Question

【題目】

There are a lot of interesting things living in the sea. There are many types of fish and many other animals. There are also many types of plants. There are even some animals which have a lot in common with you. They are mammals living in the sea. How much do you know about creatures that live in the sea? Do you want to know more about the food chain（鏈）in the sea?

In the sea, all sea creatures get food from other sea creatures. At the first link of the food chain are the sea plants and plankton (浮游生物). Plants are found only in the sunlight zone where there is enough light for them, however, animals are found at all depths of the oceans though their numbers are greater near the surface where food is enough. Many kinds of fish and animals, such as the snail, shrimp, jellyfish, and sea star eat the plankton. The small animals and fish that eat plankton then become food for larger fish, such as the tuna and mackerel. These fish are then eaten by larger fish and animals, such as the shark and dolphin. The shark and dolphin are at the top of the food chain in the sea. Sharks are very dangerous so many people are eaten by them in the sea. But why the number of the shark is becoming smaller and smaller? And who eats the shark? Check out the menu at a seafood restaurant next time you are eating there. Don't be surprised if you find shark on the menu.

【1】The underlined word “creatures” means ______.

A. 維持B. 生物C. 奇特D. 藻類

【2】Which is NOT true?

A. Animals are found at all depths of the oceans

B. Plants are found only in the sunlight zone

C. The large animals become food for small ones.

D. The shark and dolphin are at the top of the food chain in the sea

【3】Plankton is food for ______.

A. the snailB. shrimpC. sea star and jellyfishD. All the above

【4】______ are at the top of the food.

A. The sea plantsB. The small fishC. PeopleD. The shark and dolphin

【5】What’s the passage mainly talk about?

A. The sea plantsB. Food Chain in the Sea

C. Dangerous sharksD. Colorful Sea Animals

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】D

【4】C

【5】B

【解析】

海里生活著各種各樣的生物，有植物、魚和其他的動物。你對海洋生物了解多少？這篇短文中作者給我們介紹了海洋里的食物鏈。

【1】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)這個單詞所在的語境There are many types of fish and many other animals. There are also many types of plants. There are even some animals which have a lot in common with you. They are mammals living in the sea.可知，這幾句話列舉了生活在海洋里的各種生物，如很多種類的魚和其他動物、植物、哺乳動物等。故creature的意思應該是“生物”，故選B。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第二段中The small animals and fish that eat plankton then become food for larger fish, such as the tuna and mackerel. These fish are then eaten by larger fish and animals, such as the shark and dolphin.可知，小的動物和魚被更大的魚吃掉；這些魚又被比他們更大的魚吃掉，如鯊魚和海豚。C選項說“大動物成為小動物的食物”，與文意不符，故選C。

【3】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段中Many kinds of fish and animals, such as the snail, shrimp, jellyfish, and sea star eat the plankton.可知，很多種類的魚還有蝸牛、蝦、水母和海星都吃浮游生物，因此A、B和C三個選項都對，選D。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文意和短文第二段的最后But why the number of the shark is becoming smaller and smaller? And who eats the shark? Check out the menu at a seafood restaurant next time you are eating there. Don't be surprised if you find shark on the menu可知，鯊魚是海洋食物鏈的頂層，但他們的數(shù)量越來越少，因為他們都被人類吃掉了。所以人類才是生物鏈的頂端。故應選C。

【5】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文意和短文第一段的最后兩句話How much do you know about creatures that live in the sea? Do you want to know more about the food chain（鏈）in the sea?可知，這篇短文給我們介紹的是海洋里的生物鏈。A 、C和D三個選項都太片面，B選項符合文意，故選B。

這篇短文中作者給我們介紹了海洋里的生物鏈。短文是科普類的說明文，在理解上有一定的難度。閱讀時，應注意把握文章中心和主旨，并盡可能多的獲取細節(jié)信息。做題時，要注意根據(jù)題干所問，鎖定文章相關段落或語句，與選項進行對比，選擇最佳答案。題型有細節(jié)理解、詞義猜測、推理判斷和主旨大意，考查非常全面。如第2小題，是一個推理判斷題，做題時，應根據(jù)選項在原文定位，根據(jù)原文信息進行判斷，用排除法作答。再如第5小題，這是一個主旨大意題，說明文的主題句常出現(xiàn)在文章開頭，因此第一段的首尾句最有可能是文章的主旨句，根據(jù)第一段的最后一句話Do you want to know more about the food chain（鏈）in the sea?可知，這篇短文給我們介紹的是海洋里的生物鏈，故應選B。