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　　All students need to have good study habits．When you have good study habits, you can learn things quickly．You also remember them easily．

　　Do you like to study in the living-room? This is not a good place because it is usually too noisy(嘈雜的)．You need to study in a quiet place, like your bedroom．A quiet place will help you only think about one thing, and you will learn better．

　　Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk．A good desk light is important, too．You will feel tired easily if there is not enough light．

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　　Most American families are smaller than the families in other countries．Most American families have one or two parents and one or two children each．

　　Children in the US will leave their parents' home when they grow up．They usually live far from their parents because they want to find good jobs．They often write to their parents or telephone them．And they often go to visit their parents on holidays．

　　Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs．Americans think it important for young people to decide on their lives by themselves．

　　Children are asked to do some work around their house．And in many families, children are paid for doing housework so that they learn how to make money for their own use．

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My friend Susan comes from Sydney, Australia．She goes home for holidays every year with her parents．They usually go by air, and it takes them about 17 hours from Beijing to Sydney．They buy air tickets from the travel agency．Sometimes they go by ship．It's quite slow to go by ship, but they can enjoy the scenery at the same time．They don't go by train, because there's no train from Beijing to Sydney．

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　　The Spring Festival is the biggest festival for Chinese people all around the world．The celebration(慶祝)usually lasts for 15 days．There is a lot to do．

　　On the eve of the Spring Festival, family members get together and have big meals．Their favourite dish on this day is dumplings．

　　Days before the Spring Festival, families will clean their homes．People think cleaning sweeps away bad luck．It makes the house ready for good luck．

　　The colour red is everywhere during the Spring Festival．People think red is a happy colour and will bring them a bright future．People wear red, too．They decorate(裝飾)their homes with pieces of red paper．Kids get a lot of“hong bao”．It is a red paper bag with money in it．Usually, older people give children hong bao．They think it brings good luck．

　　The Spring Festival is the time to make everybody happy．So don't say any bad words or do anything that will bring unhappiness to other people．

　　For example, you'd better not say any bad words like“death”．Don't break anything．People think that it means your luck is running out．

　　Also, don't borrow or lend money on these days．If you have borrowed money, return it before the Spring Festival．

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Mr Heavy is a big man．He loves to eat．One day he says,‘Now I am fat．I can't eat too much again．’He wants something to help him remember not to eat too much．He buys a“talking”fridge from a shop．Mr Heavy doesn't eat very much for three meals．But at night when he goes to bed, he feels a little hungry．He forgets what he says．He goes to the fridge．He wants to get something to eat．When he opens the door of the fridge, there is a voice,‘Remember not to eat too much．’Mr Heavy doesn't eat anything and goes to bed again．The fridge works．

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　　‘How are you?’is a nice question．It's a friendly way that people in the United States greet each other．But‘How are you?’is also a very unusual question．It's a question that often doesn't have an answer．

　　When a person meet a friend on the street and asks‘How are you?’, the person doesn't really expects to hear an answer such as‘I really don't know what's wrong with me．’The person who asks‘How are you?’expects to hear the answer‘Fine’even if the other person isn't! The reason is that‘How are you?’isn't really a question, and‘Fine．’isn't really an answer．They are simply ways of greeting people and saying‘Hello．’

　　Sometimes, people also don't say exactly what they mean．For example, when someone asks‘Do you agree?’, the other might be thinking‘No, I disagree．I think you're wrong．’But it isn't very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say,‘I'm not so sure．’It's a nice way to say that you don't agree with someone．

　　People also don't say exactly what they are thinking when they finish conversation with other people．For example, many conversations over the phone end when one person says,‘I've got to go now．’Often, the person who want to hang up gives an excuse：‘Someone's at the door．’‘I've got to put the groceries away．’‘Something is burning on the stove!’The excuse might be real, or it might not be．Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn't want to talk any more, but it isn't very polite to say that．The excuse is more polite, and it doesn't hurt the other person's feelings．

　　Whether they are greeting each other, talking about an opinion, or ending a conversation people often don't say exactly what they are thinking．It's an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and it's all part of the game of language!

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Americans enjoy Halloween(萬(wàn)圣節(jié)前夕)．It falls on the fourth Thursday of November．It is one of the most favourite holidays for children in the USA．On that night families have Halloween parties and they often dress up in costumes(服裝)like a witch(巫婆), a ghost(鬼)or a skeleton(骷髏)．The children go to houses to say“Trick or treat!”Long ago, if a child was not good, he or she would get a trick(詭計(jì))like having a stone in his or her bag instead of some candy．Nowadays, no one get tricks．All the children receive lots of candy．Parents are also popular in the evening and people play different games．People also like listening to ghost stories and watching scary movies．

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　　The Sahara is one of the world's biggest deserts(沙漠)．Many people think it has always been a desert, but they are wrong．At one time the Sahara was under water, and then the water went away and things grew．However, hot winds made everything very dry and then nothing could grow．

　　During the day, the Sahara can be the hottest place in the world．One day, in 1924, it was 136.4°F, or 58℃! At night, however, it is not so hot, and in winter it can be very cold．

　　Not many big animals can live in the desert．The camel is the best known, it is called the ship of the deserts．And there is also a kind of deer．These animals can live for a long time without water．There are also people living in the desert．They are called Bedouins．They do not live in the same place all the time but move about from place to place．

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As you know, the great American writer Jack London was poor when he began to write his books．He worked very hard but it didn't help him．Once he promised(承諾)a New York magazine to write a story for it, but he was busy at that time and could not keep his promise．The boss of the magazine wrote letters to Jack London several times to ask him to send the story．At last he went to Jack London's room and left him a note．“Dear Jack London, if I don't get the story in twenty-four hours, I'll come to your room and kick you downstairs, and I always keep my promise．”Jack London read the note and answered：“Dear Dick, if I could do my work with my feet like you, I could keep my promise, too．”

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