Question

【題目】A great number of people in the world have never seen snow.Others see more of it than they want to. Hail is much more common; it happens even in deserts.

Hail is a small round ball of alternating layers(交互層) of snow and clear ice. It forms inside large dark clouds that you can see before or during a storm. There are two ideas about how hailstones from.

One idea shows that hail forms when drops of water freeze in the upper air.

As they fall, they collect more drops of water. They also collect snow. The ice and snow build up in layers. If you cut a hailstone, you can see these alternating layers.

The other idea says that hail starts as a raindrop. The wind carries it higher into the atmosphere(大氣層), where it gets covered by snow. It becomes heavy and begins to fall. As it falls, it gets a layer of water, which freezes.

Then the wind carries it back to the snow area, and it gets another layer of snow. This can happen a number of times. Finally the hailstone is too heavy to travel on the wind, and it falls to the ground.

Only a thunderstorm(暴風(fēng)雨), a storm with loud noises and lightning can produce hail, but very few of them do. Perhaps only one in 400 thunderstorms creates hailstones.

A hailstone is usually less than eight centimeters in diameter. However, hailstones can be much bigger than that. Sometimes they are as big as baseballs. The largest hailstone which people have ever recorded weighed over 680 grams and had a diameter of thirteen centimeters.

Hail can cause the death of plants, especially since hail usually appears in the middle of summer, when the plants are partly grown. If the crops are destroyed, it is too late to plant more, and the farmer has lost everything. In one terrible hailstorm in 1923 in Rostov, in Ukraine, twenty-three people and many farm animals were killed.

【1】Which of the following is about HAIL?

A. B. C. D.

【2】According to the passage, which of the following is the fact about hail?

A. Hail is formed of snow and ice. B. Hail can’t be found in desert any more.

C. Hail often comes in cold winter. D. People can see snow more often than hail.

【3】What does the underlined word “them” in the fifth paragraph refer to?

A. Noises. B. Hailstones. C. Thunderstorms. D. Deserts.

【4】What do farmers most probably think of hail according to the last paragraph?

A. Unusual. B. Common. C. Useful. D. Terrible.

【5】What’s the passage mainly about?

A. Different ideas about how hail forms. B. A brief introduction about hail.

C. The size and the weight of hailstones. D. The influence that hail causes.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】C

【4】D

【5】B

【解析】本文介紹了世界上有許多人從未見過雪。但是冰雹更為常見，甚至發(fā)生在沙漠中。在文中介紹了冰雹的形成、尺寸和重量、冰雹的影響及危害等都有介紹。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。由句子“Hail is a small round ball of alternating layers(交互層) of snow and clear ice.”可知，冰雹是在交替層由雪和透明的冰形成的小圓球。故選A。

【2】細節(jié)理解題。A. Hail is formed of snow and ice. 冰雹是由冰雪形成的。與句子“Hail is a small round ball of alternating layers(交互層) of snow and clear ice.” 冰雹是在交替層由雪和透明的冰形成的小圓球。符合。

B. Hail can’t be found in desert any more. 沙漠中再也找不到冰雹了。與句子“Others see more of it than they want to. Hail is much more common; it happens even in deserts. ” 其他人看到的比他們想的更多。冰雹更為常見，甚至發(fā)生在沙漠中。因此不對。

C. Hail often comes in cold winter. 冰雹常在寒冷的冬天到來。與句子“Only a thunderstorm(暴風(fēng)雨), a storm with loud noises and lightning can produce hail” 可知，只有暴風(fēng)雨來臨時，同時伴有響亮的聲音和閃電才會形成冰雹。因此不對。

D. People can see snow more often than hail. 人們看到雪的次數(shù)比冰雹多。由句子“A great number of people in the world have never seen snow. Others see more of it than they want to. Hail is much more common”可知，世界上有許多人從未見過雪，其他人看到的比他們想的更多。冰雹更為常見。因此不對，綜上分析可知A正確。

【3】詞義猜測題。A. Noises. 噪聲；B. Hailstones. 冰雹；C. Thunderstorms. 雷暴；D. Deserts.沙漠。由句子“Only a thunderstorm(暴風(fēng)雨), a storm with loud noises and lightning can produce hail, but very few of them do.”可知，只有暴風(fēng)雨來臨時，同時伴有響亮的聲音和閃電才會形成冰雹，但是這種雷暴天氣很少發(fā)生。因此them指代前面的雷暴。故選C。

【4】推理判斷題。A. Unusual. 不尋常；B. Common. 常見；C. Useful. 有用；D. Terrible. 可怕。最后一段介紹了冰雹的危害。因此根據(jù)最后一段，農(nóng)民最可能想到的是可怕。故選D。

【5】主旨大意題。A. Different ideas about how hail forms. 關(guān)于冰雹形成的不同看法。B. A brief introduction about hail. 冰雹簡介。C. The size and the weight of hailstones. 冰雹的尺寸和重量。D. The influence that hail causes. 冰雹的影響。本文對冰雹的形成、尺寸和重量、冰雹的影響等都有介紹。因此B較全面。

1. 根據(jù)上下文語境進行猜測

“詞語要嵌在上下文里頭才有生命、才容易記住、才知道用法”。我們可以通過上下文語境猜測單詞的確切意義。

2. 根據(jù)指代關(guān)系進行猜測

代詞所指代的內(nèi)容多出現(xiàn)在這句話的前后句中。找到指代的內(nèi)容后，可以把它放在代詞的位置上，看是否合乎邏輯，并以此來判斷所選答案是否正確。

3. 根據(jù)同義或反義關(guān)系進行猜測

所考查的詞匯與上下文中的熟詞信息具有相同或相反的意義。通過熟悉的詞語，我們可猜測生詞的含義或者它所處的領(lǐng)域。

4. 根據(jù)定義或者解釋說明進行猜測

作者常通過破折號、逗號、定語從句等暗示所考查詞匯的定義，有時也會直接注解，我們可以充分利用這些定義或解釋說明來推測單詞或短語的含義。