Question

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞。
The development of the English language took a giant step in 1607. Three small British ships c【小題1】 the Atlantic Ocean. They began to call areas of their new land by words borrowed from the native people. For example, many of the great r【小題2】 in the United States are taken from American Indian words. The Mississippi, the Tennessee, the Missouri are examples. This borrowing or adding of foreign words to English was a w【小題3】of expanding（擴(kuò)大）the language. The names of three days of the week are good examples of this. The people from Northern Europe honored three gods with a special day each week. The gods were Odin, Thor and Freya. Odin’s-day became Wednesday in English, Thor’s-day became T【小題4】 and Freya’s-day became Friday.
Experts cannot explain many English words. For h【小題5】 of years, a dog was called a “hound.” The word is still u【小題6】 but not as commonly as the word “dog.” English speakers just started using it. Other words whose origins are unknown i【小題7】“fun,” “bad,” and “big.”
English speakers also continue to invent n【小題8】 words by linking old words together. A good example is the words “motor” and “hotel.” Many years ago
s【小題9】 linked them together into the word “motel.” A motel is a small hotel near a road where people travelling in cars can stay for the night.
Other words come from the f【小題10】 letters of names of groups or devices. For example, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization is usually called NATO.

Answer 1

小題1:crossed
小題2:rivers
小題3:way
小題4:Thursday
小題5:hundreds
小題6:used
小題7:include
小題8:new
小題9:someone/somebody
小題10:first

試題分析：這篇短文主要以一些具體單詞為例，說(shuō)明了英語(yǔ)詞匯的發(fā)展變化方式及過(guò)程。
小題1:聯(lián)系上下文，可知此處指的是，這艘英國(guó)小船橫渡了太平洋。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知本句描述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)首字母可知填過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞crossed，橫穿。
小題2:聯(lián)系下文The Mississippi, the Tennessee, the Missouri的描述，可知此處指的是美國(guó)的大部分河流。根據(jù)首字母可知填復(fù)數(shù)名詞rivers，河流。
小題3:結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處指的是擴(kuò)大英語(yǔ)詞匯的一種方式。根據(jù)首字母可知填單數(shù)名詞way，道路，方法。
小題4:聯(lián)系上下文，可知此處指的是Thor’s-day 成為了星期四。根據(jù)首字母可知填專有名詞Thursday，星期四。
小題5:結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處指的是許多年以來(lái)。英語(yǔ)中數(shù)詞表示概數(shù)時(shí)，后面加s，和介詞of搭配使用。根據(jù)首字母可知填復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞hundreds，幾百。
小題6:聯(lián)系上下文可知此處指的是這個(gè)單詞仍在使用。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知本句主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作對(duì)象，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)首字母可知填過(guò)去分詞used，使用。
小題7:聯(lián)系下文“fun,” “bad,” and “big.”可知此處指的是包括這幾個(gè)單詞，根據(jù)首字母可知填介詞include，包括。
小題8:聯(lián)系下文，可知此處指的是說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人也在繼續(xù)發(fā)明新單詞，根據(jù)首字母可知填形容詞new，新的，作定語(yǔ)。
小題9:結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處指的是某人把它們連接在一起，根據(jù)首字母可知填someone/somebody，有人，某人。
小題10:聯(lián)系下文the North Atlantic Treaty Organization is usually called NATO.可知此處指的是有些單詞來(lái)自一組單詞或者裝備的首字母。根據(jù)首字母可知填序數(shù)詞first，第一個(gè)，首先的。做定語(yǔ)。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：首字母一直是英語(yǔ)考試中的難點(diǎn)，得分率比較低。解答此類題型的方法一般就是根據(jù)文章前后句子之間意思推斷出詞義，并結(jié)合首字母推斷出所缺單詞，然后根據(jù)該單詞在句子中的句子成分，所起作用，確定單詞詞形，進(jìn)行適當(dāng)詞形變化。注意動(dòng)詞，名詞等一般要有詞形變化，注意主謂語(yǔ)數(shù)的一致問(wèn)題。而介詞則沒(méi)有詞形變化。在敘事性短文中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)及現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，說(shuō)明性短文中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。