【題目】

1The thief _______ (catch)by the police when he was climbing into the house.

2Not only the railway but also the highways _______________ (connect)the two cities.

3All those who ______________(watch)the film are quite touched by the film itself.

4So far, two fifths of the students in our class_______( see) the film.

5A student _____________ (get)into trouble when he is crazy about computer games.

6---The surgeon hasn’t come back, has he?

--- No, for he _______ (be)in Australia since last week and will be back in a week.

7She _______________ (calm)down and thought about how to do it.

8The principal ______________ (review)the introduction to an Australian college at that time.

9—Has Mr. Green travelled abroad yet?—Not only Mr. and Mrs. Green but also their daughter

__________ (be)abroad twice.

10—Mum, can I go to watch the movie Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 tomorrow?

—Sure, if your homework _____(finish).

【答案】

1was caught

2connect

3have watched

4have seen

5will get

6has been

7calmed

8was reviewing

9has been

10is finished

【解析】

1句意:小偷在爬進(jìn)房子時(shí)被警察抓住了。由句子when he was climbing into the house.可知,主句用過(guò)去時(shí),根據(jù)句意可知小偷是被抓住的。因此用被動(dòng)句。所以答案為:was caught。

2句意:連接這兩個(gè)城市的不僅有鐵路,而且還有公路。Not only the railway but also the highways不僅有鐵路,而且還有公路。在句中做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填connect。

3句意:所有看過(guò)這部電影的人都被這部電影深深打動(dòng)了。根據(jù)句意可知,看過(guò)電影的人都被電影本身深深打動(dòng)了。用被動(dòng)?措娪笆沁^(guò)去發(fā)生的,對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響是知道了電影的內(nèi)容,而被打動(dòng)。應(yīng)該用完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)句。所以填have watched。

4句意:到目前為止,我們班有五分之二的學(xué)生看過(guò)這部電影。由So far可知,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。五分之二的學(xué)生做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。所以答案為:have seen。

5句意:當(dāng)一個(gè)學(xué)生癡迷于電腦游戲時(shí),他會(huì)陷入困境的。根據(jù)句意,當(dāng)學(xué)生瘋狂玩電腦游戲時(shí),將會(huì)陷入困境的。故填will get。

6句意:——外科醫(yī)生還沒(méi)有回來(lái),是嗎? ——是的,因?yàn)樗麖纳蟼(gè)星期就在澳大利亞了,一周后才回來(lái)。由since last week可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。在某地用has/have been in+地點(diǎn)。主語(yǔ)是he,謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。所以填has been。

7句意:她冷靜下來(lái),考慮怎么做。and連接的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)上是一致的。因?yàn)?/span>thought是過(guò)去時(shí),因此calm也用過(guò)去時(shí)calmed。所以答案為:calmed。

8句意:校長(zhǎng)當(dāng)時(shí)正在審閱對(duì)澳大利亞一所大學(xué)的介紹。由at that time可知,句子的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。The principal做主謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)was。故填was reviewing。

9句意: ——格林先生出國(guó)旅行過(guò)嗎?——不僅是格林夫婦,還有他們的女兒都已經(jīng)出國(guó)兩次了。由句意和twice可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Not only ……but also……連接的句子,謂語(yǔ)要看最近的主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。也就是就近遠(yuǎn)則。因?yàn)?/span>their daughter做主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),因此助動(dòng)詞用has。所以填has been。

10句意:——媽媽,明天我能去看電影《銀河護(hù)衛(wèi)隊(duì)2》嗎? ——當(dāng)然可以,如果你的家庭作業(yè)完成了。your homework是動(dòng)作的承受著,做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用被動(dòng)。在if引導(dǎo)的句子中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái),也就是說(shuō)本題考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)句。再由your homework是單數(shù)。所以答案為:is finished。

一、 確定時(shí)態(tài)

仔細(xì)觀察會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)許多暗示點(diǎn),通過(guò)它們,我們可以輕易地確定該用什么時(shí)態(tài)。

1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)暗示。

2.根據(jù)上、下文暗示來(lái)確定時(shí)態(tài)。如---I want to borrow a video, but it’s not on that shelf. ---I guess somebody else ___________ (borrow) it. 根據(jù)上文it’s not on the shelf可知,下文出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響,從而可判斷應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)has borrowed。

3.根據(jù)主從句的關(guān)系暗示來(lái)確定時(shí)態(tài)。

①在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中,如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句要用過(guò)去的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。例如:He said that Li Lei _________ (finish) the work when Mr. Wu came in. 此題中主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是said,所以賓語(yǔ)從句中的finish也該用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可判斷出finish的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在come的動(dòng)作之前,即為過(guò)去的過(guò)去。所以空白處應(yīng)填had finished。

②在賓語(yǔ)從句中,主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句可用任意需要的時(shí)態(tài)。

I hear she came back yesterday. He knows that Jim will work hard.

在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或是祈使句,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 The scientist _________(find) the word written wrong if he turns to the page. 主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí),所以應(yīng)填will find。

4.根據(jù)前后動(dòng)詞暗示。有的動(dòng)詞填空題由并列連詞and, but or等連接的兩個(gè)(或兩個(gè)以上的)句子,我們可以根據(jù)前(后)面的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)確定后(前)面動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。如Joanna Trollope ________(live) in Oxford for two years, and then in 2000 she moved to Paris. 后面句子用的是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),前面句子應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí),應(yīng)填livedhad lived。

二、確定語(yǔ)態(tài)

如果所填動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)先根據(jù)主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的主、被動(dòng)關(guān)系,確定動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)一般地說(shuō),句子主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的招待者時(shí)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。若句子主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作承受者時(shí),則用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。注意:不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

三、確定動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式

如果所填的動(dòng)詞在句子中不作謎語(yǔ),那么就應(yīng)考慮用動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式。動(dòng)詞的非謎語(yǔ)形式主要有:動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式(現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞)、過(guò)去分詞等。到底采用哪一種形式,要根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配、各種非謂語(yǔ)形式的用法和特點(diǎn)、修辭及句子結(jié)構(gòu)的要求等方面來(lái)決定。如Grandfather was made __________(work) over ten hours a day before the PRC was founded. 根據(jù)make的用法,在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中,其后可用省略to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中,省掉的to應(yīng)加上,所以應(yīng)填to work。

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