Experts believe that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might surprise you to learn that restaurants, as we know them, have only existed for a few centuries. Before 1765, there were no restaurants. That is, there were no places that provided the restaurant experience. There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.

There were eating places travellers could go to centuries before that. The countryside was full of inns that would serve food. And there were taverns where one could get drinks. The rich could also eat special meals prepared by private cooks. But none of them could be called a “restaurant”.

A man called Boulanger changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups(湯). On his sign he used the word "restaurant" to describe what he was selling. At that time, soups were considered something that could help "restore"(恢復(fù))your health — in French the word "restore" is “restaurer” — so he called the soups "restaurants". Soon, people started buying Boulanger's soups even when they were not ill. And over time, people began to use the word "restaurant" to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. More "restaurants" opened in France, and people began to buy soups more often.

Later, restaurants in Paris began to serve other food besides soup. In the 1790s, menus started to appear. By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world. The United States offered coffee shops. Tea houses became popular throughout China. Paris created beautiful restaurants for the rich. The British began to copy the French, and the restaurant idea spread throughout the British Empire.

Today cities are filled with all types of restaurants. Diners have millions of options from which to choose.

1.What is the passage mainly about?

A. How restaurants developed.

B. What made a good restaurant.

C. Who created the first restaurant.

D. Why restaurants became popular.

2.According to the first paragraph, what made restaurants different from earlier eating places?

A. Restaurants only served food.

B. Restaurants were more expensive.

C. Restaurants were mainly in cities.

D. Restaurants had a list of meal choices.

3.Who did Boulanger expect to come and eat at his restaurant?

A. Rich people.

B. Sick people.

C. Travellers.

D. Workers.

4.When it was first used. what did the word "restaurant" refer to?

A. A person.

B. A place.

C. Illness.

D. Soup.

5.When did restaurants begin to grow internationally?

A. In the 1600s.

B. In the 1700s.

C. In the 1800s.

D. In the 1900s.

1.A 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.C 【解析】試題1765年以前，世界上沒有餐館。本文主要介紹了餐館是如何 “從無到有，再到種類繁多”的發(fā)展過程。 1.根據(jù)本文主要介紹了餐館是如何 “從無到有，再到種類繁多”的發(fā)展過程,所以“How restaurants developed” 最符合文章大意。故選：A。 2.根據(jù)第一段的最后兩句There was no...

Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that junk(垃圾)has become a problem in outer space too.

According to BBC News, there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes (望遠(yuǎn)鏡). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.

Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.

To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example, when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.

To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.

Many scientists also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing a metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earth's atmosphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.

The problem is becoming more challenging because we're sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computers,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space

Researcher.

“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become,” he says.

1.What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Telescopes.

B. Satellites.

C. Pieces of space junk.

D. BBC news reports.

2.Why is space junk considered a problem?

A. It buns up after it re-enters the atmosphere

B. It often stops the view of telescopes on Earth

C. It could force new space tools to travel at slower speeds

D. It may crash into other space tools causing damage or death

3.Countries want future space tools to be able to fall back into the earth's atmosphere so that .

A. the tools can be reused later

B. the tools don't become space junk

C. the earth’s atmosphere can stay clean

D. the effects of space flight can be studied

4.How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk?

A. Catch it with nets.

B. Use robots to collect it.

C. Burn it in the earth's atmosphere.

D. Send it further away from the earth.

5.In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?

A. Environment.

B. Local News.

C. Education.

D. Fashion.

1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.A 【解析】試題本文主要講述了垃圾不僅是地球上，而且也是太空里的一大問題，對(duì)人類生存環(huán)境造成極大的影響，許多科學(xué)家也提出了清理太空垃圾的不同方法。 1.根據(jù)前文According to BBC News, there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating aro...

Science for Kids This month's most popular books
1. Women in Science by Rachel Ignotofsky Price $25 We all know the story of Marie Curie and her many scientific achievements. But many other brilliant female scientists are far less well known. This book is a great introduction to the lives and works of some of the most important and up-to-now unknown women in science. Recommended for Ages: 12-15 Order Now	Special Offer For this month, only all Bestbooks Book Club members will pay 20% less for every book ordered. Join our club for free and save big money! Delivery
2. First Big Book of How by Jill Esbaum Price $15 An excellent book about sea life for young children. The book is divided into 4 parts, one for each of the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Arctic oceans. It focuses on the different animals found in each of these seas, along with interesting facts and amazing pictures. Ages: 5-10 Order Now	We bring every book you order right to your door within three days. For Bestbooks Book Club members, this is free. Non-members must pay an extra $2 per book.
3. A Really Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson Price $15 Bill Bryson takes readers on a very funny and educational trip through the history of modern science — from its unexpected successes to its great failures and everything in between. Ages: 14 and over Order Now
4. National Geographic's First Big Books of the World by Jan Carn Price $20 This book is the perfect introduction to the seven continents. It tells young readers about the different animals that live on each of these lands and gives a simple description of the people's history and culture. Ages: 5-12 Order Now

1.How are the books on this webpage listed?

A. By price.

B. By popularity.

C. By reader’s age.

D. By writer’ s name.

2.What is true about the book Women in Science?

A. It is mainly about Marie Curie's history.

B. It lists all the important scientific achievements.

C. It includes women scientists that aren’t famous.

D. It is mostly about the development of modern science.

3.How much will a Bestbooks Book Club member pay in total if he orders First Big Book of How and A Really Short History of Nearly Everything today?

A. $34.

B. $30.

C. $26.

D. $24.

4.A primary school student who needs to write a science report about African elephants should choose .

A. Women in Science

B. First Big Book of How

C. A Really Short History of Nearly Everything

D. National Geographic's First Big Book of the World

5.What is the main purpose of this webpage?

A. To sell books to young readers.

B. To attract new book club members.

C. To encourage students' interest in science.

D. To review books young readers might like.

1.B 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.A 【解析】試題本文主要介紹了幾本適合小讀者的書，介紹了書的基本內(nèi)容、建議閱讀年齡和書的價(jià)格等。 1.根據(jù)表格第一欄This month's most popular books可知，這個(gè)網(wǎng)頁上的書是按照受歡迎度列出的。故選：B。 2.根據(jù)1.Women in Science by Rachel Ignotofsky一欄...

閱讀短文及文后A~E選項(xiàng)，選出可以填入46~50各題空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Most of us think the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.1.In fact, an Italian named Antonio Meucci was officially recognised(認(rèn)定) as the inventor a few years ago. Who is Meucci and why wasn't he known for his invention at the time?

Antonio Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. He studied engineering and drawing. During his studies, Meucci started to experiment with electricity. 2.When two places were connected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk.

In 1850, Meucci and his wife, Ester, moved to New York. Meucci was worried about his wife, because she had become very ill. 3.To solve this problem, he connected metal cables between his home and his workshop. This way, they could talk to each other conveniently.

Meucci invited a group of people to see his new invention. They listened in amazement as the voice of a singer was heard through the wires.

4. Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent (專利) on his invention. Meanwhile, Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same idea and in 1876 the patent for the telephone was given to him.

In 2002, more than a century after Meucci's death, his work was finally recognised by the government. 5.

A. He discovered that sound could travel through metal cables.

B. However, he wasn' t the first person to think of the idea.

C. Unfortunately, only a few people attended this talk.

D. He will now be known all over the world as the telephone's inventor.

E. He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.

1.B 2.A 3.E 4.C 5.D 【解析】試題人們大多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為電話是由亞歷山大•格雷厄姆•貝爾發(fā)明的。然而，他不是第一個(gè)想到這個(gè)想法的人。事實(shí)上，一個(gè)名叫安東尼奧·梅烏奇的意大利人在幾年前被正式承認(rèn)為發(fā)明電話的人，本文介紹了其發(fā)明電話的過程。 1.根據(jù)上下文之間的關(guān)系可知，此處含義上表示轉(zhuǎn)擇 “However, he wasn' t the first ...

根據(jù)所給的漢語內(nèi)容，用英語完成下列句子。(每空限填一詞)

1.你沿絲綢之路旅游過嗎?

_________ ________ever________along the Silk Road?

2.參觀廣州博物館對(duì)我們很有教育意義。

_________ __________very educational for us________ __________Guangzhou Museum.

3.明天的大雨可能會(huì)阻礙我們外出。

The heavy rain may___________us from_________out tomorrow.

4.廣州的公園每年都種很多樹。

Every year, a lot of trees__________ ________in the parks in Guangzhou.

5.我昨晚看的那場(chǎng)電影真好笑!

________ _____________ _________movie I saw last night!

6.我想知道明天我們?cè)谀睦镆娒妗?/p>

I wonder ______ _______ _______meet tomorrow.

7.如果你足夠細(xì)心,就不會(huì)犯簡(jiǎn)單的錯(cuò)誤。

You won't ______any simple mistakes_______you __________careful enough.

1. Have you traveled/travelled 2. It is to visit 3. keep/stop/prevent; going 4. are planted 5. What a funnyw 6. here we will 7. make if are 【解析】 1.根據(jù)語義可知本句使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的一般疑問句。助動(dòng)詞hav...

書面表達(dá)

你是英語校報(bào)編輯李華。校報(bào)收到初一新生Ben的來信，他提出了所面臨的兩個(gè)問題。

請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示寫一封回信，說明Ben的問題，提出你的建議并陳述理由。

Ben's problems	Your advice and reasons
朋友少，感覺孤單	1.參加學(xué)校社團(tuán)(club)---結(jié)識(shí)更多朋友
2.?(請(qǐng)你補(bǔ)充)
英語單詞難記	1.多閱讀英語故事、新聞一在運(yùn)用中學(xué)單詞
2.?(請(qǐng)你補(bǔ)充)

Dear Ben,

I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble getting used to life in middle school. In your letter you said that…

…

Good luck with everything!

Li Hua

注意：

(1)回信應(yīng)包括所有要點(diǎn)；

(2)詞數(shù)80左右(信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，
不計(jì)入詞數(shù))；

(3)不得透露學(xué)校、姓名等任何個(gè)人信息，否則不予評(píng)分。

Dear Ben, I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble getting used to life in middle school. In your letter you said that you always felt lonely because of having few friends. I think it is a go...

(1) My children are growing up fast. My daughter is 16 and my boy is already in junior high school. As they get bigger our house seems 1.(get) smaller. So we want to sell some of our things in a yard sale and give the money2. a children’s home.

(2) We have already 3.(clear) out a lot of things from our bedrooms. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer 4.(use). My son was quite sad at first. Although he has not played with his old toys 5. a long time, he still wanted6.(keep) them. For example, he has owned a train and railway set since his 7.(four) birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven. And he didn’t want to lose his toy monkey, either. He 8.(sleep) next to the monkey every night when he was a child. My daughter was more 9.(understand), although she also felt sad 10.(part) with certain toys.

1.to get 2.to 3.cleared 4.use 5.for 6.to keep 7.fourth 8.slept 9.understanding 10.to part 【解析】試題這是一篇記敘文，文章講述了隨著孩子越來越大東西越來越多，房子的空間也變得越來越小，為了賺一些錢以及讓房子寬敞一些，“我”決定出售一些不常用的東西，雖...

Michael went back to Fullerton, his home town .His visit to Fullerton was very special to him.① He was born there, he grew up there．But he hadn't been back there since he finished high school．

He went to places he hadn't been to for many years. He walked through the park and remembered the days he had walked through that same park with his friends．He passed by the field where he and his friends had played baseball every day after school. And he stood in front of the movie theater and thought about all the Saturday afternoons he had spent there，watching his favorite movie heroes and eating popcorn.

②他做了已經(jīng)很久沒有做的事情。He had some home-made ice cream at the ice cream shop. He rode on the merry-go-round in the park，and he went fishing at the lake．For a little while，he felt like a kid again．

He saw people he hadn't seen in years．He visited several of his old neighbors．He said hello to the owners of the candy store near his house．And he also went to see Mrs. Riley, his tenth-grade science teacher．

Michael's trip back to Fullerton was a very nostalgic (懷舊的)experience for him．Going back to Fullerton brought back many memories of days gone by．

1.Michael went to places he hadn't been to for many years. Which places did he go?

(no more than 10 words) ________

2.Who did Michael visit? (no more than 20 words )

_________________

3.將短文中①處劃線的句子譯成漢語。
 

______________________

4.將短文中②處劃線漢語句子譯成英語。
 

_______________________

5.請(qǐng)給短文擬一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⑽臉?biāo)題。
 

____________________

1.He went to the park, the field and the movie theater. 2.He visited several of his old neighbors, the owners of the candy store and his tenth-grade science teacher. 3.他在那里出生，在那里長(zhǎng)大。 4.He did ...

mostly; taken; homeland; abroad; lived; appear;

search; someday; died

Do you have any family members or friends who live 1.? Now many people come to China to look for the roots of their families. They 2. come from the USA, Canada, England and Germany. Mrs. Sun is a Chinese woman, and she has3. abroad for fifty years. Her father is a Chinese farmer. He 4. when Mrs. Sun was only seven years old. She was 5. by her uncle to America and has lived abroad ever since. She is a famous singer now in America. Every time she appears in public, thousands of her fans never miss the chance to see her. She is also a poet and a lot of people are deeply moved by her poems. She often says she is in 6. of her ancestors’ roots. She has never forgotten her7.. She hopes that she will be able to go back to her hometown someday, and she will go to her father’s grave.

1.abroad 2.mostly 3.lived 4.died 5.taken 6.search 7.homeland 【解析】試題這是一篇記敘文，文章講述了在美國(guó)生活了五十年的孫夫人在成為美國(guó)著名歌唱家后，思念祖國(guó)和家鄉(xiāng)，要回中國(guó)尋根的故事。 1.句意：你有家人或朋友住在國(guó)外嗎？abroad在海外，live動(dòng)詞，需用副詞修飾；live abroa...

Please come in, Alice. Welcome to _________ house.

A. her B. his C. my D. your

C 【解析】句意：愛麗絲請(qǐng)進(jìn)，歡迎來到我的房子�？疾榇�詞辨析題。根據(jù)句意語境，可知是“我”在歡迎客人的到來，需用第一人稱的my，故選C。