The Internet has become not only a necessary but also a virtual (虛擬的) world. With the development of the Internet,Internet friendship has also become very popular. Online friends are those people who have known each other through the Internet. Making Internet friends is the same as making penfriends. One can find many people on the websites and they share the same interests. It is difficult to make friends with someone you can’t see or feel. That is the main problem of Internet friendship. A virtual friendship will not last for ever without seeing each other,but it is an advantage for some people because they are afraid to speak in public.

On the other hand,some people make friends on the Internet with wrong aims. So while making friends over the Internet,one ha^s to be very careful. Here are some suggestions for you.

. Don’t give personal information,such as your telephone number,address,location,school name as well as your parents’ information,to strangers on the Internet.

. Do not exchange personal photos of you or any family member with the people you meet over the Internet.

. Do not go to meet a person you have just met over the Internet. You’d better ask other people for advice if you want to go to meet an Internet friend.

. Do not accept someone’s request (要求) if you feel he or she is dishonest.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下面的表格。

51. 52. 53. 54. 55.

56. 57. 58. 59. 60.

(2015 •南京)

 Nowadays,the food that you buy comes from many different countries. Have a look in your fridge,cupboard,and fruit bowl and check the origins (來源) of the food. Perhaps there are apples from California,lamb fromNew Zealand,or potatoes fromEgypt. You will probably be surprised how far food travels to get to your plate. This journey,from “field to plate”，is called “food miles”. A food mile is the distance that food travels from the farmer’s field to the person who buys the food. Nowadays,food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumer (消費者) . Why is this,and what are the effects of these long distances?

Traditionally,farmers sold their food in the local market,so the food didn’t have to travel very far. The consumers also did not travel very far because they went to their local market to buy the food. This was a good system for farmers and consumers. However,there were some disadvantages. For example,consumers could only buy food that farmers produced locally. In addition,they could only get food that was in season. Now,because of modern technology,food comes from all over the world. We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes. They are available in winter if we want.

Some countries have to import (進口) most of their food. This is because they have difficult climates. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) ，for example,gets 85% of its food from other countries. Even food made in the UAE often uses imported materials.

What’s wrong with “food miles”？

Is this not a good way of increasing international trade? I believe these miles are worrying for a number of reasons. First of all,because food travels such long distances,we need more planes,lorries and ships to move the food. This means we use more oil or petrol,so there is more pollution and more global (全球的) warming. In addition,food that travels a long way is not fresh and usually not very tasty. Tomatoes,for example,are picked early and stored for their long journeys. For this reason,they are usually tasteless when they get to the consumer. Local food has a better taste,and it also reduces the amount of global pollution. We need to buy more local food.

() 46. What is called “food miles” according to this passage?

   A. The origins of the food. B. The effects of long distances.

   C. The journey from field to plate. D. The disadvantages of imported food.

() 47. The underlined word “available” in Paragraph 2 most probably means “

   A. easy to get   B. not busy   

    C. willing to talk   D. impossible to get

() 48. Some countries,like theUnited Arab Emirates,have to import most of their food because of.

   A. long distances   B. difficult climates

   C. fresh and tasty food   D. modern technology

() 49. The writer uses the LAST paragraph mostly to encourage readers to.

   A. buy more local food   B. increase international trade

   C. travel long distances   D. use imported materials

() 50. This passage is mainly about.

   A. how local food travels from field to plate   

    B. what “food miles” is and its effects

   C. how some countries import their food   

    D. where different kinds of food come from

  (2015 •廣州) Most of us probably live without vegetables,but a world without chocolate? Now that would be hard!According to chocolate makers,it could happen if we don't act soon.

There are two main causes of the chocolate shortage—chocolate’s growing popularity and less production of cocoa,the plant from which chocolate is made. With more and more people inIndiaand Chinaloving chocolate,not much can be done about the first cause.

Therefore,the only thing we can do is to increase cocoa production. However,new plant diseases and little rain inIvory Coastand Ghana,the world’s largest producers,have reduced cocoa production by 40 percent in the past 10 years. What’s worse,many cocoa farmers in Africa and other cocoaproducing countries likeIndonesiaandVenezuelaare changing to easier-to-grow crops such as corn or rubber. This way,the farmers can make more money.

To prevent more farmers from changing,researchers at the newly opened International Cocoa Control Centre,in theUK,are trying to create new cocoa plants that are stronger and faster growing.

But first they must make sure the new plants are safe to grow. This takes a long time.

First,each new plant is stored at the Control Centre for six months to make sure it is healthy. It is then planted in the Centre’s fields,studied and tested for another two years. Only after scientists are certain that they^Jre diseasefree,will the plants be sent to farmers in West Africa or wherever else they are needed.

To create new stronger types of cocoa,scientists at the Centre are combining the best parts from different cocoa plants. Though the world is facing a serious chocolate shortage,there is now hope!

() 41. The first paragraph tells us that.

   A. chocolate is healthier than vegetables

   B. the world could soon be without chocolate

   C. people love vegetables more than chocolate

   D. it’s not necessary to eat so much chocolate

() 42. In which countries has chocolate become more popular in recent years?

   A. VenezuelaandIndonesia. B. Ivory CoastandGhana.

   C. IndonesiaandChina. D. ChinaandIndia.

() 43. Cocoa farmers are choosing to grow rubber and corn because these crops .. ...   .

   A. can make them more money   B. need less rain to grow

   C. can be planted more times each year   D. are not damaged by plant diseases

() 44. How long does it take scientists at the Centre to make sure a cocoa plant is safe to grow?

   A. 6 months. B. 12 months. C. 24 months. D. 30 months.

() 45. What is one of the purposes of the Cocoa Control Centre?

   A. To introduce cocoa production to more countries.

   B. To provide more chocolate for British people.

   C. To produce stronger types of cocoa plants.

    D . To make sure that cocoa is healthy to eat.

 (2015 •福州) Have you noticed your life becoming a little easier? Now,when you go to a certain shopping mall,you can enjoy its free Wi-Fi there. When you want to take a taxi,you can book one with your phone. In fact,all these can be seen as the basic parts of a smart city.

The idea of a smart city was brought up byUScompany IBM in 2010. Generally,a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning,save money and resources,and make our life convenient. How smart can a city be? Here are great examples that we can learn from.

In 2009 ₉ Dubuque became the first smart city in theUS. The city used smart water meters to take the place of traditional water meters. They can detect (探測) water waste and leakage (泄漏) and send data to let the house owner know. The same system is used for other city resources like electricity and natural gas. This way,people know how they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste.

Santander inSpainalso gives us a look at the future. If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop,the phone immediately shows all bus lines that serve the stop as well as their arrival times. The government organized a research team and provided an app (應(yīng)用程序) that collects data on almost everything： light,temperature,and the movements of cars and people. Opening the app near a supermarket provides immediate information on special offers.

() 36. According to the passage,which of the following is RIGHT?

   A. Digital technologies are used in smart cities.

   B. An English company first raised the idea of a smart city.

   C. A smart city is mainly made up of free Wi-Fi and phones.

   D. A smart city is still an idea and hasn’t come into being.

() 37. The underlined word “convenient” is the closest in meaning to “   ”.

   A. useful   B. normal   C. suitable   D. easy

() 38. Compared to traditional water meters,smart water meters do better in.

   A. cleaning water   B. supplying water   

    C. saving water   D. producing water

() 39. The example of Santander shows the use of smart systems in aspects (方面) EXCEPT

   A. business   B. health care

   C. traffic controlling   D. public transportation

() 40. What’s the main idea of the passage?

   A. Digital technologies help improve city planning.

   B. Smart cities will make our future life better and smarter.

   C. Smart cities are very common in both Dubuque and Santander.

   D. Spain and theUStake the leading position in building smart cities.

 (2015 •濱州)

A short Chinese man is one of the biggest men in the world right now. He is Jack Ma (Ma Yun) ，the Chairman (董事局主席) of Alibaba Group. On Sept. 19,2014,Alibaba went public (上市) and raised $25 billion. Ma,a former English teacher,has become the richest man in China.

Born in 1964 in Hangzhou,Zhejiang,Ma grew up as a happy kid. When he was a teenager,he wanted to learn English. Every morning,he got up at 5 a. m. , rode his bike for 40 minutes to a hotel near the West Lake and talked with foreign tourists in English. He did it for nine years,rain or shine.

The experience made him an excellent English speaker and also opened his eyes to the outside world.

In 1994,Ma Yun heard about the Internet. And on a 1995 trip to theUS,Ma was shown the Internet for the first time. He searched the word “beer” on Yahoo,and found that there was nothing there about China. Seeing the chance,Ma returned toChinaand set up a website called China Pages without even knowing much about computers.

Four years later,Ma, his wife and his friends set up Alibaba in Hangzhou. He believed in the Internet business potential (潛力) when few other Chinese did. 15 years later,Alibaba has developed into the world’s largest ecommerce company（電子商務(wù)公司) ，owning popular shopping websites like Taobao and Tmall.

() 31. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to (指的是) .

   A. riding a bike   B. teaching English

   C. playing on computers   D. practising English with foreigners

() 32. In 1995,Ma Yun was shown for the first time in the US.

   A. beer on Yahoo   B. the Internet   C. Chinese Pages   D. ecommerce

() 33. Alibaba was set up in the year.

   A. 1994   B. 1995   C. 1999   D. 2004

() 34. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

   A. The first website Ma Yun set up was Taobao.

   B. Alibaba raised a lot of money after it went public.

   C. Ma Yun began to learn English when he was a teenager.

   D. Ma Yun believed the Internet business would have a bright future.

() 35. What does the passage mainly tell us?

   A. How Ma Yun made history. B. The history of Alibaba Group.

   C. How Ma Yun learned English. D. The development of ecommerce inChina.

 Angela has been crazy about writing since she was young. She got her first lesson in storytelling from 16 grandfather,who gave her words of love. He set off her imagination and influenced her much. Angela always had stories running 17 her head and as soon as she could write,she put them down on the paper.

Angela 18 remembered the call that changed her life. It was Tuesday,February 18th when the 19 rang in the kitchen of her Los Angeles home. On the line was Marty Banderas,a literary agent (代 理) ，to whom she had sent a draft of her novel three weeks earlier. He asked Angela some 20 information,like age and health condition. Angela felt 21 and asked what that was about,Banderas only replied, ^uTve just sold your 22 for one and a half million dollars!”

She sat down in shock. She had written over fourteen novels in twenty years,but each one had been 23 by publishers (出版商) . Many people would have been discouraged (氣俊的) 24 not her. Each time she just got down to writing another one. Her husband advised her to find something else to do,but she never 25 . Seeing this book published was the most 26 thing that had ever happened to her.

Now she is a 27 of three children,but she has never stopped 28 ,turning out novels between kids and dishes. She is writing another novel now. And she expects another success. Yes,her belief has brought her 29 ,and it has changed her life 30 . Angela is fully confident that she will enjoy a more successful and meaningful life as long as she keeps on with her dream.

() 16. A. my   B. her   C. your   D. his

() 17. A. through   B. with   C. along   D. across

() 18. A. hardly   B. probably   C. clearly   D. usually

() 19. A. phone   B. bell C clock   D. alarm

() 20. A. local   B. public   C. personal   D. national

() 21. A. happy   B. afraid   C. sad   D. strange

() 22. A. painting   B. novel   C. newspaper   D. magazine

() 23. A. accepted   B. agreed   C. refused   D. enjoyed

() 24. A. so   B. or   C. and   D. but

() 25. A. came back   B. gave up   C. went away   D. got down

() 26. A. boring   B. tiring   C. exciting   D. interesting

() 27. A. teacher   B. cousin   C. nurse   D. mother

() 28. A. writing   B. reading   C. listening   D. speaking

() 29. A. freedom   B. success   C. friendship   D. beauty

() 30. A. in time   B. in public   C. in return   D. in surprise

() 15. 一Why did you leave the fan on in your room? It^’s a waste of electricity. —.

   A. I don't think so either   B. Not at all

   C. Sorry,I will turn it off   D. That’s all right

() 14. — So,can you tell me here yesterday?

—Well,I was walking down Centre Street when a UFO landed.

   A. what did you see   B. what you saw

   C. when did you see it   D. when you saw

() 13. — do you go to Weifang Theatre? 一 Once a month.

   A. How soon   B. How often   C. How much   D. How long

() 12. 一 How is your father today?

—He feels to go to work. Thank you.

   A. enough good   B. well enough   C. bad enough   D. enough well