked questions about
their health before donating. Many people are reluctant to give blood because they think it
will be bad for their health or that they will get an infection. Whenever mobile units are in
town, the National Blood Service hands out iriformation on how to donate blood safely to.
     The service has also worked on speeding up the donation process so that people can he
in and out in 30 minutes. All blood is examined before use, but there have been cases where
this has gone wrong. In 2001, the National Health Service had to pay out 150 million dollars
to hundreds of people who became infected with hepatitis C after receiving a blood transfusion.

1. What is the best title of the passage?(Please answerwithin 10 words.)
____________________________________________________________________
2. Why does the number of blood donors decrease each year?( Please answer within
15 words.)
____________________________________________________________________
3. Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases to complete thesentence.(Please
answer within 10 words.)
____________________________________________________________________
4. Would you like to donate blood? Why?( Please answer within 30 words.)
______________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
______________________________________________________________________