— May I watch TV for a while?

— No, you __________. You have to finish your homework first.

A．shouldn't B．needn't C．mustn't D．won't

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Neither your sister nor mine the good news. Let’s tell them.

A. know B. knows C. had known D. have known

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Although most people believe that laughter is one of the nature’s great treatments for a whole range of mental and physical diseases, it is still a serious scientific subject that researchers are trying to figure out.

“Laughter above all else is a social thing,” says Baltimore neuroscientist(神經(jīng)科學(xué)家), Robert Provine, who has studied laughter for many years. “All laughter groups laugh ‘ha-ha-ha’ basically the same way. Whether you speak Mandarin, French or English, everyone will understand laughter. There is a pattern generator(發(fā)生器) in our brain that produces this sound.”

Laughing is our first way of communicating. Babies laugh long before they speak. No one teaches them how to laugh. They just do. People may laugh at a prank(惡作劇) on April Fools’ Day. But surprisingly, only 10 to 15 percent of laughter is the result of someone making a joke. Laughter is mostly about social responses rather to a joke. Deaf people laugh without hearing and people on cell phones laugh without seeing, showing that laughter isn’t dependent on single sense but on social interactions.

And laughter is not just a people thing. Chimps tickle(撓癢) each other and even laugh when another chimp pretends to tickle them.

Jaak Panksepp, a Bowling Green University Psychology professor, studies rats that laugh when he tickles them. It turns out rats love to be tickled — they return again and again to the hands of researchers tickling them.

By studying rats, scientists can figure out what’s going on in the brain during laughter. Northwestern University biomedical engineering professor, Jeffrey Burgdorf has found that laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁藥). He thinks the same thing probably happens in humans, too. This would give doctors a new chemical target to develop drugs that can fight depression.

Even so, laughter itself has not been proved to be the best medicine, experts said. Margaret Stuber, a professor at University of California, studied whether laugher helped patients. She found that distraction(分心) and mood improvement helped, but she could not find a benefit of laughter alone.

“No study has shown that laughter produces a direct health benefit,” Provine said, mainly because it’s hard to separate laughter from just feeling good. But he thinks it doesn’t really matter: “Isn’t the fact that laughter feels good when you do it enough?”

1.The underlined word “figure out” in Paragraph 6 means “________”.

A. deal with B. work out

C. look out of D. come up with

2.According to the passage, scientists studied rats in order to find ______.

A. how they laugh

B. if they like laughing

C. what laughter in rats produces

D. how rats react while being tickled

3.What can we know from Robert Provine’s research?

A．Laughter makes a person feel good.

B．Laughter produces a direct health benefit.

C．Laughter depends on all kinds of senses.

D．Laughter is a way of communicating.

4.What is probably the best title for this passage?

A. Why Rats Laugh

B. When Laughter Happens

C. How Laughter Works

D. Why Laughter Matters

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Water rides — Something that really attracts you!

The water rides are the most popular rides. 1.__ The boat slides down very fast into the water! You can buy your ticket before you go to the theme park. Then you do not have to stand in a long line. 2. _ If more than 10 people go to the theme park together, it costs less. There is a ticket machine beside each ride. You can stand in line for your turn. Or you can take a ticket that gives a time you can go on that ride. Then you can do something else while you are waiting.

3.__ This is because when you are scared, your knuckles become white! It is a strange idea to pay more money to be scared, but many people do that because they want to enjoy the excitement of the rides! Sometimes they laugh and scream! At the theme parks, there are special rides for young children. Of course, the children’s rides are not fast or high or scary. 4._ The children are safe when they sit inside the teacups and the ride goes around very slowly.

Sometimes there are animals like rabbits and sheep for children to see at a theme park. So there are lots to do and see. You will sleep very well after you have been to a theme park for the day! 5.__ Or would you be too scared? Do you think that your mother and father would enjoy this ride?

A．You can go to the rides without waiting!

B．You can travel in a boat made of wood.

C．Would you like to go on this white knuckle ride?

D．The most exciting rides are called “white knuckle rides”.

E．One famous ride for children looks like a lot of teacups!

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— The 2016 Olympic Games ________ in Brazil. Would you like to go there?

— Maybe, if possible.

A. are held B．were held

C．will be held D．have been held

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Once upon a time, three fish lived in a river. Their 1. (名字) were Thoughtful,Very Thoughtful,and Thoughtless.

One day, They left the wild country where no humans lived. They swam 2. (幾個(gè)) miles down the river to live near a town.

After just two days, Very Thoughtful said to the other two, “We’re taking a(n) 3. (風(fēng)險(xiǎn)) to live here. I think we should 4. （返回) to the wild country.”

But the other two fish 5. (似乎) to be used to living here. They said, “Come on, Very Thoughtful, there was no 6. (危險(xiǎn)) like you thought.”

One day, while they were looking for food, Very Thoughtful saw a fisherman’s net(網(wǎng)). He 7. (告訴) the other two in time, or they might be caught by the net.

“You saved our 8. (生命), Very Thoughtful!” they both cried. “Now we 9. (理解)you and we’d like to go back with you. We all 10. (想念) the wild country.” That day, they swam back to their old home and lived safely ever after.

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科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015年初中畢業(yè)升學(xué)考試（江蘇蘇州卷）英語(yǔ)（解析版） 題型：書(shū)面表達(dá)

書(shū)面表達(dá)（共1題；滿(mǎn)分20分）

為了配合“足球進(jìn)校園”活動(dòng)，你們班開(kāi)展了一次主題班會(huì)。請(qǐng)你以足球迷的身份，根據(jù)下列表格中的要點(diǎn)提示，用英語(yǔ)向同學(xué)們介紹足球這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)并談?wù)勛约旱膲?mèng)想。

常 識(shí)

歷史悠久，深受喜愛(ài)

世界杯4年舉行一次

好 處

男生女生皆可參加

利于培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊(duì)精神

考生自擬(至少1點(diǎn))

偶 像

梅西，有足球天賦

夢(mèng) 想

考生自擬(至少1點(diǎn))

注意：1. 詞數(shù)90左右。短文的開(kāi)頭已為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；

2. 短文須包括所有要點(diǎn)，不要逐詞翻譯，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使短文連貫、通順；

3. 短文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、校名等相關(guān)信息。

參考詞匯：梅西 Messi

Dear classmates,

I’m very excited to hear that China will build 20,000 football-themed schools by 2020.

Thank you for your attention.

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Mrs. Smith often goes to visit those AIDS patients in hospitals to cheer up.

A. her B. them C. him D. us

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—Listen! Someone is playing the piano.

— Wow! beautiful music! I like it very much.

A. What B. How a C. What a D. How

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